Skip to main content

Traveling Particles

  • Chapter
Modern Poisons
  • 621 Accesses

Abstract

In the previous chapter, we explored the transport of chemicals from one physical compartment to another—but only in their free molecular form. The reality, however, is much messier than that, as solid particles can travel in water and both solid and liquid aerosols can travel in the air. While particles moving in water and those moving in air are governed by different forces, there are also some striking similarities. One is the relationship between particle size and travel distance: the smaller the particle, the greater the distance that it is likely to travel. The second deals with colonization, as toxic chemicals can bind to particles, hitching a ride on them as they travel downstream or downwind.

The wind blows to the south and goes around to the north; around and around goes the wind, and on its circuits the wind returns.

— Ecclesiastes 1:6–7

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

Reference

  • Blackwell, B. R., K. J. Wooten, M. D. Buser, B. J. Johnson, G. P. Cobb, and P. N. Smith. “Occurrence and Characterization of Steroid Growth Promoters Associated with Particulate Matter Originating from Beef Cattle Feedyards.” Environmental Science and Technology 49 (2015): 8796–803.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hamra, G. B., N. Guha, A. Cohen, F. Laden, O. Raaschou-Nielsen, J. M. Samet, P. Vineis, et al. “Outdoor Particulate Matter Exposure and Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.” Environmental Health Perspectives 122 (2014): 906–11. doi:10.1289/ehp.1408092.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jonker, M. T. O., and L. van Mourik. “Exceptionally Strong Sorption of Infochemicals to Activated Carbon Reduces Their Bioavailability to Fish.” Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 33 (2014): 493–99.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu, L., B. Urch, R. Poon, M. Szyszkowicz, M. Speck, D. R. Gold, A. J. Wheeler, et al. “Effects of Ambient Coarse, Fine, and Ultrafine Particles and Their Biological Constituents on Systemic Biomarkers: A Controlled Human Exposure Study.” Environmental Health Perspectives 123 (2015): 534–40. doi:10.1289/ehp.1408387.

    Google Scholar 

  • McEachran, A. D., B. R. Blackwell, J. D. Hanson, K. J. Wooten, G. D. Mayer, S. B. Cox, and P. N. Smith. “Antibiotics, Bacteria, and Antibiotic Resistance Genes: Aerial Transport from Cattle Feed Yards via Particulate Matter.” Environmental Health Perspectives 123 (2015): 337–43. doi:10.1289/ehp.1408555.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sandstrom, T., and B. Forsberg. “Desert Dust: An Unrecognized Source of Dangerous Air Pollution?” Epidemiology 19 (2008): 808–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Valavanidis, A., K. Fiotakis, and T. Vlachogianni. “Airborne Particulate Matter and Human Health: Toxicological Assessment and Importance of Size and Composition of Particles for Oxidative Carcinogenic Mechanisms.” Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part C: Environmental Carcinogenesis Ecotoxicology Reviews 26 (2008): 339–62. doi:10.1080/10590500802494538.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vignati, D. A., T. Dworak, B. Ferrari, B. Koukal, J. L. Loizeau, M. Minouflet, M. I. Camusso, S. Polesello, and J. Dominik. “Assessment of the Geochemical Role of Colloids and Their Impact on Contaminant Toxicity in Freshwaters: An Example from the Lambro-Po System (Italy).” Environmental Science and Technology 39 (2005): 489–97.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Von Essen, S. G., and B. W. Auvermann. “Health Effects from Breathing Air Near CAFOs for Feeder Cattle or Hogs.” Journal of Agromedicine 10 (2005): 55–64.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Alan Kolok

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Kolok, A.S. (2016). Traveling Particles. In: Modern Poisons. Island Press, Washington, DC. https://doi.org/10.5822/978-1-61091-609-7_7

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics