Abstract
Even more controversial than government intervention in agricultural markets was the other side of the Farm Bill equation: public food distribution and financial assistance for the needy. Until 1932, that responsibility lay solely at the feet of l cal communities and charities. Critics of food assistance programs believed that hunger relief would lead the country ir competition drove food prices to record lows and as displaced farmers and sharecroppers waged protests and joined the staggering unemployment lines during the Great Depression, no resolution appeared to the paradox of want in the midst of overabundance.
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Notes
- 1.
Dennis Roth, “Food Stamps: 1932–1977: From Provisional and Pilot Programs to Permanent Policy,” USDA Economic Research Service, modified August 2015, https://pubs.nal.usda.gov/sites/pubs.nal.usda.gov/files/foodstamps.html.
- 2.
R. Douglas Hurt, “The Great Plains during World War II,” University of Nebraska–Lincoln, 2008, http://plainshumanities.unl.edu/homefront/agriculture.html.
- 3.
Hurt, “The Great Plains,” 8.
- 4.
Regina A. Galer-Unti, Hunger and Food Assistance Policy in the United States (New York: Garland, 1995).
- 5.
Joanne Guthrie, “National School Lunch Program,” USDA Economic Research Service, October 5, 2016, https://www.ers.usda.gov/topics/food-nutrition-assistance/child-nutrition-programs/national-school-lunch-program.aspx.
- 6.
“Congress Overhauls Food Stamp Program,” CQ Almanac 33 (1977): 457–70, http://library.cqpress.com/cqalmanac/cqal77-1203222.
- 7.
Office of Budget and Program Analysis, “FY 2016 Budget Summary and Performance Plan,” US Department of Agriculture, 2016, https://www.obpa.usda.gov/budsum/fy16budsum.pdf.
- 8.
Economic Research Service, “Key Statistics and Graphics,” US Department of Agriculture, updated October 4, 2017, https://www.ers.usda.gov/topics/food-nutrition-assistance/food-security-in-the-us/key-statistics-graphics/#insecure.
- 9.
Steven Carlson et al., “SNAP Works for America’s Children,” Center on Budget and Policy Priorities, September 2016, https://www.cbpp.org/research/food-assistance/snap-works-for-americas-children#_ftn1.
- 10.
James Mabil and Jim Ohls, “Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Participation Is Associated with an Increase in Household Food Security in a National Evaluation,” Journal of Nutrition 145, no. 2 (2015): 344–51.
- 11.
Hilary Hoynes, Diane Whitmore Schanzenbach, and Douglas Almond, “Long-Run Impacts of Childhood Access to the Safety Net,” American Economic Review 106, no. 4 (2016): 903–34.
- 12.
Peter Pringle, ed., A Place at the Table: The Crisis of 49 Million Hungry Americans and How to Solve It (New York: Public Affairs, 2013).
- 13.
The USDA’s Thrifty Food Plan is a tool intended to help individuals on food assistance have a healthy diet. TFP is meant to “represen[t] a minimal cost diet based on up-to-date dietary recommendations, food composition data, food habits, and food price information.” TFP is also the basis for maximum food assistance allotments. See Andrea Carlson et al., “Thrifty Food Plan 2006,” US Department of Agriculture Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion, April 2007, http://www.cnpp.usda.gov/Publications/FoodPlans/MiscPubs/TFP2006Report.pdf.
- 14.
Carlson et al., “Thrifty Food Plan 2006.”
- 15.
Tatiana Andreyeva, Amanda Tripp, and Marlene Schwartz, “Dietary Quality of Americans by Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Participation Status: A Systematic Review,” American Journal of Preventative Medicine 49, no. 4 (2015): 594–604.
- 16.
Food and Nutrition Service, “Diet Quality of Americans by SNAP Participation Status: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007–2010,” US Department of Agriculture, May 2015.
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© 2019 Daniel Imhoff
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Imhoff, D., Badaracco, C. (2019). The Changing Face of Hunger. In: The Farm Bill. Island Press, Washington, DC. https://doi.org/10.5822/978-1-61091-975-3_7
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