Skip to main content

Pharmacotherapeutic Principles of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders

  • Chapter
Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders

Part of the book series: Current Clinical Neurology ((CCNEU))

  • 1043 Accesses

Abstract

The pharmacotherapeutic management of neurological and psychiatric disorders relies primarily on the modulation of central nervous system (CNS) neurotransmission with drugs that intervene at chemical synapses. The receptors, transporters, and enzymes for the dopaminergic, serotonergic, and noradrenergic systems are the most common neuropsychiatric drug targets, because these neurotransmitter systems play a central role in the regulation of a range of cognitive and motor behaviors. The key to understanding or anticipating the clinical profile (dose-effect) of a particular drug is to have an appreciation for both its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Jones BJ, Blackburn TP. The medical benefit of 5-HT research. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2002;71:555–568.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Xu Y, Ito A, Arai R. Immunohistochemical localization of monoamine oxidase type B in the taste bud of the rat. Neurotoxicology. 2004;25:149–154.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Mannisto PT, Kaakkola S. Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT): biochemistry, molecular biology, pharmacology, and clinical efficacy of the new selective COMT inhibitors. Pharmacol Rev. 1999;51:593–628.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Hall DA, Strange PG. Evidence that antipsychotic drugs are inverse agonists at D2 dopamine receptors. Br J Pharmacol. 1997;121:731–736.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Wilson J, Lin H, Fu D, Javitch JA, Strange PG. Mechanisms of inverse agonism of antipsychotic drugs at the D(2) dopamine receptor: use of a mutant D(2) dopamine receptor that adopts the activated conformation. J Neurochem. 2001;77:493–504.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Weiner DM, Burstein ES, Nash N, et al. 5-hydroxytryptamine2A receptor inverse agonists as antipsychotics. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2001;299:268–276.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Schetz JA. Allosteric modulation of dopamine receptors. Mini-review. Med Chem. 2004; in press.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Limbird LL. Identification of receptors using direct radioligand binding techniques. In: Cell Surface Receptors: A short course on Theory and Methods. Martinus Nijhoff Publishing, 1986:51–96.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Cheng Y-C, Prusoff WH. Relationship between the inhibition constant (Ki) and the concentration of inhibitor which causes 50 percent inhibition (IC50) of an enzymatic reaction. Biochem Pharmacol. 1973;22:3099–3108.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Ehlert FJ. Estimation of the affinities of allosteric ligands using radioligand binding and pharmacological null methods. Mole Pharmacol. 1988;33:187–194.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Christopoulos A, Kenakin T. G protein-coupled receptor allosterism and complexing. Pharmacol Rev. 2002; 54:323–374.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Ariens EJ. Affinity and intrinsic activity in the theory of competitive inhibition. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther. 1954;99:32–49.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Ritschel WA. Pharmacokinetics in the aged. In: Pagliaro LA and Pagliaro AM, eds. Pharmacologic aspects of aging. Mosby, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Ascher JA, Cole JO, Colin, J-N, et al. Bupropion: a review of its mechanism of antidepressant activity. J Clin Psychiatry. 1995;56:395–401

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Bondarev ML, Bondareva TS, Young R, Glennon RA. Behavioral and biochemical investigations of bupropion metabolites. Eur J Pharmacol. 2003;474:85–93.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Tsao P, Cao T, von Zastrow M. Role of endocytosis in mediating downregulation of G-protein-coupled receptors. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2001;22:91–96.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Torres GE, Gainetdinov RR, Caron MG. Plasma membrane monoamine transporters: structure, regulation and function. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2003;4:13–25.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Kumer SC, Vrana KE. Intricate regulation of tyrosine hydroxylase activity and gene expression. J. Neurochem. 1996;67:443–462.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Hensler JG. Regulation of 5-HT1A receptor function in brain following agonist or antidepressant administration. Life Sci. 2003;72:1665–1682.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Blier P. Pharmacology of rapid-onset antidepressant treatment strategies. J Clin Psychiatry. 2001; 62Suppl 15:12–17.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Benmansour S, Owens WA, Cecchi M, Morilak DA, Frazer A. Serotonin clearance in vivo is altered to a greater extent by antidepressant-induced downregulation of the serotonin transporter than by acute blockade of this transporter. J Neurosci. 2002;22:6766–6772.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Tallman JF, Primus RJ, Brodbeck R, et al. NGD 94-1: identification of a novel, high-affinity antagonist at the human dopamine D4 receptor. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1997;282:1011–1019.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2005 Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Schetz, J.A. (2005). Pharmacotherapeutic Principles of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders. In: Tarazi, F.I., Schetz, J.A. (eds) Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders. Current Clinical Neurology. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-856-0:029

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-856-0:029

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-58829-369-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-856-4

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics