Abstract
In settler societies colonizing discourse invariably depicted the indigene as a premodern primitive and moreover as a member of a vanishing race. Death and destruction became normalized insofar as the indigene was after all part of a dying race. This rationalizing discourse helped justify dispossession, assuage guilt, and establish a framework for historical denial. To end the discussion with Wounded Knee, ignoring the twentieth century, would be to affirm the colonial mythology of the vanishing race.
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Notes
Colin Calloway, First Peoples: A Documentary Survey of American Indian History (New York: St. Martin’s, 2008), 525.
Kevin Bruyneel, The Third Space of Sovereignty: The Post-Colonial Politics of U.S.-Indigenous Relations (Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, 2007), 12.
United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous People. http://www.un.org/esa/socdev/unpfii/documents/DRIPS_en.pdf; see also Elvira Pulitano, ed., Indigenous Rights in the Age of the UN Declaration (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012); the literature on the global human rights movement is rapidly emerging.
For overviews see Jack Donnelly, Universal Human Rights in Theory and Practice (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2013)
and Aryeh Neier, The International Human Rights Movement: A History (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2012).
Philip J. Deloria, Indians in Unexpected Places (Lawrence, KS: University of Kansas Press, 2004), 237.
Ibid., 52–80; Louis S. Warren, Buffalo Bill’s America: William Cody and the Wild West Show (New York: Vintage Books, 2005).
Deloria, Indians in Unexpected Places, 109–135; Calloway, First Peoples, 400–401; see also David L. Fleitz, Louis Sockalexis: The First Cleveland Indian (Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2002).
Paul C. Rosier, Serving Their Country: American Indian Politics and Patriotism in the Twentieth Century (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2009), 42–70; Calloway, First Peoples, 438–445.
Sherry L. Smith, Hippies, Indians, and the Fight for Red Power (New York: Oxford University Press 2012), 13.
For an in-depth account see Peter Matthiessen, In the Spirit of Crazy Horse (New York: Viking, 1991).
Candace Fujikane, “Introduction: Asian Settler Colonialism in U.S. Colony of Hawai’i,” in Candace Fujikane and Jonathan Y. Okamura, eds., Asian Settler Colonialism: From Local Governance to Habits of Everyday Life in Hawai’i (Honolulu, HI: University of Hawai’i Press, 2008), 11.
Fujikane, “Introduction,” 26; Karen K. Kosasa, “Searching for the ‘C’ Word: Museums, Art Galleries, and Settler Colonialism in Hawai’i,” in Fiona Bateman and Lionel Pilkington, eds., Studies in Settler Colonialism: Politics, Identity and Culture (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2011), 153–168.
Sally Engle Merry, “Law and Identity in an American Colony,” 144–145; and Mililani B. Trask, “Hawaiian Sovereignty,” 71–75, both in Merry and Donald Brenneis, eds., Law and Empire in the Pacific: Fiji and Hawai’i (Santa Fe, NM: School of American Research Press, 2003); see also Pulitano, ed., Indigenous Rights in Age of UN Declaration.
Linda S. Parker, Native American Estate: The Struggle over Indian and Hawaiian Lands (Honolulu, HI: University of Hawai’i Press, 1989), 122; Fujikane, “Introduction,” 10.
Jo Ann Umilani Tsark, “Native Hawaiian Health Data: Contours of a Hidden Holocaust,” in Ward Churchill and Sharon Venne, eds., Islands in Captivity: The International Tribunal on the Rights of Indigenous Hawaiians (Boston, MA: South End Press, 1997), 273–276.
J. Kehaulani Kauanui, Hawaiian Blood: Colonialism and the Politics of Sovereignty and Indigeneity (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2008), 3.
Donald Craig Mitchell, Take my Land, Take my Life: The Story of Congress’s Historic Settlement of Alaska Native Land Claims, 1960–1971 (Fairbanks, AK: University of Alaska Press, 2001), 278.
Walter R. Borneman, Alaska: Saga of a Bold Land (New York: Harper Collins, 2003), 465–467.
Stephen Haycox, Alaska: An American Colony (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2002), 283; Borneman, Alaska: Saga of a Bold Land, 471.
David S. Case and David A. Voluck, Alaska Natives and American Laws (Anchorage, AK: University of Alaska Press, 2012), 198.
Jeffrey Ostler, The Lakotas and the Black Hills: The Struggle for Sacred Ground (New York: Viking, 2010), 139–191; Tim Giago, “Black Hills Settlement Funds Top $1 Billion.” http://www.huffingtonpost.com/tim-giago/black-hills-claims-settle_b_533267.html
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© 2013 Walter L. Hixson
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Hixson, W.L. (2013). “A Very Particular Kind of Inclusion”: Indigenous People in the Postcolonial United States. In: American Settler Colonialism. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137374264_9
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