Atopic Dermatitis

Definition

A chronic, relapsing inflammatory skin disorder caused by hypersensitivity to common allergens; usually seen in individuals with a personal or family history of other atopic disorders such as asthma and allergic rhinitis.

Etiology

The precise etiology is unknown, but is likely related to IgE sensitization and disruption of epithelial barrier function. It is commonly seen in conjunction with other allergic conditions, including food allergy, asthma, and allergic rhinitis. Flares are often associated with stress, seasonal changes, and staphylococcal colonization. Patients with eyelid dermatitis frequently have associated disorders, including allergic contact dermatitis.

Clinical Presentation

Patients traditionally present with eczematous eyelid lesions associated with intense pruritus, xerosis, and lichenification. Lesions tend to be bilateral and symmetric. Other commonly affected areas include the cheeks, perioral region, antecubital fossae, and popliteal flexures. Patients...