Abstract
Eukaryotic mRNAs are bound by a multitude of RNA binding proteins (RBPs) that control their localization, transport, and translation. Measuring the rate of translation of mRNAs is critical for understanding the factors and pathways involved in gene expression. In this chapter, we present a method to compare the rate of translation of individual mRNA species based on the fraction of mRNA bound by a specific ribonucleoprotein involved in the general translation machinery. The ribonucleoprotein complex is immunoprecipitated using an antibody for the RBP, followed by RT-PCR to semi-quantitatively determine the amount of an individual mRNA fraction bound by a translation regulating protein such as eIF4E.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Orphanides G, Reinberg D (2002) A unified theory of gene expression. Cell 108(4):439–451
Chen K, Rajewsky N (2007) The evolution of gene regulation by transcription factors and microRNAs. Nat Rev Genet 8(2):93–103. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrg1990
Wang Z, Gerstein M, Snyder M (2009) RNA-Seq: a revolutionary tool for transcriptomics. Nat Rev Genet 10(1):57–63. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrg2484
Keene JD (2007) RNA regulons: coordination of post-transcriptional events. Nat Rev Genet 8(7):533–543. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrg2111
Zhang J, Chen X (2008) Posttranscriptional regulation of p53 and its targets by RNA-binding proteins. Curr Mol Med 8(8):845–849
Richter JD, Sonenberg N (2005) Regulation of cap-dependent translation by eIF4E inhibitory proteins. Nature 433(7025):477–480. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature03205
Pollard JW (1994) The in vivo isotopic labeling of proteins for polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Methods Mol Biol 32:67–72. https://doi.org/10.1385/0-89603-268-X:67
Chasse H, Boulben S, Costache V, Cormier P, Morales J (2017) Analysis of translation using polysome profiling. Nucleic Acids Res 45(3):e15. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkw907
Kudla M, Karginov FV (2016) Measuring mRNA translation by polysome profiling. Methods Mol Biol 1421:127–135. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3591-8_11
Zuccotti P, Modelska A (2016) Studying the Translatome with Polysome profiling. Methods Mol Biol 1358:59–69. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3067-8_4
Cho SJ, Rossi A, Jung YS, Yan W, Liu G, Zhang J, Zhang M, Chen X (2013) Ninjurin1, a target of p53, regulates p53 expression and p53-dependent cell survival, senescence, and radiation-induced mortality. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 110(23):9362–9367. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1221242110
Yang HJ, Zhang J, Yan W, Cho SJ, Lucchesi C, Chen M, Huang EC, Scoumanne A, Zhang W, Chen X (2017) Ninjurin 1 has two opposing functions in tumorigenesis in a p53-dependent manner. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 114(43):11500–11505. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1711814114
Zhang J, Cho SJ, Shu L, Yan W, Guerrero T, Kent M, Skorupski K, Chen H, Chen X (2011) Translational repression of p53 by RNPC1, a p53 target overexpressed in lymphomas. Genes Dev 25(14):1528–1543. https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.2069311
Zhang Y, Qian Y, Zhang J, Yan W, Jung YS, Chen M, Huang E, Lloyd K, Duan Y, Wang J, Liu G, Chen X (2017) Ferredoxin reductase is critical for p53-dependent tumor suppression via iron regulatory protein 2. Genes Dev 31(12):1243–1256. https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.299388.117
Zhang M, Zhang Y, Xu E, Mohibi S, de Anda DM, Jiang Y, Zhang J, Chen X (2018) Rbm24, a target of p53, is necessary for proper expression of p53 and heart development. Cell Death Differ 25(6):1118–1130. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41418-017-0029-8
Peritz T, Zeng F, Kannanayakal TJ, Kilk K, Eiriksdottir E, Langel U, Eberwine J (2006) Immunoprecipitation of mRNA-protein complexes. Nat Protoc 1(2):577–580. https://doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2006.82
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 The Author(s)
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Lucchesi, C., Mohibi, S., Chen, X. (2021). Measuring Translation Efficiency by RNA Immunoprecipitation of Translation Initiation Factors. In: Manfredi, J.J. (eds) Cell Cycle Checkpoints. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2267. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1217-0_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1217-0_5
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-0716-1216-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-0716-1217-0
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols