Abstract
With the rise of the nation-state and the great corporate ventures of industrial and ?nancial capitalism, especially when considered alongside the decline of religious authority in both of these spheres under conditions of modernity, the role of the citizen has moved to the fore. As the idea of citizenship has expanded, ?rst excluding certain classes, racially de?ned groups and women, later including them, so too has the question of the role of citizens in society. Speci?cally, given the expansion of complexity in the spheres of both economy and polity, driven by scienti?c, technological and managerial innovations, the role of citizens has grown increasingly unstable. It is sometimes attacked or even crushed, sometimes reduced to little more than expressing an opinion now and again through a public vote, and most commonly expressed through the multiple kinds of associational and organizational structures that citizens have themselves built – what we general call civil society (see Cohen & Arato, 1995).
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Cochrane, J.R. (2010). Health and the Uses of Religion: Recovering the Political Proper?. In: Bompani, B., Frahm-Arp, M. (eds) Development and Politics from Below. Non-Governmental Public Action. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230283206_9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230283206_9
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