This term describes the parasite-stimulated alteration of the behavior of a host from being just a host. This host offers food to parasitic stages during their development inside its body and later protects these parasites even after they have left its body from attacks of free-living predators. This type of parasitic manipulation is mainly described from parasitoids (like wasps), which spent part time of their juvenile development inside caterpillars, which later defend by help of threatening body movements the pupal stages of the wasps after the larvae had left its body.
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Further Reading
Maure F et al (2013) Diversity and evolution of bodyguard manipulation. J Exp Biol 216:36–42
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Mehlhorn, H. (2015). Bodyguard Manipulations. In: Mehlhorn, H. (eds) Encyclopedia of Parasitology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27769-6_3759-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27769-6_3759-1
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Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
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