Historical Background
The cytoplasm of all eukaryotic cells is organized into a complex set of membrane-bound organelles with defined protein and lipid composition. Proteins and lipids of the endocytic and exocytic pathways are transported between these compartments by small vesicles and tubules which pinch off from one compartment and fuse with another and so deliver their contents. The budding of vesicles and tubules from membranes is driven by the recruitment of coat protein complexes from the cytoplasm. Coat complexes have two main functions in this process: First, they select cargo proteins to be packaged into the vesicle, and second, they recruit accessory proteins that help deform the membrane into a bud and bind machinery required for vesicle fission.
In mammalian cells, there are five related adaptor protein (AP) complexes (AP-1 through 5) (Hirst et al. 2011). Each complex is localized to a specific post-Golgi compartment and is required for the transport of a defined set of...
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Peden, A.A. (2018). AP-3. In: Choi, S. (eds) Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67199-4_548
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67199-4_548
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