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The Genus Shigella

  • SECTION 3.3 Gamma Subclass
  • Reference work entry
  • First Online:
The Prokaryotes

Introduction

Shigella is a Gram-negative, nonmotile, nonsporeforming, non-lactose-fermenting, facultatively anaerobic bacillus belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae. It causes bacillary dysentery or shigellosis, as do enteroinvasive Escherichia coli strains (EIEC). The disease naturally occurs only in humans and primates. It is characterized, in its classical form, by acute colonic and rectal mucosal inflammation that leads to the triad of the dysenteric syndrome: fever, intestinal cramps, and passage of blood and mucus in diarrheal stools. Shigella dysenteriae 1 was the first of the four Shigellaspecies to be described in 1898 by the Japanese microbiologist K. Shiga, thus the name of Shiga bacillus. The four species share several major characteristics such as lack of motility, optimal growth at 37°C, oxidase-negative character, and lack of growth in synthetic media containing salts and a simple carbon source, unless glucose and nicotinic acid are added. Some isolates may...

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Authors
  1. Yves Germani
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  2. Philippe J. Sansonetti
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology University of Minnesota, University of Minnesota, 196, Minneapolis, MN, 55455-0312, USA

    Martin Dworkin

  2. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University Medical School, 299 Campus Drive, Fairchild, Stanford, CA, 94305-5124, USA

    Stanley Falkow

  3. Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Ramat-Aviv, Israel

    Eugene Rosenberg

  4. Department of Microbiology, Technical University Munich, 80290, Munich, Germany

    Karl-Heinz Schleifer

  5. DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures GmbH, Mascheroder Weg 1b, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany

    Erko Stackebrandt

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Germani, Y., Sansonetti, P.J. (2006). The Genus Shigella. In: Dworkin, M., Falkow, S., Rosenberg, E., Schleifer, KH., Stackebrandt, E. (eds) The Prokaryotes. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-30746-X_6

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