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Diversity of Floral Glands and Their Secretions in Pollinator Attraction

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Co-Evolution of Secondary Metabolites

Part of the book series: Reference Series in Phytochemistry ((RSP))

Abstract

Floral glands that produce substances related to the attraction and reward of pollinators are crucial for the reproductive success of angiosperms. These structures may include nectaries, osmophores, elaiophores, and resin glands and are quite diverse in flowering plants. This chapter presents the diversity of morphologies and substances produced by the floral glands and how they improve the pollinator’s attraction. We also describe how some angiosperms and floral visitors may have coevolved leading to specific pollination systems in some groups of plants. The integration of morphological, chemical, and ecological studies allows for a better understanding of the relationships that evolved between flowers and pollinators along their evolutionary histories. These comprehensive approaches provide opportunities to dissect the evolution of secondary metabolites produced by specialized secretory structures in flowers, including the origin and subsequent modification of these glands and their produced compounds.

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Abbreviations

CRC:

Crabs claw

ER:

Endoplasmic reticulum

TS:

Transversal section

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Acknowledgments

This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, Brasil (CAPES), Finance Code 001. ACA is grateful to FAPESP for funding research assistance under process No. 2012/51781-0. We thank K. B. Gagliardi, N. Streher, R. Jahn, D. L. Borges, and L. Eggers for contributing photos.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas – UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil

    Elisabeth Dantas Tölke & Ana Cláudia Alencar

  2. Department of Botany, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo – USP, São Paulo, Brazil

    Natalie do Valle Capelli & Diego Demarco

  3. Department of Botany, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rio Grande – FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil

    Tamara Pastori

  4. Institute of Biology, Structural and Functional Plant Diversity Group, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany

    Theodor C. H. Cole

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Correspondence to Elisabeth Dantas Tölke .

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  2. Botany Department, Mohanlal Sukhadia University Botany Department, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India

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Tölke, E.D., Capelli, N.d.V., Pastori, T., Alencar, A.C., Cole, T.C.H., Demarco, D. (2019). Diversity of Floral Glands and Their Secretions in Pollinator Attraction. In: Merillon, JM., Ramawat, K. (eds) Co-Evolution of Secondary Metabolites. Reference Series in Phytochemistry. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76887-8_48-3

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    Diversity of Floral Glands and Their Secretions in Pollinator Attraction
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    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76887-8_48-3

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    07 March 2019

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76887-8_48-2

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    Diversity of Floral Glands and Their Secretions in Pollinator Attraction
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    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76887-8_48-1

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