Synonyms
Gastric xanthoma
Definition
Gastric xanthelasma is a sharply demarcated yellowish accumulation of lipid-containing macrophages (xanthomatous cells) within the gastric mucosa. They may develop in the setting of cholestasis and hypercholesterolemia.
Clinical Features
Prevalence
The reported prevalence of upper gastrointestinal xanthelasma is 0.23%. Approximately 76% of the lesions are located in the stomach, particularly in the antrum and the pyloric region (70%).
Age
The incidence increases with age, reaching the highest values between 40 and 60 years of age.
Sex
Xanthelasma seems to be more frequent in women, though there are some discrepancies in the literatures regarding gender predilection.
Site
Most lesions localize in the antrum and the pylorus.
Treatment
The lesion itself does not cause symptoms and does not need treatment. However, it is often associated with duodenal reflux, chronic gastritis, gastric surgery, or even cancer. The treatment of the primary...
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References and Further Reading
Gürsoy, S., Yurci, A., Torun, E., Soyuer, I., Güven, K., Ozbakir, O., & Yücesoy, M. (2005). An uncommon lesion: gastric xanthelasma. The Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology, 16(3), 167–170.
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© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG
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Wen, X. (2017). Gastric Xanthelasma. In: Carneiro, F., Chaves, P., Ensari, A. (eds) Pathology of the Gastrointestinal Tract. Encyclopedia of Pathology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40560-5_1693
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40560-5_1693
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Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
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Online ISBN: 978-3-319-40560-5
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