Definition
In psychology, the term association refers to a connection between different elementary mental entities (sensations, thoughts, feelings) (Dudai 2004). Aside from innate, reflex-like associations, novel associations are typically acquired during learning. In Pavlovian/classical conditioning, a stimulus-stimulus association is formed by repetitively pairing an initially neutral conditioned stimulus with a biologically significant unconditioned stimulus that triggers an unconditioned behavioral response. In instrumental/operant conditioning, a stimulus–response association is formed under the presence of a reinforcer. Reinforcers can be either positive, resulting in an increase in the probability of a response to the stimulus. Positive reinforcers are rewards, such as water, food, money, and brain stimulation reward. Reinforcers can also be negative (e.g., footshocks, airpuffs, money loss), decreasing the probability of a response to the stimulus. If the reinforcer is removed,...
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Acknowledgment
Supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 779) and the Europäischer Fond für regionale Entwicklung (EFRE 2007–2013).
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Brosch, M. (2013). Associations and Rewards in Auditory Cortex. In: Jaeger, D., Jung, R. (eds) Encyclopedia of Computational Neuroscience. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7320-6_105-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7320-6_105-4
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Associations and Rewards in the Auditory Cortex- Published:
- 01 September 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7320-6_105-5
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Associations and Rewards in Auditory Cortex- Published:
- 01 March 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7320-6_105-4