Conclusion

Abstract

Official “historical” representations of the Mamluks were propagated by the Egyptian monarchy and appeared throughout school textbooks between 1920 and 1950 and in the works of ‘Ābdīn historians. Hence, it is no wonder that Muḥammad ‘Alī and his descendants were the foremost protagonists of the monarchist narrative. Unlike official forms of memory, a variety of memories of the Mamluks are invented in the forms of public memory. Among the diverse types of nationalist trends, one may find territorialist, integralist, Islamic, and Arab nationalism, which portray remarkable Mamluk Sultans as Egyptian, Islamic, or Arab heroes who halted the Mongols and the Crusaders respectively. Thus, the Mamluks were one of the important subjects that Egyptian nationalist intellectuals utilized for glorifying the Egyptian nation and crystallizing Egyptian nationalism.