Abstract
The rise of mass celebrity culture was made possible thanks to new technology, like photography and film. Movie stars quickly emerged as a new class of celebrities, more attainable than stars had been before. A commercial link to movie stardom was soon established, where fan magazines played a big part in educating fans as consumers. Stardom created whole new opportunities for commercialism, and stars could use their platform based on fame to sell products. Fans have always been early adopters of new technology, and online fan communities started forming early on. As social media has become part of our daily lives, so have activities previously considered to be fan activities. Social media has made it easier to participate, and this has facilitated a broadening of the fan concept.
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Linden, H., Linden, S. (2017). Celebrity Culture and Modes of Participation Through “New” Media. In: Fans and Fan Cultures. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-50129-5_5
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