Abstract
Post-Islamist intellectuals are the former Islamist leftists who supported Khomeini unconditionally. They realized after a decade that their submission to the leader was at the expense of their individual liberty and intellectual creativity. Some post-Islamist intellectuals searched for a democratic theory through a dialog between Islamic jurisprudence and modern political theories. Others argued that democracy was a collective response to the modern sociopolitical experiences. For the latter the compatibility between Muslim societies and modern democracy was not a theoretical but rather a practical question. Instead of reading religious texts through democratic concepts, they contrasted the citizens’ experience of the lack of political rights with the rights promised by the Iranian constitution. Furthermore, they contrasted these constitutional rights with the practices of state institutions violating these rights.
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Notes
- 1.
Hossein Ali Montazeri, Mabani-ye fiqhi-ye hokumat-e Eslami, Tarjomeh va Tqrirr Mahmoud Salavati (Tehran: Entesharat-e Sarayi, 2000), p. 117.
- 2.
Farzin Vahdat, Post-revolutionary Discourse of Mohammad Mojtahed Shabestari and Mohsen Kadivar Part II: Mohsen Kadivar, Critique, No. 17 (Fall 2000): 138.
- 3.
Mohsen Kadivar, Nazariyeh’ha-ye doulat dar fiqh-e shia (Tehran: Nashr-e Nou, 1997), p. 10.
- 4.
Ibid., p. 22.
- 5.
Ibid., p. 37.
- 6.
Mohsen Kadivar, Hokumat-e Velayi (Tehran: Ney, 1998), p. 47.
- 7.
Michel Foucault, Maladie Mentale et Personalité (Paris: PUF, 1954), p. 10.
- 8.
Kadivar, Hokumat-e Velayi, p. 56.
- 9.
Ibid., p. 57.
- 10.
Ibid., p. 392.
- 11.
Ibid., p. 207.
- 12.
Kadivar, Nazariyeh’ha-ye doulat, p. 48.
- 13.
Ibid., p. 207.
- 14.
Abdollah Javadi Amoli, Piramun-e vahy va rahbari (Tehran, 1989).
- 15.
Kadivar, Nazariyeh’ha-ye doulat, p. 49.
- 16.
Ibid., p. 50.
- 17.
Vahdat, “Post-Revolutionary Discourse”, Part II, p. 151.
- 18.
Kadivar: Nazariyeh’ha-ye doulat, pp. 154–156.
- 19.
Ibid., p. 156.
- 20.
Kadivar, Nazariyeh’ha-ye doulat, p. 182.
- 21.
Ibid.
- 22.
Ibid., p. 184.
- 23.
Ibid., p. 182.
- 24.
Ibid., pp. 184–185.
- 25.
Ibid., p. 43.
- 26.
Kadivar, Hokumat-e Velayi, p. 189.
- 27.
Kadivar, Daghdagheh’ha-ye hokumat-e dini (Tehran: Ney, 2000), p. 239.
- 28.
Ibid.
- 29.
Ibid., p. 240.
- 30.
Ibid., p. 241.
- 31.
Ibid., p. 242.
- 32.
Alireza Alavitabar and Kaveh Ehsani, “God Hasn’t Died in this Society Yet”: A Conversation with Alireza Alavitabar, Middle East Report, No. 212 (Fall 1999): 30.
- 33.
Saeed Hajjarian, Jomhuriyat, afsunzedayi az qodrat (Tehran: Tarh-e Nou, 2000), p. 21.
- 34.
Ibid., pp. 22–23.
- 35.
Ibid., p. 23.
- 36.
Ibid., p. 40.
- 37.
Ibid., p. 51.
- 38.
Ibid., p. 53.
- 39.
Ibid., p. 54.
- 40.
Ibid., pp. 54–55.
- 41.
Ibid., p. 54.
- 42.
Ibid., p. 81.
- 43.
Ibid., pp. 81–82.
- 44.
Ibid., p. 40.
- 45.
Ibid., p. 39.
- 46.
Ibid., p. 161.
- 47.
Ibid.
- 48.
Ibid., p. 162.
- 49.
Ibid., pp. 163–164.
- 50.
Hajjarian, Jomhuriyat, afsunzedayi az qodrat, p. 165.
- 51.
Ibid., p. 123.
- 52.
Ibid., p. 131.
- 53.
Ibid.
- 54.
Ibid.
- 55.
Akbar Ganji, Talaqi-ye fashisti az din va hokumat (Tehran: Tarh-e Nou, 2000), p. 166.
- 56.
Ibid., pp. 74–75.
- 57.
Ibid., pp. 35–36.
- 58.
Jahromi & Porhelm, Khatami’ha, p. 115.
- 59.
Brumberg, Reinventing Khomeini, Reinventing Khomeini: the Struggle for Reform in Iran (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2001), p. 198.
- 60.
Ibid., pp. 198–199.
- 61.
Mohamma Reza Hanafi, Ta sobhdam, ravanshenasi-ye nofuz-e ejtemaei-ye Khatami Rais Jomhur-e Iran (Tehran: Ruznameh-ye Salam, 2000), p. 234.
- 62.
Mohammad Khatami, Az donia-ye shahr ta shahr-e donia: Seyri dar andisheh-ye siyasi-ye gharb (Tehran: Ney, 1997), p. 240.
- 63.
Ibid., p. 246.
- 64.
Pierre Bourdieu, Practical Reason: On the Theory of Action (Stanford University Press, 1998), pp. 76–77.
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Shahibzadeh, Y. (2016). Post-Islamism and Democracy. In: Islamism and Post-Islamism in Iran. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-57825-9_6
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