1 Introduction
When a vapor comes into contact with a surface, the temperature of which is below the temperature of thermodynamic equilibrium, the vapor at this surface turns from the gaseous state to the liquid state. This process is known as condensation. Associated with the change of aggregate status is a significant production of heat.
If the condensation is caused by direct contact with the liquid phase, it is referred to as mixed or injection condensation. In the case of sufficient supercooling of the vapor and/or in the presence of condensation nuclei (e.g., tiny dust particles, small droplets), a mist can already be formed in the gas phase through spontaneous condensation.
Technically relevant in most applications is indirect condensation on cooled solid surfaces. Here, drops of liquid first start to form around individual condensation nuclei, becoming larger as the condensation process proceeds. This is known as drop condensation. If boundary layer conditions exist, which...
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9 Bibliography
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Numrich, R., Müller, J. (2010). J1 Filmwise Condensation of Pure Vapors. In: VDI Heat Atlas. VDI-Buch. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77877-6_58
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