Abstract
In a brief but suggestive passage of La Cristiada, Jean Meyer presents a thumbnail portrait of the revolutionary anticlerical of the 1920s: an urban northerner, white-collar professional, supporter of the Sonoran regime, admirer of the United States, Protestant sympathizer (if not an actual Protestant), and quite likely a freemason.1 These “men of the north” (Roberto Pesqueira) looked with disdain on “old Mexico”—the Indian, peasant, priest-ridden Mexico of the colonial heartland.2 With the Constitutionalist triumph and establishment of the Sonoran regime, northern men and values were imposed on the center; the result, Meyer eloquently recounts, was the Cristiada, the resistance of “old” Mexico to abrupt cultural and political imposition.
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Notes
Jean Meyer, La Cristiada (3 vols. Mexico City: Siglo XXI, 1973–74), 2:193–4.
Ramon Jrade, “Inquiries into the Cristero Insurrection against the Mexican Revolution,” Latin American Research Review 20, no. 2 (1985): 53–69;
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In reviewing Matthew Butler, Popular Piety and Political Identity in Mexico’s Cristero Rebellion: Michoackn, 1927–29 (Oxford: OUP, 2004)
Meyer has penned a reasoned and useful reevaluation of his position: Historia Mexicana 54, no. 4 (2005): 1242–9.
Marjorie Becker, Setting the Virgin On Fire: Lkzaro Ckrdenas, Michoackn Campesinos, and the Redemption of the Mexican Revolution (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1995).
Charlote M. Gradie, The Tepehuan Revolt of 1616 (Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 2000), 148–72;
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Paul Vanderwood, The Power of God Against the Guns of Government. Religious Upheaval in Mexico at the Turn of the Nineteenth Century (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1998);
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Gordon Marshall, In Search of the Spirit of Capitalism. An Essay on Max Weber’s Protestant Ethic Thesis (London: Hutchinson, 1982), for theoretical problems.
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Donald J. Mabry, Mexico’s Acción Nacional. A Catholic Alternative to Revolution (Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1973), 31, 36.
Alicia Gómez, “Una Burguesía en Ciernes,” in Jalisco desde la Revolución: Movimientos Sociales, 1929–40, ed. Laura Patricia Romero (Guadalajara: Gobierno del Estado de Jalisco, 1988), 27–72;
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Keith Brewster, Militarism, Ethnicity and Politics in the Sierra Norte de Puebla, 1917–1930 (Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 2003).
Francisco Javier Gaxiola, El Presidente Rodríguez (1932–34) (Mexico City: Editorial Cultura, 1938), 58;
also Miguel Alemân Valdés, Remembranzas y Testimonios (Mexico City: Grijalbo, 1987), 20, 31–2.
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The phrase comes from Eric R. Wolf and Edward C. Hansen, “Caudillo Politics: A Structural Analysis,” Comparative Studies in Society and History 9 (1966–7): 168–79.
Jeffrey A. Frieden, Debt, Development and Democracy. Modern Political Economy and Latin America (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1991), 151, citing Manuel Antonio Garretón.
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Ulíses Beltrân, Fernando Castaños, Julia Isabel Flores, Yolanda Meyerberg, and Blanca Helena del Pozo, Los Mexicanos de los Noventa (Mexico City: UNAM, 1996), 132;
Roderic Ai Camp, Crossing Swords. Politics and Religion in Mexico (New York: OUP, 1997), 112–13.
Davd Martin, Tongues of Fire. The Explosion of Protestantism in Latin America (Oxford: Blackwell, 1990), 95–8, 211–14.
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Knight, A. (2007). The Mentality and Modus Operandi of Revolutionary Anticlericalism. In: Butler, M. (eds) Faith and Impiety in Revolutionary Mexico. Studies of the Americas. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230608801_2
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