Definition
Ground shaking at a site depends on the earthquake source and mostly on local geological conditions (site amplification effect), which increase or decrease the level of shaking compared with standard energy attenuation, in laterally homogeneous media. To deal properly with local geological conditions, the use of standard attenuation relations may be misleading (Molchan et al. 2011).
Using the specific knowledge about geological structures and geotechnical engineering properties described in the cartographic material available for any area of interest, earthquake ground motion scenarios can be computed varying the earthquake source position, mechanism, and magnitude based on advanced physical modeling and minimize the above-mentioned drawback (NDSHA method or Neo-Deterministic Seismic Hazard Assessment), e.g. see Panza et al. 2011. The three-component synthetic seismograms, computed, with a broadband content and in laterally inelastic...
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References
Costanzo MR, Nunziata C, Gambale V (2013) Cap. 4, VS crustal models and spectral amplification effects in the L’Aquila basin (Italy). In: D’amico S (ed) Engineering seismology, geotechnical and structural earthquake engineering. Intech Publisher, Rijeka, Croatia, pp 79–99. www.intechopen.com
Molchan G, Kronrod T, Panza GF (2011) Hot/cold spots in Italian macroseismic data. Pure Appl Geophys 168:739–752
Nunziata C, De Nisco G, Costanzo MR (2012) Cap. 6, Active and passive experiments for S-wave velocity measurements in urban areas. In: D’amico S (ed) Earthquake research and analysis – new frontiers in seismology. Intech Publisher, Rijeka, Croatia, pp 177–194. www.intechopen.com
Panza GF, La Mura C, Romanelli F, Vaccari F (2011) Earthquakes,strong-ground motion. In: Encyclopedia of solid earth geophysics, vol 1. Springer, New York, pp 252–260
Panza GF, La Mura C, Peresan A, Romanelli F, Vaccari F (2012) Seismic hazard scenarios as preventive tools for a disaster resilient society. In: Dmowska R (ed) Advances in geophysics. Elsevier, London, pp 93–165
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Panza, G.F., Nunziata, C. (2018). Ground Shaking. In: Bobrowsky, P., Marker, B. (eds) Encyclopedia of Engineering Geology. Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12127-7_149-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12127-7_149-1
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