Introduction
Hypersaline environments are widely distributed on our planet and they are mainly represented by saline lakes and other water systems as well as saline soils. Microorganisms that inhabit those habitats are designated as halophiles and they are extremophilic organisms that must cope not only with the high ionic composition but also other environmental factors such as alkaline pH values, low oxygen availability, high or low temperatures, presence of heavy metals and/or other toxic compounds, etc. (Oren 2002; Ventosa 2006).
The relationships of different microorganisms with salt have been studied in detail and several classifications have been proposed. In this chapter, we will adopt the approach proposed by Kuhsner and Kamekura (1988) that is widely used by most scientists. This classification is based on the optimal growth of microorganisms with respect to the concentration of NaCl. Thus, two main physiological groups of halophiles can be found in hypersaline environments:...
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Abed RM, Garcia-Pichel F, Hernández-Mariné M (2002) Polyphasic characterization of benthic, moderately halophilic, moderately thermophilic cyanobacteria with very thin trichomes and the proposal of Halomicronema excentricum gen. nov., sp. nov. Arch Microbiol 177:361–370
Abraham WR, Strömpl C, Bennasar A, Vancanneyt M, Snauwaert C, Swings J, Smit J, Moore ERB (2002) Phylogeny of Maricaulis Abraham et al. 1999 and proposal of Maricaulis virginensis sp. nov., M. parjimensis sp. nov., M. washingtonensis sp. nov. and M. salignorans sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52:2191–2201
Abraham WR, Strömpl C, Vancanneyt M, Bennasar A, Swings J, Lünsdorf H, Smit J, Moore ERB (2004) Woodsholea maritima gen. nov., sp. nov., a marine bacterium with a low diversity of polar lipids. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54:1227–1234
Adkins JP, Madigan MT, Mandelco L, Woese CR, Tanner RS (1993) Arhodomonas aquaeolei gen. nov., sp. nov., an aerobic, halophilic bacterium isolated from a subterranean brine. Int J Syst Bacteriol 43:514–520
Aguilera M, Jiménez-Pranteda ML, Kharroub K, González-Paredes A, Durban JJ, Russell NJ, Ramos-Cormenzana A, Monteoliva-Sánchez M (2009) Marinobacter lacisalsi sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from the saline-wetland wildfowl reserve Fuente de Piedra in southern Spain. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:1691–1695
Aino K, Hirota K, Matsuno T, Morita N, Nodasaka Y, Fujiwara T, Matsuyama H, Yoshimune K, Yumoto I (2008) Bacillus polygoni sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, nom-motile obligate alkaliphile isolated from indigo balls. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:120–128
Albuquerque L, Tiago I, Rainey FA, Taborda M, Nobre MF, Veríssimo A, da Costa MS (2007) Salirhabdus euzebyi gen. nov., sp. nov., a Gram-positive, halotolerant bacterium isolated from a sea salt evaporation pond. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:1566–1571
Albuquerque L, Tiago I, Taborda M, Nobre MF, Veríssimo A, da Costa MS (2008) Bacillus isabeliae sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium isolated from a sea salt evaporation pond. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:226–230
Allen MA, Goh F, Leuko S, Echigo A, Mizuki T, Usami R, Kamekura M, Neilan BA, Burns BP (2008) Haloferax elongans sp. nov. and Haloferax mucosum sp. nov., isolated from microbial mats from Hamelin Pool, Shark Bay, Australia. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:798–802
Al-Tai AM, Ruan JS (1994) Nocardiopsis halophila sp. nov., a new halophilic actinomycete isolated from soil. Int J Syst Bacteriol 44:474–478
Altenburger P, Kämpfer P, Schumann P, Vybiral D, Lubitz W, Busse H-J (2002) Georgenia muralis gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel actinobacterium isolated from a medieval wall painting. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52:875–881
Al-Zarban SS, Al-Musallam AA, Abbas I, Stackebrandt E, Kroppenstedt RM (2002) Saccharomonospora halophila sp. nov., a novel halophilic actinomycete isolated from marsh soil in Kuwait. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52:555–558
Amoozegar MA, Malekzadeh F, Malik KA, Schumann P, Spröer C (2003) Halobacillus karajensis sp. nov., a novel moderate halophile. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 53:1059–1063
Amoozegar MA, Schumann P, Hajighasemi M, Ashengroph M, Razavi MR (2008a) Salinicoccus iranensis sp. nov., a novel moderate halophile. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:178–183
Amoozegar MA, Schumann P, Hajighasemi M, Zahra Fatemi A, Reza Karbalaei-Heidari H (2008b) Salinivibrio proteolyticus sp. nov., a moderately halophilic and proteolytic species from a hypersaline lake in Iran. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:1159–1163
Amoozegar MA, Sánchez-Porro C, Rohban R, Hajighasemi M, Ventosa A (2009) Bacillus persepolensis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium from a hypersaline lake. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:2352–2358
Anan’ina LN, Plotnikova EG, Gavrish EY, Demakov VA, Evtushenko LI (2007) Salinicola socius gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium from a naphthalene-utilizing microbial association. Microbiology 76:324–330
Anil Kumar P, Sasi Jyothsna TS, Srinivas TNR, Sasikala C, Ramana CV, Imhoff JF (2007) Marichromatium bheemlicum sp. nov., a non-diazotrophic, photosynthetic gammaproteobacterium from a marine aquaculture pond. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:1261–1265
Antón J, Oren A, Benlloch S, Rodríguez-Valera F, Amann R, Rosselló-Mora R (2002) Salinibacter ruber gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel, extremely halophilic member of the Bacteria from saltern crystallizer ponds. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52:485–491
Antunes A, Eder W, Fareleira P, Santos H, Huber R (2003) Salinisphaera shabanensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel, moderately halophilic bacterium from the brine-seawater interface of the Shaban Deep, Red Sea. Extremophiles 7:29–34
Antunes A, Franca L, Rainey FA, Huber R, Nobre MF, Edwards KJ, da Costa MS (2007) Marinobacter salsuginis sp. nov., isolated from the brine–seawater interface of the Shaban Deep, Red Sea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:1035–1040
Antunes A, Rayney FA, Wanner G, Taborda M, Pätzold J, Nobre MF, da Costa M, Huber R (2008a) A new lineage of halophilic, wall-less, contractile bacteria from a brine-filled deep of the Red Sea. J Bacteriol 190:3580–3587
Antunes A, Taborda M, Huber R, Moissl C, Nobre MF, da Costa MS (2008b) Halorhabdus tiamatea sp. nov., a non-pigmented, extremely halophilic archaeon from a deep-sea, hypersaline anoxic basin of the Red Sea, and emended description of the genus Halorhabdus. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:215–220
Arahal DR, Márquez MC, Volcani BE, Schleifer KH, Ventosa A (1999) Bacillus marismortui sp. nov., a new moderately halophilic species from the Dead Sea. Int J Syst Bacteriol 49:521–530
Arahal DR, García MT, Ludwig W, Schleifer KH, Ventosa A (2001a) Transfer of Halomonas canadensis and Halomonas israelensis to the genus Chromohalobacter as Chromohalobacter canadensis comb. nov. and Chromohalobacter israelensis comb. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 51:1443–1448
Arahal DR, García MT, Vargas C, Cánovas D, Nieto JJ, Ventosa A (2001b) Chromohalobacter salexigens sp. nov., a moderately halophilic species that includes Halomonas elongata DSM 3043 and ATCC 33174. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 51:1457–1462
Arahal DR, Castillo AM, Ludwig W, Schleifer KH, Ventosa A (2002a) Proposal of Cobetia marina gen. nov., comb. nov., within the family Halomonadaceae, to include the species Halomonas marina. Syst Appl Microbiol 25:207–211
Arahal DR, Ludwig W, Schleifer KH, Ventosa A (2002b) Phylogeny of the family Halomonadaceae based on 23S and 16S rDNA sequence analyses. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52:241–249
Arahal DR, Vreeland RH, Litchfield CD, Mormile MR, Tindall BJ, Oren A, Bejar V, Quesada E, Ventosa A (2007) Recommended minimal standards for describing new taxa of the family Halomonadaceae. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:2436–2446
Arenas M, Bañón PI, Copa-Patiño JL, Sánchez-Porro C, Ventosa A, Soliveri J (2009) Halomonas ilicicola sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a saltern. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:578–582
Asker D, Ohta Y (2002) Haloferax alexandrinus sp. nov., an extremely halophilic canthaxanthin-producing archaeon from a solar saltern in Alexandria (Egypt). Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52:729–738
Aslam Z, Lim JH, Im W-T, Yasir M, Chung YR, Lee ST (2007) Salinicoccus jeotgali sp. nov., isolated from jeotgal, a traditional Korean fermented seafood. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:633–638
Auman AJ, Breezee JL, Gosink JJ, Kämpfer P, Staley JT (2006) Psychromonas ingrahamii sp. nov., a novel gas vacuolate, psychrophilic bacterium isolated from Arctic polar sea ice. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:1001–1007
Baik KS, Seong CN, Kim EM, Yi H, Bae KS, Chun J (2005) Hahella ganghwensis sp. nov., isolated from tidal flat sediment. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:681–684
Baik KS, Park YD, Seong CN, Kim EM, Bae KS, Chun J (2006) Glaciecola nitratireducens sp. nov., isolated from seawater. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56: 2185–2188
Banciu H, Sorokin DY, Galinski EA, Muyzer G, Kleerebezem R, Kuenen JG (2004) Thialkalivibrio halophilus sp. nov., a novel obligately chemolithoautotrophic, facultatively alkaliphilic, and extremely salt-tolerant, sulfur-oxidizing bacterium from a hypersaline alkaline lake. Extremophiles 8:325–334
Banciu HL, Sorokin DY, Tourova TP, Galinski EA, Muntyan MS, Kuenen JG, Muyzer G (2008) Influence of salts and pH on growth and activity of a novel facultatively alkaliphilic, extremely salt-tolerant, obligately chemolithoautotrophic sufur-oxidizing Gammaproteobacterium Thioalkalibacter halophilus gen. nov., sp. nov. from South-Western Siberian soda lakes. Extremophiles 12:391–404
Baumann L, Bowditch RD, Baumann P (1983) Description of Deleya gen. nov. created to accommodate the marine species Alcaligenes aestus, A. pacificus, A. cupidus, A. venustus, and Pseudomonas marina. Int J Syst Bacteriol 33:793–802
Becking JH (1978) Environmental role of nitrogen fixing blue-green algae and asymbiotic bacteria. Ecol Bull 26:226–281
Belyakova EV, Rozanova EP, Borzenkov IA, Tourova TP, Pusheva MA, Lysenko AM, Kolganova TV (2006) The new facultatively chemolithoautotrophic, moderately halophilic, sulfate-reducing bacterium Desulfovermiculus halophilus gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from an oil field. Microbiology 75:161–171
Ben Ali Gam Z, Abdelkafi S, Casalot L, Tholozan JL, Oueslati R, Labat M (2007) Modicisalibacter tunisiensis gen. nov., sp. nov., an aerobic, moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from an oilfield-water injection sample, and emended description of the family Halomonadaceae Franzmann et al. 1989 emend Dobson and Franzmann 1996 emend. Ntougias et al. 2007. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:2307–2313
Ben Dhia Thabet O, Fardeau ML, Suarez-Nuñez C, Hamdi M, Thomas P, Ollivier B, Alazard D (2007) Desulfovibrio marinus sp. nov., a moderately halophilic sulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from marine sediments in Tunisia. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:2167–2170
Berendes F, Gottschalk G, Heine-Dobbernack E, Moore ERB, Tindall BJ (1996) Halomonas desiderata sp. nov., a new alkaliphilic, halotolerant and denitrifying bacterium isolated from a municipal sewage works. Syst Appl Microbiol 19:158–167
Bhupathiraju VK, Oren A, Sharma PK, Tanner RS, Woese CR, Mclnerney MJ (1994) Haloanaerobium salsugo sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, anaerobic bacterium from a subterranean brine. Int J Syst Bacteriol 44:565–572
Bhupathiraju VK, Mclnerney MJ, Woese CR, Tanner RS (1999) Haloanaerobium kushnerii sp. nov., an obligately halophilic, anaerobic bacterium from an oil brine. Int J Syst Bacteriol 49:953–960
Boldareva EN, Bryantseva IA, Tsapin A, Nelson K, Sorokin DY, Tourova TP, Boichenko VA, Stadnichuk IN, Gorlenko V (2007) The new alkaliphilic bacteriochlorophyll a-containing bacterium Roseinatronobacter monicus sp. nov. from the hypersaline soda Mono Lake (California, United States). Microbiology 76:82–92
Boltyanskaya YV, Kevbrin VV, Lysenko AM, Kolganova TV, Tourova TP, Osipov GA, Zhilina TN (2007) Halomonas mongoliensis sp. nov. and Halomonas kenyensis sp. nov., new haloalkaliphilic denitrifiers capable of N2O reduction, isolated from soda lakes. Microbiology 76:739–747
Boone DR, Mathrani IM, Liu Y, Menaia JAGF, Mah RA, Boone JE (1993) Isolation and characterization of Methanohalophilus portucalensis sp. nov. and DNA reassociation study of the genus Methanohalophilus. Int J Syst Bacteriol 43:430–437
Boone DR, Baker CC (2001) Genus VI. Methanosalsum gen. nov. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds) Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology, vol 1, 2nd edn, The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria. Springer, New York, pp 287–289
Boone DR, Whitman WB, Koga Y (2001) Order III. Methanosarcinales ord. nov. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds) Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology, vol 1, 2nd edn, The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria. Springer, New York, pp 287–289
Borsodi AK, Márialigeti K, Szabó G, Palatinszky M, Pollák B, Kéki Z, Kovács AL, Schumann P, Tóth EM (2008) Bacillus aurantiacus sp. nov., an alkaliphilic and moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from Hungarian soda lakes. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:845–851
Bouchotroch S, Quesada E, Del Moral A, Llamas I, Béjar V (2001) Halomonas maura sp. nov., a novel moderately halophilic, exopolysaccharide-producing bacterium. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 51:1625–1632
Bowman JP, McCammon SA, Lewis T, Skerratt JH, Brown JL, Nichols DS, McMeekin TA (1998) Psychroflexus torquis gen. nov., sp. nov., a psychrophilic species from Antarctic sea ice, and reclassification of Flavobacterium gondwanense (Dobson et al. 1993) as Psychroflexus gondwanense gen. nov., comb. nov. Microbiology 144:1601–1609
Brandt KK, Patel BKC, Ingvorsen K (1999) Desulfocella halophila gen. nov., sp. nov., a halophilic, fatty-acid-oxidizing, sulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from sediments of the Great Salt Lake. Int J Syst Bacteriol 49:193–200
Brenner DJ, Krieg NR, Staley JT, Garrity GM (2005) Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology, 2nd edn, vol 2 (The Proteobacteria). Springer, New York
Brettar I, Christen R, Höfle MG (2003) Idiomarina baltica sp. nov., a marine bacterium with a high optimum growth temperature isolated from surface water of the central Baltic Sea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 53:407–413
Brock TD (1976) Halophilic-blue-green algae. Arch Microbiol 107:109–111
Buchanan RE (1917) Studies in the nomenclature and classification of the bacteria. II. The primary subdivisions of the schizomycetes. J Bacteriol 2:155–164
Burns DG, Janssen PH, Itoh T, Kamekura M, Li Z, Jensen G, Rodríguez-Valera F, Bolhuis H, Dyall-Smith ML (2007) Haloquadratum walsbyi gen. nov., sp. nov., the square haloarchaeon of Walsby, isolated from saltern crystallizers in Australia and Spain. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:387–392
Cai M, Zhi XY, Tang SK, Zhang YQ, Xu LH, Li WJ (2008) Streptomonospora halophila sp. nov., a halophilic actinomycete isolated from a hypersaline soil. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:1556–1560
Cai M, Tang SK, Chen YG, Li Y, Zhang YQ, Li WJ (2009) Streptomonospora amylolytica sp. nov. and Streptomonospora flavalba sp. nov., two novel halophilic actinomycetes isolated from a salt lake. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:2471–2475
Canovas D, Vargas C, Csonka LN, Ventosa A, Nieto JJ (1996) Osmoprotectants in Halomonas elongata: high-affinity betaine transport system and choline betaine pathway. J Bacteriol 178:7221–7226
Canovas D, Vargas C, Calderón MI, Ventosa A, Nieto JJ (1998a) Characterization of the genes for the biosynthesis of the compatible solute ectoine in the moderately halophilic bacterium Halomonas elongata DSM 3043. Syst Appl Microbiol 21:487–497
Canovas D, Vargas C, Csonka LN, Ventosa A, Nieto JJ (1998b) Synthesis of glycine betaine from exogenous choline in the moderately halophilic bacterium Halomonas elongata. Appl Environ Microbiol 64:4095–4097
Canovas D, Vargas C, Kneip S, Morón M-J, Ventosa A, Bremer E, Nieto JJ (2000) Genes for the synthesis of the osmoprotectant glycine betaine from choline in the moderately halophilic bacterium Halomonas elongata DSM 3043. Microbiology 146:455–463
Cao S-J, Qu J-H, Yang J-S, Sun Q, Yuan H-L (2008) Halolactibacillus alkaliphilus sp. nov., a moderately alkaliphilic and halophilic bacterium isolated from a soda lake in Inner Mongolia, China, and emended description of the genus Halolactibacillus. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:2169–2173
Carrasco IJ, Márquez MC, Xue Y, Ma Y, Cowan DA, Jones BJ, Grant WD, Ventosa A (2006) Gracilibacillus orientalis sp. nov., a novel moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a salt lake in Inner Mongolia, China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:599–604
Carrasco IJ, Márquez MC, Xue Y, Ma Y, Cowan DA, Jones BJ, Grant WD, Ventosa A (2007a) Bacillus chagannoriensis sp. nov., a moderate halophile from a soda lake in Inner Mongolia, China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:2084–2088
Carrasco IJ, Márquez MC, Xue Y, Ma Y, Cowan DA, Jones BJ, Grant WD, Ventosa A (2007b) Salsuginibacillus kocurii gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium from soda-lake sediment. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:2381–2386
Carrasco IJ, Márquez MC, Xue Y, Ma Y, Cowan DA, Jones BJ, Grant WD, Ventosa A (2008) Sediminibacillus halophilus gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, Gram-positive bacterium from a hypersaline lake. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:1961–1967
Carrasco IJ, Márquez MC, Ventosa A (2009) Virgibacillus salinus sp. nov., a novel moderately halophilic bacterium from sediment of a saline lake. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:3068–3073
Castenholz RW (2001) General characteristics of the cyanobacteria. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW (eds) Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology, vol 1, 2nd edn. Springer, New York, pp 474–487
Castillo AM, Gutiérrez MC, Kamekura M, Ma Y, Cowan DA, Jones BE, Grant WD, Ventosa A (2006a) Halovivax asiaticus gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel extremely halophilic archaeon isolated from Inner Mongolia, China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:765–770
Castillo AM, Gutiérrez MC, Kamekura M, Xue Y, Ma Y, Cowan DA, Jones BE, Grant WD, Ventosa A (2006b) Halostagnicola larsenii gen. nov., sp. nov., an extremely halophilic archaeon from a saline lake in Inner Mongolia, China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:1519–1524
Castillo AM, Gutiérrez MC, Kamekura M, Xue Y, Ma Y, Cowan DA, Jones BE, Grant WD, Ventosa A (2006c) Halorubrum orientale sp. nov., a halophilic archaeon isolated from Lake Ejinor, Inner Mongolia, China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:2559–2563
Castillo AM, Gutiérrez MC, Kamekura M, Xue Y, Ma Y, Cowan DA, Jones BE, Grant WD, Ventosa A (2006d) Natrinema ejinorense sp. nov., isolated from a saline lake in Inner Mongolia, China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:2683–2687
Castillo AM, Gutiérrez MC, Kamekura M, Xue Y, Ma Y, Cowan DA, Jones BE, Grant WD, Ventosa A (2007a) Halovivax ruber sp. nov., an extremely halophilic archaeon isolated from Lake Xilinhot, Inner Mongolia, China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:1024–1027
Castillo AM, Gutiérrez MC, Kamekura M, Xue Y, Ma Y, Cowan DA, Jones BE, Grant WD, Ventosa A (2007b) Halorubrum ejinorense sp. nov., isolated from Lake Ejinor, Inner Mongolia, China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:2538–2542
Caumette P, Cohen Y, Matheron R (1991) Isolation and characterization of Desulfovibrio halophilus sp. nov., a halophilic sulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from Solar Lake (Sinai). Syst Appl Microbiol 14:33–38
Cavalier-Smith T (2002) The neomuran origin of archaebacteria, the negibacterial root of the universal tree and bacterial megaclassification. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52:7–76
Cayol J-L, Ollivier B, Lawson AS et al (1994a) Haloincola saccharolytica subsp. senegalensis subsp. nov., isolated from the sediments of a hypersaline lake, and emended description of Haloincola saccharolytica. Int J Syst Bacteriol 44:805–811
Cayol J-L, Ollivier B, Patel BKC, Prensier G, Guezennec J, Garcia J-L (1994b) Isolation and characterization of Halothermothrix orenii gen. nov., sp. nov., a halophilic, thermophilic, fermentative, strictly anaerobic bacterium. Int J Syst Bacteriol 44:534–540
Cayol J-L, Ollivier B, Batel BKC, Ageron E, Grimont PAD, Prensier G, García J-L (1995) Haloanaerobium lacusroseus sp. nov., an extremely halophilic fermentative bacterium from the sediments of a hypersaline lake. Int J Syst Bacteriol 45:790–797
Chamroensaksri N, Tanasupawat S, Akaracharanya A, Visessanguan W, Kudo T, Itoh T (2009) Salinivibrio siamensis sp. nov., from fermented fish (pla-ra) in Thailand. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:880–885
Chang HW, Nam YD, Kwon HY, Park JR, Lee JS, Yoon JH, An KG, Bae JW (2007) Marinobacterium halophilum sp. nov., a marine bacterium isolated from the Yellow Sea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:77–80
Chen H-H, Li W-J, Tang S-K, Kroppenstedt RM, Stackebrandt E, Xu L-H, Jiang C-L (2004) Corynebacterium halotolerans sp. nov., isolated from saline soil in the west of China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54:779–782
Chen Y-G, Cui X-L, Pukall R, Li H-M, Yang Y-L, Xu L-H, Wen M-L, Peng Q, Jiang C-L (2007) Salinicoccus kunmingensis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a salt mine. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:2327–2332
Chen Y-G, Cui X-L, Fritze D, Chai L-H, Schumann P, Wen M-L, Wang Y-X, Xu L-H, Jiang C-L (2008a) Virgibacillus kekensis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a salt lake in China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:647–653
Chen Y-G, Cui X-L, Zhang Y-Q, Li W-J, Wang Y-X, Xu L-H, Peng Q, Wen M-L, Jiang C-L (2008b) Gracilibacillus halophilus sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from saline soil. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:2403–2408
Chen Y-G, Cui X-L, Li Q-Y, Wang Y-X, Tang S-K, Liu Z-X, Wen M-L, Peng Q, Xu L-H (2009a) Saccharospirillum salsuginis sp. nov., a gammaproteobacterium from a subterranean brine. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:1382–1386
Chen Y-G, Cui X-L, Wang Y-X, Zhang Y-Q, Li Q-Y, Liu Z-X, Wen M-L, Peng Q, Li W-J (2009b) Salinicoccus albus sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium from a salt mine. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:874–879
Chen Y-G, Cui X-L, Wang Y-X, Zhang Y-Q, Tang S-K, Li Q-Y, Liu Z-X, Wen M-L, Peng Q (2009c) Virgibacillus sediminis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium solated from a salt lake in China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:2058–2063
Chen Y-G, Cui X-L, Zhang Y-Q, Li W-J, Wang Y-X, Xu L-H, Wen M-L, Peng Q, Jiang C-L (2009d) Paraliobacillus quinghaiensis sp. nov., isolated from salt-lake sediment in China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:28–33
Chen Y-G, Wang Y-X, Zhang Y-Q, Tang S-K, Liu Z-X, Xiao HD, Xu L-H, Cui X-L, Li WJ (2009e) Nocardiopsis litoralis sp. nov., a halophilic marine actinomycete isolated from a sea anemone. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:2708–2713
Chen Y-G, Zhang Y-Q, Huang H-Y, Klenk H-P, Tang S-K, Huang K, Chen Q-H, Cui X-L, Li W-J (2009f) Halomonas zhanjiangensis sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium isolated from a sea urchin. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:2888–2893
Chen Y-G, Zhang Y-Q, Liu Z-X, Zhuang D-C, Klenk H-P, Tang S-K, Cui X-L, Li W-J (2009g) Halobacillus salsuginis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium from a subterranean brine. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:2505–2509
Chen Y-G, Zhang Y-Q, Xiao H-D, Liu Z-X, Yi L-B, Shi J-X, Zhi X-Y, Cui X-L, Li W-J (2009h) Pontibacillus halophilus sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a sea urchin. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:1635–1639
Chisholm SW, Frankeñ SL, Goericke R, Olson RJ, Palenik B, Waterbury JB, West-Johnsrud L, Zettler ER (1992) Prochlorococcus marinus nov. gen. nov. sp.: an oxyphototrophic marine prokaryote containing divinyl chlorophyll a and b. Arch Microbiol 157:297–300
Choi DH, Cho BC (2005) Idiomarina seosinensis sp. nov., isolated from hypersaline water of a solar saltern in Korea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:379–383
Choi DH, Cho BC (2006a) Shimia marina gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel bacterium of the Roseobacter clade isolated from biofilm in a coastal fish farm. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:1869–1873
Choi DH, Cho BC (2006b) Citreimonas salinaria gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the Roseobacter clade isolated from a solar saltern. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:2799–2803
Choi DH, Yi H, Chun J, Cho BC (2006) Jannaschia seosinensis sp. nov., isolated from hypersaline water of a solar saltern in Korea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:45–49
Choi DH, Cho JC, Lanoil BD, Giovannoni SJ, Cho BC (2007) Maribius salinus gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a solar saltern and Maribius pelagius sp. nov., cultured from the Sargasso Sea, belonging to the Roseobacter clade. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:270–275
Choi DH, Noh JH, Lee CM, Rho S (2008) Rubidibacter lacunae gen. nov., sp. nov., a unicellular, phycoerythrin-containing cyanobacterium isolated from seawater of Chuuk lagoon, Micronesia. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:2807–2811
Chun J, Bae KS, Moon EY, Jung SO, Lee HK, Kim SJ (2000) Nocardiopsis kunsanensis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic actinomycete isolated from a saltern. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 50:1909–1913
Cohn F (1872) Untersuchungen über Bakterien. Beitr Biol Pflanz 1:127–244
Collins MD, Lawson PA, Labrenz M, Tindall BJ, Weiss N, Hirsch P (2002) Nesterenkonia lacusekhoensis sp. nov., isolated from hypersaline Ekho Lake, East Antarctica, and emended description of the genus Nesterenkonia. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52:1145–1150
Cui XL, Mao PH, Zeng M, Li WJ, Zhang LP, Xu LH, Jiang CL (2001) Streptimonospora salina gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the family Nocardiopsaceae. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 51:357–363
Cui HL, Tohty D, Feng J, Zhou PJ, Liu SJ (2006a) Natronorubrum aibiense sp. nov., an extremely halophilic archaeon isolated from Aibi salt lake in Xin-Jiang, China, and emended description of the genus Natronorubrum. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:1515–1517
Cui HL, Tohty D, Zhou PJ, Liu SJ (2006b) Halorubrum lipolyticum sp. nov. and Halorubrum aidingense sp. nov., isolated from two salt lakes in Xin-Jiang, China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:1631–1634
Cui HL, Tohty D, Zhou PJ, Liu SJ (2006c) Haloterrigena longa sp. nov. and Haloterrigena limicola sp. nov., extremely halophilic archaea isolated from a salt lake. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:1837–1840
Cui HL, Lin ZY, Dong Y, Zhou PJ, Liu SJ (2007a) Halorubrum litoreum sp. nov., an extremely halophilic archaeon from a solar saltern. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:2204–2206
Cui HL, Tohty D, Liu HC, Liu SJ, Oren A, Zhou PJ (2007b) Natronorubrum sulfidifaciens sp. nov., an extremely haloalkaliphilic archaeon isolated from Aiding salt lake in Xin-Jiang, China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:738–740
Dai X, Wang BJ, Yang QX, Jiao NZ, Liu SJ (2006) Yangia pacifica gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of the Roseobacter clade from coastal sediment of the East China Sea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:529–533
Dang PN, Dang TCH, Lai TH, Stan-Lotter H (1996) Desulfovibrio vietnamensis sp. nov., a halophilic sulfate-reducing bacterium from Vietnamese oil fields. Anaerobe 2:385–392
Davey ME, Wood WA, Key R, Nakamura K, Stahl D (1993) Isolation of three species of Geotoga and Petrotoga: two new genera, representing a new lineage in the bacterial line of descent distantly related to the ‘Thermotogales’.” Syst Appl Microbiol 16:191–200
Davis DH, Doudoroff M, Stanier RY, Mandel M (1969) Proposal to reject the genus Hydrogenomonas: taxonomic implications. Int J Syst Bacteriol 19:375–390
de la Haba RR, Arahal DR, Márquez MC, Ventosa A (2010a) Phylogenetic relationships within the family Halomonadaceae based on 23S and 16S rRNA comparative sequence analysis. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 60:737–748
de la Haba RR, Sánchez-Porro C, Márquez MC, Ventosa A (2010b) Taxonomic study of the genus Salinicola: transfer of Halomonas salaria and Chromohalobacter salarius to the genus Salinicola as Salinicola salarius comb. nov. and Salinicola halophilus nom. nov., respectively. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 60:963–971
Denariaz G, Payne WJ, Gall JL (1989) A halophilic denitrifier, Bacillus halodenitrificans sp., nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 39:145–151
Denger K, Warthmann R, Ludwig W, Schink B (2002) Anaerophaga thermohalophila gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately thermohalophilic, strictly anaerobic fermentative bacterium. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52:173–178
Denner EBM, McGenity TJ, Busse H-J, Grant WD, Wanner G, Stan-Lotter H (1994) Halococcus salifodinae sp. nov., an archaeal Isolate from an Austrian salt mine. Int J Syst Bacteriol 44:774–780
Dimitriu PA, Shukla SK, Conradt J, Márquez MC, Ventosa A, Maglia A, Peyton BM, Pinkart HC, Mormile MR (2005) Nitrincola lacisaponensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel alkaliphilic bacterium isolated from an alkaline, saline lake. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:2273–2278
Dipippo JL, Nesbø CL, Dahle H, Doolittle WF, Birkland NK, Noll KM (2009) Kosmotoga olearia gen. nov., sp. nov., a thermophilic, anaerobic heterotroph isolated from an oil production fluid. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:2991–3000
Dobson SJ, Franzmann PD (1996) Unification of the genera Deleya (Baumann et al. 1983), Halomonas (Vreeland et al. 1980), and Halovibrio (Fendrich 1988) and the species Paracoccus halodenitrificans (Robinson and Gibbons 1952) into a single genus, Halomonas, and placement of the genus Zymobacter in the family Halomonadaceae. Int J Syst Bacteriol 46:550–558
Dobson SJ, James SR, Franzmann PD, McMeekin TA (1990) Emended description of Halomonas halmophila (NCMB 1971T). Int J Syst Bacteriol 40:462–463
Dohrmann AB, Müller V (1999) Chloride dependence of endospore germination in Halobacillus halophilus. Arch Microbiol 172:264–267
Donachie SP, Hou S, Gregory TS, Malahoff A, Alam M (2003) Idiomarina loihiensis sp. nov., a halophilic γ-Proteobacterium from the Lō’ihi submarine volcano, Hawai’i. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 53:1873–1879
Donachie SP, Bowman JP, Alam M (2004) Psychroflexus tropicus sp. nov., an obligately halophilic Cytophaga-Flavobacterium-Bacteroides group bacterium from an Hawaiian hypersaline lake. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54:935–940
Donachie SP, Bowman JP, On SLW, Alam M (2005) Arcobacter halophilus sp. nov., the first obligate halophile in the genus Arcobacter. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:1271–1277
Doronina NV, Trotsenko YA, Tourova TP (2000) Methylarcula marina gen. nov., sp. nov. and Methylarcula terricola sp. nov.: novel aerobic, moderately halophilic, facultatively methylotrophic bacteria from coastal saline environments. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 50:1849–1859
Du ZJ, Zhang DC, Liu SN, Chen JX, Tian XL, Zhang ZN, Liu HC, Chen GJ (2009) Gilvimarinus chinensis gen. nov., sp. nov., an agar-digesting marine bacterium within the class Gammaproteobacteria isolated from coastal seawater in Qingdao, China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:2987–2990
Duckworth AW, Grant WD, Jones BE, Meijer D, Márquez MC, Ventosa A (2000) Halomonas magadii sp. nov., a new member of the genus Halomonas, isolated from a soda lake of the East African rift valley. Extremophiles 4:53–60
Echigo A, Fukushima T, Mizuki T, Kamekura M, Usami R (2007) Halalkalibacillus halophilus gen. nov. sp. nov., a novel moderately halophilic and alkaliphilic bacterium isolated from a non-saline soil sample in Japan. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:1081–1087
Elevi Bardavid RE, Mana L, Oren A (2007) Haloplanus natans gen. nov., sp. nov., an extremely halophilic, gas-vacuolate archaeon isolated from Dead Sea-Red Sea water mixtures in experimental outdoor ponds. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:780–783
Elshahed MS, Savage KN, Oren A, Gutierrez MC, Ventosa A, Krumholz LR (2004) Haloferax sulfurifontis sp. nov., a halophilic archaeon isolated from a sulfide- and sulfur-rich spring. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54:2275–2279
Embley MT, Smida J, Stackebrandt E (1988) The phylogeny of mycolate-less wall chemotype IV Actinomycetes and description of Pseudonocardiaceae fam. nov. Syst Appl Microbiol 11:16–19
Enache M, Itoh T, Kamekura M, Teodosiu G, Dumitru L (2007) Haloferax prahovense sp. nov., an extremely halophilic archaeon isolated from a Romanian salt lake. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:393–397
Fan H, Xue Y, Ma Y, Ventosa A, Grant WD (2004) Halorubrum tibetense sp. nov., a novel haloalkaliphilic archaeon from Lake Zabuye in Tibet, China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54:1213–1216
Fendrich C (1988) Halovibrio variabilis gen. nov. sp. nov., Pseudomonas halophila sp. nov. and a new halophilic aerobic coccoid Eubacterium from Great Salt Lake, Utah, USA. Syst Appl Microbiol 11:36–43
Feng J, Zhou PJ, Liu SJ (2004) Halorubrum xinjiangense sp. nov., a novel halophile isolated from saline lakes in China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54:1789–1791
Feng J, Zhou P, Zhou YG, Liu SJ, Warren-Rhodes K (2005) Halorubrum alkaliphilum sp. nov., a novel haloalkaliphile isolated from a soda lake in Xinjiang, China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:149–152
Fernández-Martínez J, Pujalte MJ, García-Martínez J, Mata M, Garay E, Rodríguez-Valera F (2003) Description of Alcanivorax venustensis sp. nov. and reclassification of Fundibacter jadensis DSM 12178T (Bruns and Berthe-Corti 1999) as Alcanivorax jadensis comb. nov., members of the emended genus Alcanivorax. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 53:331–338
Foti M, Sorokin DY, Lomans B, Mussmann M, Zacharova EE, Pimenov NV, Kuenen JG, Muyzer G (2007) Diversity, activity and abundance of sulfate-reducing bacteria in saline and hypersaline soda lakes. Appl Environ Microbiol 73:2093–2100
Franca L, Rainey FA, Nobre MF, Costa MS (2006) Salinicoccus salsiraiae sp. nov.: a new moderately halophilic gram-positive bacterium isolated from salted skate. Extremophiles 10:531–536
Franzmann PD, Tindall BJ (1990) A chemotaxonomic study of members of the family Halomonadaceae. Syst Appl Microbiol 13:142–147
Franzmann PD, Burton HR, McMeekin TA (1987) Halomonas subglaciescola, a new species of halotolerant bacteria isolated from Antarctica. Int J Syst Bacteriol 37:27–34
Franzmann PD, Wehmeyer U, Stackebrandt E (1988) Halomonadaceae fam. nov., a new family of the class Proteobacteria to accommodate the genera Halomonas and Deleya. Syst Appl Microbiol 11:16–19
Gao B, Gupta RS (2005) Conserved indels in protein sequences that are characteristic of the phylum Actinobacteria. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:2401–2412
Garabito MJ, Arahal DR, Mellado E, Márquez MC, Ventosa A (1997) Bacillus salexigens sp. nov., a new moderately halophilic Bacillus species. Int J Syst Bacteriol 47:735–741
García MT, Mellado E, Ostos JC, Ventosa A (2004) Halomonas organivorans sp. nov., a moderate halophile able to degrade aromatic compounds. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54:1723–1728
García MT, Gallego V, Ventosa A, Mellado E (2005) Thalassobacillus devorans gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, phenol-degrading, Gram-positive bacterium. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:1789–1795
García-Estepa R, Argandoña M, Reina-Bueno M, Capote N, Iglesias-Guerra F, Nieto JJ, Vargas C (2006) The ectD gene, which is involved in the synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine, is essential for thermoprotection of the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens. J Bacteriol 188:3774–3784
Garcia-Pichel F, Nübel U, Muyzer G (1998) The phylogeny of unicellular, extremely halotolerant cyanobacteria. Arch Microbiol 169:469–482
Garriga M, Ehrmann MA, Arnau J, Hugas M, Vogel RF (1998) Carnimonas nigrificans gen. nov., sp. nov., a bacterial causative agent for black spot formation on cured meat products. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 48:677–686
Garrity GM, Holt JG (2001) Taxonomic outline of the archaea and bacteria. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW (eds) Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology, vol 1, 2nd edn, The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria. Springer, New York, pp 155–166
Garrity GM, Bell JA, Lilburn T (2005a) Phylum XIV Proteobacteria phyl nov. In: Brenner DJ, Krieg NR, Staley JT, Garrity GM (eds) Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology, vol 2, 2nd edn, (The Proteobacteria), part B (The Gammaproteobacteria). Springer, New York, p 1
Garrity GM, Bell JA, Lilburn T (2005b) Order III. Rhodobacterales ord. nov. In: Brenner DJ, Krieg NR, Staley JT, Garrity GM (eds) Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology, vol 2, 2nd edn, (The Proteobacteria), part C (The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria). Springer, New York, p 161
Gauthier MJ, Lafay B, Christen R, Fernandez L, Acquaviva M, Bonin P, Bertrand JC (1992) Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus gen. nov., sp. nov., a new, extremely halotolerant, hydrocarbon-degrading marine bacterium. Int J Syst Bacteriol 42:568–576
Gibbons NE (1974) Family V. Halobacteriaceae fam. nov. In: Buchanan RE, Gibbons NE (eds) Bergey’s manual of determinative bacteriology, 8th edn. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, pp 269–273
Gochnauer MB, Leppard GG, Komaratat P, Kates M, Novitsky T, Kushner DJ (1975) Isolation and characterization of Actinopolyspora halophila, gen. et sp. nov., an extremely halophilic actinomycete. Can J Microbiol 21:1500–1511
Goh F, Leuko S, Allen MA, Bowman JP, Kamekura M, Neilan BA, Burns BP (2006) Halococcus hamelinensis sp. nov., a novel halophilic archaeon isolated from stromatolites in Shark Bay, Australia. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:1323–1329
González-Domenech CM, Béjar V, Martínez-Checa F, Quesada E (2008a) Halomonas nitroreducens sp. nov., a novel nitrate- and nitrite-reducing species. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:872–876
González-Domenech CM, Martínez-Checa F, Quesada E, Béjar V (2008b) Halomonas cerina sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, denitrifying, exopolysaccharide-producing bacterium. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:803–809
González-Domenech CM, Martínez-Checa F, Quesada E, Béjar V (2009) Halomonas fontilapidosi sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, denitrifying bacterium. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:1290–1296
Gorlenko VM, Bryantseva IA, Panteleeva EE, Tourova TP, Kolganova TV, Makhneva ZK, Moskalenko AA (2004) Ectothiorhodosinus mongolicum gen. nov., sp. nov., a new purple bacterium from a soda lake in Mongolia. Microbiology 73:66–73
Gorlenko VM, Bryantseva IA, Rabold S, Tourova TP, Rubtsova D, Smirnova E, Thiel V, Imhoff JF (2009) Ectothiorhodospira variabilis sp. nov., an alkaliphilic and halophilic purple sulfur bacterium from soda lakes. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:658–664
Gosink JJ, Woese CR, Staley JT (1998) Polaribacter gen. nov., with three new species, P. irgensii sp. nov., P. franzmannii sp. nov. and P. filamentus sp. nov., gas vacuolate polar marine bacteria of the Cytophaga-Flavobacterium-Bacteroides group and reclassification of ‘Flectobacillus glomeratus’ as Polaribacter glomeratus comb. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 48:223–235
Grant WD, Kamekura M, McGenity TJ, Ventosa A (2001) Class III. Halobacteria class nov. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds) Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology, vol 1, 2nd edn, The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria. Springer, New York, pp 294–301
Green DH, Bowman JP, Smith EA, Gutierrez T, Bolch CJ (2006) Marinobacter algicola sp. nov., isolated from laboratory cultures of paralytic shellfish toxin-producing dinoflagellates. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:523–527
Greenberg EP, Canale-Parola E (1976) Spirochaeta halophila sp. nov. a facultative anaerobe from a high-salinity pond. Arch Microbiol 110:185–194
Gruber C, Legat A, Pfaffenhuemer M, Radax C, Weidler G, Busse HJ, Stan-Lotter H (2004) Halobacterium noricense sp. nov., an archaeal isolate from a bore core of an alpine Permian salt deposit, classification of Halobacterium sp. NRC-1 as a strain of H. salinarum and emended description of H. salinarum. Extremophiles 8:431–439
Guan T-W, Tang S-K, Wu J-Y, Zhi X-Y, Xu L-H, Zhang L-L, Li W-J (2009) Haloglycomyces albus gen. nov., sp. nov., a halophilic, filamentous actinomycete of the family Glycomycetaceae. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:1297–1301
Guan T-W, Xiao J, Zhao K, Luo X-X, Zhang X-P, Zhang L-L (2010) Halomonas xinjiangensis sp. nov., a halotolerant bacterium isolated from a salt lake. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 60:349–352
Guo B, Gu J, Ye Y-G, Tang Y-Q, Kida K, Wu X-L (2007) Marinobacter segnicrescens sp. nov., a moderate halophile isolated from benthic sediment of the South China Sea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:1970–1974
Gutierrez MC, Kamekura M, Holmes ML, Dyall-Smith ML, Ventosa A (2002) Taxonomic characterization of Haloferax sp. (“H. alicantei”) strain Aa 2.2: description of Haloferax lucentensis sp. nov. Extremophiles 6:479–483
Gutiérrez MC, Castillo AM, Kamekura M, Xue Y, Ma Y, Cowan DA, Jones BE, Grant WD, Ventosa A (2007) Halopiger xanaduensis gen. nov., sp. nov., an extremely halophilic archaeon isolated from saline Lake Shangmatala in Inner Mongolia, China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:1402–1407
Gutiérrez MC, Castillo AM, Kamekura M, Ventosa A (2008a) Haloterrigena salina sp. nov., an extremely halophilic archaeon isolated from a salt lake. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:2880–2884
Gutiérrez MC, Castillo AM, Pagaling E, Heaphy S, Kamekura M, Xue Y, Ma Y, Cowan DA, Jones BE, Grant WD, Ventosa A (2008b) Halorubrum kocurii sp. nov., an archaeon isolated from a saline lake. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:2031–2035
Guzmán D, Quillaguamán J, Muñoz M, Rajni Hatti-Kaul R (2010) Halomonas andesensis sp. nov., a moderate halophile isolated from the saline lake Laguna Colorada in Bolivia. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 60:749–753
Hamada M, Iino T, Tamura T, Iwami T, Harayama S, Suzuki K (2009) Serinibacter salmoneus gen. nov., sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from the intestinal tract of a fish, and emended descriptions of the families Beutenbergiaceae and Bogoriellaceae. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:2809–2814
Hamasaki N, Shirai S, Niitsu M, Kakinuma K, Oshima T (1993) An alkalophilic Bacillus sp. produces 2-phenylethylamine. Appl Environ Microbiol 59:2720–2722
Handley KM, Héry M, Lloyd JR (2009) Marinobacter santoriniensis sp. nov., an arsenate-respiring and arsenite-oxidizing bacterium isolated from hydrothermal sediment. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:886–892
Harwati TU, Kasai Y, Kodama Y, Susilaningsih D, Watanabe K (2009) Tropicibacter naphthalenivorans gen. nov., sp. nov., a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium isolated from Semarang Port in Indonesia. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:392–396
Hebert AM, Vreeland RH (1987) Phenotypic comparison of halotolerant bacteria: Halomonas halodurans sp. nov., nom. rev., comb. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 37:347–350
Heyndrickx M, Lebbe L, Kersters K, De Vos P, Forsyth G, Logan NA (1998) Virgibacillus: a new genus to accommodate Bacillus pantothenticus (Proom and Knight 1950). Emended description of Virgibacillus pantothenticus. Int J Syst Bacteriol 48:99–106
Heyrman J, Balcaen A, De Vos P, Swings J (2002) Halomonas muralis sp. nov., isolated from microbial biofilms colonizing the walls and murals of the Saint-Catherine chapel (Castle Herberstein, Austria). Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52:2049–2054
Heyrman J, Logan NA, Busse H-J, Balcaen A, Lebbe L, Rodriguez-Díaz M, Swings J, De Vos P (2003) Virgibacillus carmonensis sp. nov., Virgibacillus necropolis sp. nov. and Virgibacillus picturae sp. nov., three novel species isolated from deteriorated mural paintings, transfer of the species of the genus Salibacillus to Virgibacillus, as Virgibacillus maismortui comb. nov. and Virgibacillus salexigens comb. nov., and emended description of the genus Virgibacillus. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 53:501–511
Hezayen FF, Rehm BH, Tindall BJ, Steinbüchel A (2001) Transfer of Natrialba asiatica B1T to Natrialba taiwanensis sp. nov. and description of Natrialba aegyptiaca sp. nov., a novel extremely halophilic, aerobic, non-pigmented member of the Archaea from Egypt that produces extracellular poly(glutamic acid). Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 51:1133–1142
Hezayen FF, Tindall BJ, Steinbüchel A, Rehm BH (2002) Characterization of a novel halophilic archaeon, Halobiforma haloterrestris gen. nov., sp. nov., and transfer of Natronobacterium nitratireducens to Halobiforma nitratireducens comb. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52:2271–2280
Higashibata A, Fujiwara T, Fukumori Y (1998) Studies on the respiratory system in alkaliphilic Bacillus, a proposed new respiratory mechanisms. Extremophiles 2:83–92
Hiraishi A, Ueda Y (1994) Intrageneric structure of the genus Rhodobacter: transfer of Rhodobacter sulfidophilus and related marine species to the genus Rhodovulum gen. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 44:15–23
Hiraishi A, Urata K, Satoh T (1995) A new genus of marine budding phototrophic bacteria, Rhodobium gen. nov., which includes Rhodobium orientis sp. nov. and Rhodobium marinum comb. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 45:226–234
Hirota N, Imae Y (1983) Na+-driven flagella motors on an alkalophilic Bacillus strain YN-1. J Biol Chem 258:10577–10581
Hirsch P, Hoffman B (1989) Dichotomicrobium thermohalophilum, gen. nov., spec. nov., budding prosthecate bacteria from the solar lake (Sinai) and some related strains. Syst Appl Microbiol 11:291–301
Hoeft SE, Switzer Blum J, Stolz JF, Tabita FR, Witte B, King GM, Santini JM, Oremland RS (2007) Alkalilimnicola ehrlichii sp. nov., a novel, arsenite-oxidizing haloalkaliphilic gammaproteobacterium capable of chemoautotrophic or heterotrophic growth with nitrate or oxygen as the electron acceptor. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:504–512
Hu ZY, Li Y (2007) Pseudidiomarina sediminum sp. nov., a marine bacterium isolated from coastal sediments of Luoyuan Bay in China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:2572–2577
Hu L, Pan H, Xue Y, Ventosa A, Cowan DA, Jones BE, Grant WD, Ma Y (2008) Halorubrum luteum sp. nov., isolated from Lake Chagannor, Inner Mongolia, China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:1705–1708
Hua NP, Hamza-Chaffai A, Vreeland RH, Isoda H, Naganuma T (2008a) Virgibacillus salarius sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium isolated from a Saharan salt lake. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:2049–2414
Hua NP, Kanakiyo A, Fujikura K, Yasuda H, Naganuma T (2008b) Halobacillus profundi sp. nov. and Halobacillus kuroshimensis sp. nov., moderately halophilic bacteria isolated from a deep-sea methane cold seep. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:1243–1249
Huber R, Langworthy TA, Konig H, Thomm M, Woese CR, Sleytr UB, Stetter KO (1986) Thermotoga maritima sp. nov. represents a new genus of unique extremely thermophilic eubacteria growing up to 90°C. Arch Microbiol 144:324–333
Huber R, Woese CR, Langworthy TA, Fricke H, Stetter KO (1989) Thermosipho africanus gen. nov., represents a new genus of thermophilic eubacteria within the “Thermotogales”. Syst Appl Microbiol 12:32–37
Huo Y-Y, Wang CS, Yang JY, Wu M, Xu XW (2008) Marinobacter mobilis sp. nov. and Marinobacter zhejiangensis sp. nov., halophilic bacteria isolated from the East China Sea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:2885–2889
Hwang CY, Cho BC (2008) Ponticoccus litoralis gen. nov., sp. nov., a marine bacterium in the family Rhodobacteraceae. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:1332–1338
Hwang CY, Bae GD, Yih W, Cho BC (2009) Marivita cryptomonadis gen. nov., sp. nov. and Marivita litorea sp. nov., of the family Rhodobacteraceae, isolated from marine habitats. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:1568–1575
Ihara K, Watanabe S, Tamura T (1997) Haloarcula argentinensis sp. nov. and Haloarcula mukohataei sp. nov., two new extremely halophilic archaea collected in Argentina. Int J Syst Bacteriol 47:73–77
Imhoff JF (1984) Reassignment of the genus Ectothiorhodospira Pelsh 1936 to a new family, Ectothiorhodospiraceae fam. nov., and emended description of the Chromatiaceae Bavendamm 1924. Int J Syst Bacteriol 34:338–339
Imhoff JF (1992) The family ectothiorhodospiraceae. In: Balows A, Trüper HG, Dworkin M, Harder W, Schleifer KH (eds) The prokaryotes. A handbook on the biology of bacteria. Ecophysiology, isolation, identification, applications, 2nd edn. Springer, New York, pp 3222–3229
Imhoff JF, Süling J (1996) The phylogenetic relationship among Ectothiorhodospiraceae: a reevaluation of their taxonomy on the basis of 16S rDNA analyses. Arch Microbiol 165:106–113
Imhoff JF, Trüper HG, Pfennig N (1984) Rearrangement of the species and genera of the phototrophic “purple nonsulfur bacteria”. Int J Syst Bacteriol 34:340–343
Imhoff JF, Petri R, Süling J (1998a) Reclassification of species of the spiral-shaped phototrophic purple non-sulfur bacteria of the α-Proteobacteria: description of the new genera Phaeospirillum gen. nov., Rhodovibrio gen. nov., Rhodothalassium gen. nov. and Roseospira gen. nov. as well as transfer of Rhodospirillum fulvum to Phaeospirillum fulvum comb. nov., of Rhodospirillum molischianum to Phaeospirillum molischianum comb. nov., of Rhodospirillum salinarum to Rhodovibrio salinarum comb. nov., of Rhodospirillum sodomense to Rhodovibrio sodomensis comb. nov., of Rhodospirillum salexigens to Rhodothalassium salexigens comb. nov. and of Rhodospirillum mediosalinum to Roseospira mediosalina comb. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 48:793–798
Imhoff JF, Süling J, Petri R (1998b) Phylogenetic relationships among the Chromatiaceae, their taxonomic reclassification and description of the new genera Allochromatium, Halochromatium, Isochromatium, Marichromatium, Thiococcus, Thiohalocapsa and Thermochromatium. Int J Syst Bacteriol 48:1129–1143
Inagaki F, Takai K, Kobayashi H, Nealson KH, Horikoshi K (2003) Sulfurimonas autotrophica gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel sulfur-oxidizing ε-proteobacterium isolated from hydrothermal sediments in the Mid-Okinawa Trough. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 53:1801–1805
Inagaki F, Takai K, Nealson KH, Horikoshi K (2004) Sulfurovum lithotrophicum gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel sulfur-oxidizing chemolithoautotroph within the ε-Proteobacteria isolated from Okinawa Trough hydrothermal sediments. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54:1477–1482
Itoh T, Yamaguchi T, Zhou P, Takashina T (2005) Natronolimnobius baerhuensis gen. nov., sp. nov. and Natronolimnobius innermongolicus sp. nov., novel haloalkaliphilic archaea isolated from soda lakes in Inner Mongolia, China. Extremophiles 9:111–116
Ivanova EP, Mikhailov VV (2001) A new family, Alteromonadaceae fam. nov., including marine proteobacteria of the genera Alteromonas, Pseudoalteromonas, Idiomarina, and Colwellia. Mikrobiologiya 70:15–23
Ivanova EP, Romanenko LA, Chun J, Matte MH, Matte GR, Mikhailov VV, Svetashev VI, Huq A, Maugel T, Colwell RR (2000) Idiomarina gen. nov., comprising novel indigenous deep-sea bacteria from the Pacific Ocean, including descriptions of two species, Idiomarina abyssalis sp. nov. and Idiomarina zobellii sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 50:901–907
Jakobsen TF, Kjeldsen KU, Ingvorsen K (2006) Desulfohalobium utahense sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, sulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from Great Salt Lake. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:2063–2069
James SR, Dobson J, Franzmann PD, McMeekin TA (1990) Halomonas meridiana, a new species of extremely halotolerant bacteria isolated from Antarctic saline lakes. Syst Appl Microbiol 13:270–277
Jean WD, Leu TY, Lee CY, Chu TJ, Lin SY, Shieh WY (2009) Pseudidiomarina marina sp. nov. and Pseudidiomarina tainanensis sp. nov. and reclassification of Idiomarina homiensis and Idiomarina salinarum as Pseudidiomarina homiensis comb. nov. and Pseudidiomarina salinarum comb. nov., respectively. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:53–59
Jeon CO, Lim J-M, Lee J-C, Lee GS, Lee J-M, Xu L-H, Jiang C-L, Kim C-J (2005a) Lentibacillus salarius sp. nov., isolated from saline sediment in China, and emended description of the genus Lentibacillus. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:1339–1343
Jeon CO, Lim J-M, Lee J-M, Xu L-H, Jiang C-L, Kim C-J (2005b) Reclassification of Bacillus haloalkaliphilus Fritze 1996 as Alkalibacillus haloalkaliphilus gen. nov., comb. nov. and the description of Alkalibacillus salilacus sp. nov., a novel halophilic bacterium isolated from salt lake in China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:1891–1896
Jeon CO, Lim JM, Lee JR, Lee GS, Park DJ, Lee JC, Oh HW, Kim CJ (2007) Halomonas kribbensis sp. nov., a novel moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a solar saltern in Korea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:2194–2198
Jeon CO, Lim J-M, Jang HH, Park D-J, Xu L-H, Jiang C-L, Kim C-J (2008) Gracilibacillus lacisalsi sp. nov., a halophilic Gram positive bacterium from a salt lake in China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:2282–2286
Juez G, Rodrihuez-Valera F, Ventosa A, Kushner DJ (1986) Haloarcula hispanica spec. Nov. and Haloferax gibbonsii spec. nov., two new species of extremely halophilic archaebacteria. Syst Appl Microbiol 8:75–79
Kamekura M, Dyall-Smith ML, Upasani V, Ventosa A, Kates M (1997) Diversity of alkaliphilic halobacteria: proposals for transfer of Natronobacterium vacuolatum, Natronobacterium magadii, and Natronobacterium pharaonis to Halorubrum, Natrialba, and Natronomonas gen. nov., respectively, as Halorubrum vacuolatum comb. nov., Natrialba magadii comb. nov., and Natronomonas pharaonis comb. nov., respectively. Int J Syst Bacteriol 47:853–857
Kanai H, Kobayashi T, Aono R, Kudo T (1995) Natronococcus amylolyticus sp. nov., a haloalkaliphilic archaeon. Int J Syst Bacteriol 45:762–766
Kawasaki K, Nogi Y, Hishinuma M, Nodasaka Y, Matsuyama H, Yumoto I (2002) Psychromonas marina sp. nov., a novel halophilic, facultatively psychrophilic bacterium isolated from the coast of the Okhotsk Sea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52:1455–1459
Kaye JZ, Márquez MC, Ventosa A, Baross JA (2004) Halomonas neptunia sp. nov., Halomonas sulfidaeris sp. nov., Halomonas axialensis sp. nov. and Halomonas hydrothermalis sp. nov.: halophilic bacteria isolated from deep-sea hydrothermal-vent environments. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54:499–511
Kelly DP, Wood AP (2000) Reclassification of some species of Thiobacillus to the newly designated genera Acidithiobacillus gen. nov., Halothiobacillus gen. nov. and Thermithiobacillus gen. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 50:511–516
Kharroub K, Aguilera M, Quesada T, Morillo JA, Ramos-Cormenzana A, Boulharouf A, Monteoliva-Sánchez M (2006a) Salicola salis sp. nov., an extremely halophilic bacterium isolated from Ezzemoul sabkha in Algeria. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:2647–2652
Kharroub K, Quesada T, Ferrer R, Fuentes S, Aguilera M, Boulahrouf A, Ramos-Cormenzana A, Monteoliva-Sánchez M (2006b) Halorubrum ezzemoulense sp. nov., a halophilic archaeon isolated from Ezzemoul sabkha, Algeria. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:1583–1588
Kharroub K, Jiménez-Pranteda ML, Aguilera M, Boulahrouf A, Ramos-Cormenzana A, Monteoliva-Sánchez M (2008a) Halomonas sabkhae sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from an Algerian sabkha. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:40–44
Kharroub K, Lizama C, Aguilera M, Boulahrouf A, Campos V, Ramos-Cormenzana A, Monteoliva-Sánchez M (2008b) Halomicrobium katesii sp. nov., an extremely halophilic archaeon. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:2354–2358
Kim SB, Goodfellow M (1999) Reclassification of Amycolatopsis rugosa Lechevalier et al. 1986 as Prauserella rugosa gen. nov., comb. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 49:507–512
Kim B-Y, Weon H-Y, Yoo S-H, Kwon S-W, Cho Y-H, Stackebrandt E, Go S-J (2006a) Paracoccus homiensis sp. nov., isolated from a sea-sand sample. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:2387–2390
Kim B-Y, Weon H-Y, Yoo S-H, Kim J-S, Kwon S-W, Stackebrandt E, Go S-J (2006b) Marinobacter koreensis sp. nov., isolated from sea sand in Korea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:2653–2656
Kim KK, Jin L, Yang HC, Lee S-T (2007) Halomonas gomseomensis sp. nov., Halomonas janggokensis sp. nov., Halomonas salaria sp. nov. and Halomonas denitrificans sp. nov., moderately halophilic bacteria isolated from saline water. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:675–681
Kim KK, Lee KC, Oh H-M, Lee J-S (2010) Halomonas stevensii sp. nov., Halomonas hamiltonii sp. nov. and Halomonas johnsoniae sp. nov., isolated from a renal care centre. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 60:369–377
Kitazume Y, Mutoh M, Shiraki M, Koyama N (2006) Involvement of Lys-308 in the FAD-dependent oxidase activity of NADH dehydrogenase from an alkaliphilic Bacillus. Res Microbiol 157:956–959
Kobayashi T, Kimura B, Fujii T (2000) Haloanaerobium fermentans sp. nov., a strictly anaerobic, fermentative halophile isolated from fermented puffer fish ovaries. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 50:1621–1627
Köcher S, Breitenbach J, Müller V, Sandmann G (2009) Structure, function and byosynthesis of carotenoids in the moderately halophilic bacterium Halobacillus halophilus. Arch Microbiol 191:95–104
Kocur M, Hodgkiss W (1973) Taxonomic status of the genus Halococcus Schoop. Int J Syst Bacteriol 23:151–156
Komarek J (1976) Taxonomic review of the genera Synechocystis Sauv. 1892, Synechococcus Nag. 1849, and Cyanothece gen. nov. (Cyanophyceae). Arch Protistenk 118:119–179
Kuhsner DJ, Kamekura M (1988) Physiology of halophilic eubacteria. In: Rodriguez-Valera F (ed) Halophilic bacteria, vol 1. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 109–138
Kuykendall LD (2005) Order VI. Rhizobiales ord. nov. In: Brenner DJ, Krieg NR, Staley JT, Garrity GM (eds) Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology, vol 2, 2nd edn, (The Proteobacteria), part C (The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria). Springer, New York, p 324
Labeda DP, Kroppenstedt RM (2005) Stackebrandtia nassauensis gen. nov., sp. nov. and emended description of the family Glycomycetaceae. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:1687–1691
Labrenz M, Collins MD, Lawson PA, Tindall BJ, Braker G, Hirsch P (1998) Antarctobacter heliothermus gen. nov., sp. nov., a budding bacterium from hypersaline and heliothermal Ekho Lake. Int J Syst Bacteriol 48:1363–1372
Labrenz M, Collins MD, Lawson PA, Tindall BJ, Schumann P, Hirsch P (1999) Roseovarius tolerans gen. nov., sp. nov., a budding bacterium with variable bacteriochlorophyll a production from hypersaline Ekho Lake. Int J Syst Bacteriol 49:137–147
Labrenz M, Tindall BJ, Lawson PA, Collins MD, Schumann P, Hirsch P (2000) Staleya guttiformis gen. nov., sp. nov. and Sulfitobacter brevis sp. nov., α-3-Proteobacteria from hypersaline, heliothermal and meromictic antarctic Ekho Lake. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 50:303–313
Labrenz M, Lawson PA, Tindall BJ, Collins MD, Hirsch P (2003) Saccharospirillum impatiens gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel ?-Proteobacterium isolated from hypersaline Ekho Lake (East Antarctica). Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 53:653–660
Labrenz M, Lawson PA, Tindall BJ, Collins MD, Hirsch P (2005) Roseisalinus antarcticus gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel aerobic bacteriochlorophyll α-producing α-proteobacterium isolated from hypersaline Ekho Lake, Antarctica. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:41–47
Lacey J, Goodfellow M, Lacy J, Goodfellow M (1975) A novel actinomycete from sugar-cane bagasse: Saccharopolyspora hirsuta gen. et. sp. nov. J Gen Microbiol 88:75–85
Lai Q, Yuan J, Gu L, Shao Z (2009a) Marispirillum indicum gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a deep-sea environment. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:1278–1281
Lai Q, Yuan J, Shao Z (2009b) Maribaculum marinum gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from deep seawater. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:3083–3087
Lapage SP, Sneath PHA, Lessel EF, Skerman VBD, Seeliger HPR, Clark WA (eds) (1992) International code of nomenclature of bacteria (1990 revision). Bacteriological code. American Society for Microbiology, Washington
Lechevalier MP, Prauser H, Labeda DP, Ruan JS (1986) Two new genera of nocardioform actinomycetes: Amycolata gen. nov. and Amycolatopsis gen. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 36:29–37
Lee J-C, Jeon CO, Lim J-M, Lee S-M, Lee J-M, Song S-M, Park D-J, Li W-J, Kim C-J (2005) Halomonas taeanensis sp. nov., a novel moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a solar saltern in Korea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:2027–2032
Lee J-S, Lim J-M, Lee KC, Lee J-C, Park Y-H, Kim C-J (2006) Virgibacillus koreensis sp. nov., a novel bacterium from a SALT field, and transfer of Virgibacillus picturae to the genus Oceanobacillus as Oceanobacillus picturae comb. nov. with emended descriptions. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:251–257
Lee J-C, Li WJ, Xu LH, Jiang CL, Kim C-J (2008) Lentibacillus salis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a salt lake. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:1838–1843
Lee S-Y, Choi W-Y, Oh T-K, Yoon J-H (2008) Lentibacillus salinarum sp. nov., isolated from a marine solar saltern in Korea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:45–49
Lehman KB, Neumann R (1896) Atlas und Grundriss der Bakteriologie und Lehrbuch der Speciellen Bakteriologischen Diagnostik. JF Lehman, Munich
Li MG, Li WJ, Xu P, Cui XL, Xu LH, Jiang CL (2003a) Nocardiopsis xinjiangensis sp. nov., a halophilic actinomycete isolated from a saline soil sample in China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 53:317–321
Li WJ, Tang SK, Stackebrandt E, Kroppenstedt RM, Schumann P, Xu LH, Jiang CL (2003b) Saccharomonospora paurometabolica sp. nov., a moderately halophilic actinomycete isolated from soil in China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 53:1591–1594
Li WJ, Xu P, Tang SK, Xu LH, Kroppenstedt RM, Stackebrandt E, Jiang CL (2003c) Prauserella halophila sp. nov. and Prauserella alba sp. nov., moderately halophilic actinomycetes from saline soil. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 53:1545–1549
Li WJ, Xu P, Zhang LP, Tang SK, Cui XL, Mao PH, Xu LH, Schumann P, Stackebrandt E, Jiang CL (2003d) Streptomonospora alba sp. nov., a novel halophilic actinomycete, and emended description of the genus Streptomonospora Cui et al. 2001. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 53:1421–1425
Li WJ, Chen HH, Zhang YQ, Schumann P, Stackebrandt E, Xu LH, Jiang CL (2004a) Nesterenkonia halotolerans sp. nov. and Nesterenkonia xinjiangensis sp. nov., actinobacteria from saline soils in the west of China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54:837–841
Li WJ, Park DJ, Tang SK, Wang D, Lee JC, Xu LH, Kim CJ, Jiang CL (2004b) Nocardiopsis salina sp. nov., a novel halophilic actinomycete isolated from saline soil in China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54:1805–1809
Li WJ, Chen HH, Kim CJ, Zhang YQ, Park DJ, Lee JC, Xu LH, Jiang CL (2005) Nesterenkonia sandarakina sp. nov. and Nesterenkonia lutea sp. nov., novel actinobacteria, and emended description of the genus Nesterenkonia. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:463–466
Li WJ, Kroppenstedt RM, Wang D, Tang SK, Lee JC, Park DJ, Kim CJ, Xu LH, Jiang CL (2006) Five novel species of the genus Nocardiopsis isolated from hypersaline soils and emended description of Nocardiopsis salina Li et al. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:1089–1096
Li WJ, Xu P, Schumann P, Zhang YQ, Pukall R, Xu LH, Stackebrandt E, Jiang CL (2007) Georgenia ruanii sp. nov., a novel actinobacterium isolated from forest soil in Yunnan (China) and emended description of the genus Georgenia. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:1424–1428
Li H-B, Zhang L-P, Chen S-F (2008a) Halomonas korlensis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, denitrifying bacterium isolated from saline and alkaline soil. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:2582–2588
Li WJ, Zhang YQ, Schumann P, Liu HY, Yu LY, Zhang YQ, Stackebrandt E, Xu LH, Jiang CL (2008b) Nesterenkonia halophila sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, alkalitolerant actinobacterium isolated from a saline soil. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:1359–1363
Li Y, Tang SK, Chen YG, Wu JY, Zhi XY, Zhang YQ, Li WJ (2009) Prauserella salsuginis sp. nov., Prauserella flava sp. nov., Prauserella aidingensis sp. nov. and Prauserella sediminis sp. nov., isolated from a salt lake. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:2923–2928
Liaw HJ, Mah RA (1992) Isolation and characterization of Haloanaerobacter chitinovorans gen. nov., sp. nov., a halophilic, anaerobic, chitinolytic bacterium from a solar saltern. Appl Environ Microbiol 58:260–266
Liaw HJ, Mah RA (1996) Haloanaerobacter chitinovorans gen. nov., sp. nov. In validation of the publication of new names and new combinations previously effectively published outside the IJSB, List no. 56. Int J Syst Bacteriol 46:362–363
Liebgott P-P, Casalot L, Paillard S, Lorquin J, Labat M (2006) Marinobacter vinifirmus sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a wine-barrel-decalcification wastewater. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:2511–2516
Liebl W (1992) The genus Corynebacterium- nonmedical. In: Balows A, Trüper HG, Dworkin M, Harder W, Schleifer KH (eds) The prokaryotes, vol 2, 2nd edn. Springer, Berlin, pp 1157–1171
Lim J-M, Yoon J-H, Lee J-C, Jeon CO, Park D-J, Sung C, Kim C-J (2004) Halomonas koreensis sp. nov., a novel moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a solar saltern in Korea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54:2037–2042
Lim J-M, Jeon CO, Park D-J, Kim H-R, Yoon B-J, Kim C-J (2005a) Pontibacillus marinus sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium from a solar saltern, and emended description of the genus Pontibacillus. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:1027–1031
Lim J-M, Jeon CO, Song S-M, Lee J-C, Ju YJ, Xu L-H, Jiang C-L, Kim C-J (2005b) Lentibacillus lacisalsi sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a saline lake in China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:1805–1809
Lim J-M, Jeon CO, Lee S-M, Lee J-C, Xu L-H, Jiang C-L, Kim C-J (2006) Bacillus salarius sp. nov., a halophilic, spore-forming bacterium isolated from a salt lake in China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:376–377
Lim J-M, Jeon CO, Lee SS, Park DJ, Xu L-H, Jiang C-L, Kim C-J (2008) Reclassification of Salegentibacter catena Ying et al. 2007 as Salinimicrobium catena gen. nov., comb. nov. and description of Salinimicrobium xinjiangense sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium isolated from Xinjiang province in China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:438–442
Lin KY, Sheu SY, Chang PS, Cho JC, Chen WM (2007) Oceanicola marinus sp. nov., a marine alphaproteobacterium isolated from seawater collected off Taiwan. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:1625–1629
Liu C, Shao Z (2005) Alcanivorax dieselolei sp. nov., a novel alkane-degrading bacterium isolated from sea water and deep-sea sediment. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:1181–1186
Liu WY, Zeng J, Wang L, Dou YT, Yang SS (2005) Halobacillus dabanensis sp. nov. and Halobacillus aidingensis sp. nov., isolated from salt lakes in Xinjiang, China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:1991–1996
Liu ZP, Wang BJ, Liu XY, Dai X, Liu YH, Liu SJ (2008) Paracoccus halophilus sp. nov., isolated from marine sediment of the South China Sea, China, and emended description of the genus Paracoccus Davis 1969. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:257–261
Lizama C, Monteoliva-Sánchez M, Suárez-García A, Roselló-Mora R, Aguilera M, Campos V, Ramos-Cormenzana A (2002) Halorubrum tebenquichense sp. nov., a novel halophilic archaeon isolated from the Atacama Saltern, Chile. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52:149–155
Logan NA, Berge O, Bishop AH, Busse H-J, De Vos P, Fritze D, Heyndrickx M, Kämpfer P, Rabinovitch L, Salkinoja-Salonen MS, Seldin L, Ventosa A (2009) Proposed minimal standards for describing new taxa of aerobic, endospore-forming bacteria. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:2114–2121
Lu J, Nogi Y, Takami H (2001) Oceanobacillus iheyensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a deep-sea extremely halotolerant and alkaliphilic species isolated from a depth of 1050 m on the Iheya Ridge. FEMS Microbiol Lett 205:291–297
Ludwig W, Klenk H-P (2001) Overview: a phylogenetic backbone and taxonomic framework for procaryotic systematics. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds) Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology, vol 1, 2nd edn. Springer, New York, pp 49–65
Ludwig W, Schleifer KH (2005) Molecular phylogeny of bacteria based on comparative sequence analysis of conserved genes. In: Sapp J (ed) Microbial phylogeny and evolution, concepts and controversies. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 70–98
Ludwig W, Schleifer KH, Whitman WB (2008) Revised road map to the phylum Firmicutes. In: de Vos P, Garrity GM, Jones D, Krieg NR, Ludwig W, Rainey FA, Schleifer K-H, Whitman WB (eds) Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology, vol 3, 2nd edn, The firmicutes. Springer, New York, pp 1–13
Magot M, Ollivier B, Patel BK (2000) Microbiology of petroleum reservoirs. Antonie Leeuwenhoek 77:103–116
Magot M, Basso O, Tardy-Jacquenod C, Caumette P (2004) Desulfovibrio bastinii sp. nov. and Desulfovibrio gracilis sp. nov., moderately halophilic, sulfate-reducing bacteria isolated from deep subsurface oilfield water. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54:1693–1697
Mancinelli RL, Landheim R, Sánchez-Porro C, Dornmayr-Pfaffenhuemer M, Gruber C, Legat A, Ventosa A, Radax C, Ihara K, White MR, Stan-Lotter H (2009) Halorubrum chaoviator sp. nov., a haloarchaeon isolated from sea salt in Baja California, Mexico, Western Australia and Naxos, Greece. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:1908–1913
Margheri MC, Ventura S, Kastovsky J, Komarek J (2008) The taxonomic validation of the cyanobacterial genus Halothece. Phycologia 47:477–486
Márquez MC, Carrasco IJ, Xue Y, Ma Y, Cowan DA, Jones BE, Grant WD, Ventosa A (2007) Aquisalimonas asiatica gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from an alkaline, saline lake in Inner Mongolia, China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:1137–1142
Márquez MC, Carrasco IJ, Xue Y, Ma Y, Cowan DA, Jones BE, Grant WD, Ventosa A (2008) Aquisalibacillus elongatus gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium of the family Bacillaceae isolated from a saline lake. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:1922–1926
Martín S, Márquez MC, Sánchez-Porro C, Mellado E, Arahal DR, Ventosa A (2003) Marinobacter lipolyticus sp. nov., a novel moderate halophile with lipolytic activity. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 53:1383–1387
Martínez-Cánovas MJ, Béjar V, Martínez-Checa F, Quesada E (2004a) Halomonas anticariensis sp. nov., from Fuente de Piedra, a saline-wetland wildfowl reserve in Málaga, southern Spain. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54:1329–1332
Martínez-Cánovas MJ, Béjar V, Martínez-Checa F, Páez R, Quesada E (2004b) Idiomarina fontislapidosi sp. nov. and Idiomarina ramblicola sp. nov., isolated from inland hypersaline habitats in Spain. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54:1793–1797
Martínez-Cánovas MJ, Quesada E, Llamas I, Béjar V (2004c) Halomonas ventosae sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, denitrifying, exopolysaccharide-producing bacterium. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54:733–737
Martínez-Cánovas MJ, Quesada E, Martínez-Checa F, Del Moral A, Béjar V (2004d) Salipiger mucescens gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, exopolysaccharide-producing bacterium isolated from hypersaline soil, belonging to the α-Proteobacteria. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54:1735–1740
Martínez-Checa F, Béjar V, Llamas I, Del Moral A, Quesada E (2005a) Alteromonas hispanica sp. nov., a polyunsaturated-fatty-acid-producing, halophilic bacterium isolated from Fuente de Piedra, southern Spain. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:2385–2390
Martínez-Checa F, Béjar V, Martínez-Cánovas MJ, Llamas I, Quesada E (2005b) Halomonas almeriensis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, exopolysaccharide-producing bacterium from Cabo de Gata, Almería, south-east Spain. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:2007–2011
Martínez-Checa F, Quesada E, Martínez-Cánovas MJ, Llamas I, Béjar V (2005c) Palleronia marisminoris gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, exopolysaccharide-producing bacterium belonging to the ‘Alphaproteobacteria’, isolated from a saline soil. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:2525–2530
Mata JA, Martínez-Canovas MJ, Quesada E, Béjar V (2002) A detailed phenotypic characterisation of the type strains of Halomonas species. Syst Appl Microbiol 25:360–375
Matsuyama H, Hirabayashi T, Kasahara H, Minami H, Hoshino T, Yumoto I (2006) Glaciecola chathamensis sp. nov., a novel marine polysaccharide-producing bacterium. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:2883–2886
Maturrano L, Valens-Vadell M, Rosselló-Mora R, Antón J (2006) Salicola marasensis gen. nov., sp. nov., an extremely halophilic bacterium isolated from the Maras solar salterns in Peru. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:1685–1691
Mayr R, Busse HJ, Worliczek HL, Ehling-Schulz M, Scherer S (2006) Ornithinibacillus gen. nov., with the species Ornithinibacillus bavariensis sp. nov. and Ornithinibacillus californiensis sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:1383–1389
McGenity TJ, Grant WD (1995) Transfer of Halobacterium saccharovorum, Halobacterium sodomense, Halobacterium trapanicum NRC 34041 and Halobacterium lacusprofundi to the genus Halorubrum gen. nov., as Halorubrum saccharovorum comb. nov., Halorubrum sodomense comb. nov., Halorubrum trapanicum comb. nov. and Halorubrum lacusprofundi comb. nov. Syst Appl Microbiol 18:237–243
McGenity TJ, Gemmell RT, Grant WD (1998) Proposal of a new halobacterial genus Natrinema gen. nov., with two species Natrinema pellirubrum nom. nov. and Natrinema pallidum nom. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 48:1187–1196
Mellado E, Moore ERB, Nieto JJ, Ventosa A (1995) Phylogenetic inferences and taxonomic consequences of 16S ribosomal DNA sequence comparison of Chromohalobacter marismortui, Volcaniella eurihalina, and Deleya salina and reclassification of V. eurihalina as Halomonas eurihalina comb. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 45:712–716
Mellado E, Moore ERB, Nieto JJ, Ventosa A (1996) Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences of Vibrio costicola strains: description of Salinivibrio costicola gen. nov., comb. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 46:817–821
Meyer J (1976) Nocardiopsis dassonvillei, a new genus of the order Actinomycetales. Int J Syst Bacteriol 26:487–493
Miranda-Tello E, Fardeau ML, Joulian C, Magot M, Thomas P, Tholozan JL, Ollivier B (2007) Petrotoga halophila sp. nov., a thermophilic, moderately halophilic, fermentative bacterium isolated from an offshore oil well in Congo. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:40–44
Montalvo-Rodríguez R, Vreeland RH, Oren A, Kessel M, Betancourt C, López-Garriga J (1998) Halogeometricum borinquense gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel halophilic archaeon from Puerto Rico. Int J Syst Bacteriol 48:1305–1312
Montalvo-Rodríguez R, López-Garriga J, Vreeland RH, Oren A, Ventosa A, Kamekura M (2000) Haloterrigena thermotolerans sp. nov., a halophilic archaeon from Puerto Rico. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 50:1065–1071
Montero CG, Ventosa A, Rodriguez-Valera F, Kates M, Moldoveanu N, Ruiz-Berraquero F (1989) Halococcus saccharolyticus sp. nov., a new species of extremely halophilic non-alkaliphilic cocci. Syst Appl Microbiol 12:167–171
Montes MJ, Bozal N, Mercadé E (2008) Marinobacter guineae sp. nov., a novel moderately halophilic bacterium from an Antarctic environment. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:1346–1349
Mormile MR, Romine MF, Garcia MT, Ventosa A, Bailey TJ, Peyton BM (1999) Halomonas campisalis sp. nov., a denitrifying, moderately haloalkaliphilic bacterium. Syst Appl Microbiol 22:551–558
Mouné S, Manac’h N, Hirschler A, Caumette P, Willison JC, Matheron JC (1999) Haloanaerobacter salinarius sp. nov., a novel halophilic fermentative bacterium that reduces glycine-betaine to trimethylamine with hydrogen or serine as electron donors; emendation of the genus Haloanaerobacter. Int J Syst Bacteriol 49:103–112
Mouné S, Eatock C, Matheron JC, Willison JC, Hirschler A, Herbert R, Caumette P (2000) Orenia salinaria sp. nov., a fermentative bacterium isolated from anaerobic sediments of Mediterranean salterns. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 50:721–729
Namwong S, Tanasupawat S, Smitinont T, Visessanguan W, Kudo T (2005) Isolation of Lentibacillus salicampi strains and Lentibacillus juripiscarius sp. nov. from fish sauce in Thailand. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:315–320
Namwong S, Tanasupawat S, Visessanguan W, Kudo T, Itoh T (2007) Halococcus thailandensis sp. nov., from fish sauce in Thailand. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:2199–2203
Namwong S, Tanasupawat S, Lee KC, Lee J-S (2009) Oceanobacillus kapiali sp. nov., from fermented shrimp paste in Thailand. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:2254–2259
Nedashkovskaya OI, Kim SB, Han SK, Lysenko AM, Rohde M, Rhee MS, Frolova GM, Falsen E, Mikhailov VV, Bae KS (2004) Maribacter gen. nov., a new member of the family Flavobacteriaceae, isolated from marine habitats, containing the species Maribacter sedimenticola sp. nov., Maribacter aquivivus sp. nov., Maribacter orientalis sp. nov. and Maribacter ulvicola sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54:1017–1023
Nedashkovskaya OI, Kim SB, Lysenko AM, Frolova GM, Mikhailov VV, Bae KS, Lee DH, Kim IS (2005) Gramella echinicola gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel halophilic bacterium of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:391–394
Neutzling O, Imhoff JF, Trüper HG (1984) Rhodopseudomonas adriatica sp. nov., a new species of the Rhodospirillaceae, dependent on reduced sulfur compounds. Arch Microbiol 137:256–261
Niderberger TD, Steven B, Charvet S, Barbier B, Whyte LG (2009) Virgibacillus arcticus sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, endospore-forming bacterium from permafrost in the Canadian high Arctic. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:2219–2225
Nonomura H, Ohara Y (1971) Distribution of actinomycetes in soil. X. New genus and species of monosporic actinomycetes in soil. J Ferment Technol 49:895–903
Nübel U, Garcia-Pichel F, Muyzer G (2000) The halotolerance and phylogeny of cyanobacteria with tightly coiled trichomes (Spirulina Turpin) and the description of Halospirulina tapeticola gen. nov., sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 50:1265–1277
Olliver B, Cayol JL (2005) The fermentative, iron-reducing, and nitrate-reducing microorganisms. In: Olliver B, Magot M (eds) Petroleum microbiology. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, pp 71–81
Ollivier B, Hatchikian CE, Prensier G, Guezennec J, Garcia JL (1991) Desulfohalobium retbaense gen. nov., sp. nov., a halophilic sulfate-reducing bacterium from sediments of a hypersaline lake in Senegal. Int J Syst Bacteriol 41:74–81
Ollivier B, Fardeau M-L, Cayol J-L, Magot M, Patel BKC, Prensier G, Garcia J-L (1998) Methanocalculus halotolerans gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from an oil-producing well. Int J Syst Bacteriol 48:821–828
Onishi H, Kamekura M (1972) Micrococcus halobius sp. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 22:233–236
Oren A (1983) Clostridium lortetii sp. nov., a obligatory anaerobic bacterium produceing endospores with attached gas vacuoles. Arch Microbiol 136:42–48
Oren A (2000) Change of the names Haloanaerobiales, Haloanaerobiaceae and Haloanaerobium to Halanerobiales, Halanaerobiaceae and Halanaerobium, respectively, and further nomenclatural changes within the order Halanaerobiales. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 50:2229–2230
Oren A (2002) Halophilic microorganisms and their environments. Kluwer, Dordrecht
Oren A (2004) A proposal for further integration of the cyanobacteria under the Bacteriological Code. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54:1895–1902
Oren A (2009) Problems associated with the taxonomic validation of the cyanobacterial genus Halothece by Margheri et al. 2008. Phycologia 47:477–486, Phycologia 48:313–314
Oren A, Ventosa A (1996) A proposal for the transfer of Halorubrobacterium distributum and Halorubrobacterium coriense to the genus Halorubrum as Halorubrum distributum comb. nov. and Halorubrum coriense comb. nov., respectively. Int J Syst Bacteriol 46:1180
Oren A, Weisburg WG, Kessel M, Woese CR (1984) Halobacteroides halobius gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic anaerobic bacterium from the bottom sediments of the Dead Sea. Syst Appl Microbiol 5:58–69
Oren A, Pohla H, Stackebrandt E (1987) Transfer of Clostridium lortetii to a new genus, Sporohalobacter gen. nov. as Sporohalobacter lortetii comb. nov., and description of Sporohalobacter marismortui sp. nov. Syst Appl Microbiol 9:239–246
Oren A, Ginzburg M, Ginzburg BZ, Hochstein LI, Volcani BE (1990) Haloarcula marismortui (Volcani) sp. nov., nom. rev., an extremely halophilic bacterium from the Dead Sea. Int J Syst Bacteriol 40:209–210
Oren A, Gurevich P, Gemmell RT, Teske A (1995) Halobaculum gomorrense gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel extremely halophilic archaeon from the Dead Sea. Int J Syst Bacteriol 45:747–754
Oren A, Ventosa A, Grant WD (1997) Proposal of minimal standards for the description of new taxa in the order Halobacteriales. Int J Syst Bacteriol 47:233–238
Oren A, Ventosa A, Gutiérrez MC, Kamekura M (1999) Haloarcula quadrata sp. nov., a square, motile archaeon isolated from a brine pool in Sinai (Egypt). Int J Syst Bacteriol 49:1149–1155
Oren A, Elevi R, Watanabe S, Ihara K, Corcelli A (2002) Halomicrobium mukohataei gen. nov., comb. nov., and emended description of Halomicrobium mukohataei. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52:1831–1835
Oren A, Arahal DR, Ventosa A (2009) Emended descriptions of genera of the family Halobacteriaceae. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:637–642
Ota K, Kiyomiya A, Koyama N, Nosoh Y (1975) The basis of the alkalophilic property of a species of Bacillus. J Gen Microbiol 86:259–266
Pakdeeto A, Tanasupawat S, Thawai C, Moonmangmee S, Kudo T, Itoh T (2007a) Lentibacillus kapialis sp. nov., from fermented shrimp paste in Thailand. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:364–369
Pakdeeto A, Tanasupawat S, Thawai C, Moonmangmee S, Kudo T, Itoh T (2007b) Salinicoccus siamensis sp. nov., isolated from fermented shrimp paste in Thailand. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:2004–2008
Park JR, Bae JW, Nam YD, Chang HW, Kwon HY, Quan ZX, Park YH (2007) Sulfitobacter litoralis sp. nov., a marine bacterium isolated from the East Sea, Korea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:692–695
Paterek JR, Smith PH (1988) Methanohalophilus mahii gen. nov., sp. nov., a methylotrophic halophilic methanogen. Int J Syst Bacteriol 38:122–123
Peçonek J, Gruber C, Gallego V, Ventosa A, Busse H-J, Kämpfer P, Radax C, Stan-Lotter H (2006) Reclassification of Pseudomonas beijerinckii Hof 1935 as Chromohalobacter beijerinckii comb. nov., and emended description of the species. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:1953–1957
Pesenti PT, Sikaroodi M, Gillevet PM, Sánchez-Porro C, Ventosa A, Litchfield CD (2008) Halorubrum californiense sp. nov., an extreme archaeal halophile isolated from a crystallizer pond at a solar salt plant in California, USA. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:2710–2715
Pfenning N, Trüper HG (1971) Higher taxa of the phototrophic bacteria. Int J Syst Bacteriol 21:17–18
Postgate JR, Campbell LL (1966) Classification of Desulfovibrio species, the nonsporulating sulfate-reducing bacteria. Bacteriol Rev 30:732–738
Prado B, Lizama C, Aguilera M, Ramos-Cormenzana A, Fuentes S, Campos V, Monteoliva-Sánchez M (2006) Chromohalobacter nigrandesensis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, Gram-negative bacterium isolated from Lake Tebenquiche on the Atacama Saltern, Chile. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:647–651
Purdy KJ, Cresswell-Maynard TD, Nedwell DB, MacGenity TJ, Grant WD, Timmis KN, Embley TM (2004) Isolation of haloarchaea that grow at low salinities. Environ Microbiol 6:591–595
Quillaguamán J, Delgado O, Mattiasson B, Hatti-Kaul R (2004a) Chromohalobacter sarecensis sp. nov., a pyschrotolerant moderate halophile isolated from the saline Andean region of Bolivia. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54:1921–1926
Quillaguamán J, Hatti-Kaul R, Mattiasson B, Alvarez MT, Delgado O (2004b) Halomonas boliviensis sp. nov., an alkalitolerant, moderate halophile isolated from soil around a Bolivian hypersaline lake. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54:721–725
Rainey FA, Zhilina TN, Boulygina ES, Stackebrandt E, Tourova TP, Zavarzin GA (1995) The taxonomic status of the fermentative halophilic anaerobic bacteria: description of Haloanaerobiales ord. nov., Halobacteroidaceae fam. nov., Orenia gen. nov. and further taxonomic rearrangements at the genus and species level. Anaerobe 1:185–199
Rainey FA, Ward-Rainey N, Kroppenstedt RM, Stackebrandt E (1996) The genus Nocardiopsis represents a phylogenetically coherent taxon and a distinct actinomycete lineage: proposal of Nocardiopsaceae fam. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 46:1088–1092
Ravot G, Magot M, Ollivier B, Patel BKC, Ageron E, Grimont PAD, Thomas P, García J-L (1997) Halanaerobium congolense sp. nov., an anaerobic, moderately halophilic, thiosulfate- and sulphur-reducing bacterium from an African oil field. FEMS Microbiol Lett 147:81–88
Ren P-G, Zhou P-J (2005a) Tenuibacillus multivorans gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from saline soil in Xin-Jiang, China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:95–99
Ren P-G, Zhou P-J (2005b) Salinibacillus aidingensis gen. nov., sp. nov. and Salinibacillus kushneri sp. nov., moderately halophilic bacteria isolated from a neutral saline lake in Xin-Jiang, China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:949–953
Rijkenberg MJA, Kort R, Hellingwerf KJ (2001) Alkalispirillum mobile gen. nov., spec. nov., an alkaliphilic non-phototrophic member of the Ectothiorhodospiraceae. Arch Microbiol 175:369–375
Roeβler M, Müller V (1998) Quantitative and physiological analysis of chloride dependence of growth of Halobacillus halophilus. Appl Environ Microbiol 64:3813–3817
Roeβler M, Müller V (2001) Chloride dependence of glycine betaine transport in Halobacillus halophilus. FEBS Lett 489:125–128
Roeβler M, Müller V (2002) Chloride, a new environmental signal molecule involved in gene regulation in a moderately halophilic bacterium, Halobacillus halophilus. J Bacteriol 184:6207–6215
Roeβler M, Wanner G, Müller V (2000) Motility and flagellum synthesis in Halobacillus halophilus are chloride dependent. J Bacteriol 182:532–535
Roh SW, Bae JW (2009) Halorubrum cibi sp. nov., an extremely halophilic archaeon from salt-fermented seafood. J Microbiol 47:162–166
Roh SW, Nam YD, Chang HW, Sung Y, Kim KH, Lee HJ, Oh HM, Bae JW (2007a) Natronococcus jeotgali sp. nov., a halophilic archaeon isolated from shrimp jeotgal, a traditional fermented seafood from Korea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:2129–2131
Roh SW, Nam YD, Chang HW, Sung Y, Kim KH, Oh HM, Bae JW (2007b) Halalkalicoccus jeotgali sp. nov., a halophilic archaeon from shrimp jeotgal, a traditional Korean fermented seafood. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:2296–2298
Roh SW, Quan Z-X, Nam Y-D, Chang H-W, Kim K-H, Rhee S-K, Oh H-M, Jeon CO, Yoon J-H, Bae J-W (2008) Marinobacter goseongensis sp. nov., from seawater. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:2866–2870
Roh SW, Nam YD, Chang HW, Kim KH, Sung Y, Kim MS, Oh HM, Bae JW (2009) Haloterrigena jeotgali sp. nov., an extremely halophilic archaeon from salt-fermented food. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:2359–2363
Romanenko LA, Schumann P, Rohde M, Mikhailov VV, Stackebrandt E (2002) Halomonas halocynthiae sp. nov., isolated from the marine ascidian Halocynthia aurantium. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52:1767–1772
Romano I, Nicolaus B, Lama L, Manca MC, Gambacorta A (1996) Characterization of a haloalkalophilic strictly aerobic bacterium, isolated from Pantelleria Island. Syst Appl Microbiol 19:326–333
Romano I, Giordano A, Lama L, Nicolaus B, Gambacorta A (2005a) Halomonas campaniensis sp. nov., a haloalkaliphilic bacterium isolated from a mineral pool of Campania Region, Italy. Syst Appl Microbiol 28:610–618
Romano I, Lama L, Nicolaus B, Gambacorta A, Giordano A (2005b) Bacillus saliphilus sp. nov., isolated from a mineral pool in Campania, Italy. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:159–163
Romano I, Lama L, Nicolaus B, Gambacorta A, Giordano A (2005c) Alkalibacillus filiformis sp. nov., isolated from a mineral pool in Campania, Italy. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:2395–2399
Romano I, Lama L, Nicolaus B, Poli A, Gambacorta A, Giordano A (2006a) Halomonas alkaliphila sp. nov., a novel halotolerant alkaliphilic bacterium isolated from a salt pool in Campania (Italy). J Gen Appl Microbiol 52:339–348
Romano I, Lama L, Nicolaus B, Poli A, Gambacorta A, Giordano A (2006b) Oceanobacillus oncorhynchi subsp. incaldenensis subsp. nov., an alkalitolerant halophile isolated from an algal mat collected from a sulphurous spring in Campania (Italy), and emended description of Oceanobacillus oncorhynchi. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:805–810
Romano I, Poli A, Finore I, Huertas FJ, Gambacorta A, Pelliccione S, Nicolaus G, Lama L, Nicolaus B (2007) Haloterrigena hispanica sp. nov., an extremely halophilic archaeon from Fuente de Piedra, southern Spain. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:1499–1503
Romano I, Finore I, Nicolaus G, Huertas FJ, Lama L, Nicolaus B, Poli A (2008) Halobacillus alkaliphilus sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium isolated from a salt lake in Fuente de Piedra, southern Spain. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:886–890
Ruan JS, Al-Tai AM, Zhou ZH, Qu LH (1994) Actinopolyspora iraqiensis sp. nov., a new halophilic actinomycete isolated from soil. Int J Syst Bacteriol 44:759–763
Sánchez-Porro C, Tokunaga H, Tokunaga M, Ventosa A (2007) Chromohalobacter japonicus sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a Japanese salty food. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:2262–2266
Sánchez-Porro C, Amoozegar A, Rohban R, Hajighasemi M, Ventosa A (2009a) Thalassobacillus cyri sp. nov., a moderately halophilic Gram-positive bacterium from a hypersaline lake. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:2565–2570
Sánchez-Porro C, de la Haba RR, Soto-Ramírez N, Márquez MC, Montalvo-Rodríguez R, Ventosa A (2009b) Description of Kushneria aurantia gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of the family Halomonadaceae, and a proposal for reclassification of Halomonas marisflavi as Kushneria marisflavi comb. nov., of Halomonas indalinina as Kushneria indalinina comb. nov. and of Halomonas avicenniae as Kushneria avicenniae comb. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:397–405
Saum SH, Müller V (2007) Salinity-dependent switching of osmolyte strategies in a moderately halophilic bacterium: glutamate induces proline biosynthesis in Halobacillus halophilus. J Bacteriol 189:6968–6975
Saum SH, Müller V (2008) Growth phase-dependent switch in osmolyte strategy in a moderate halophile: ectoine is a minor osmolyte but major stationary phase solute in Halobacillus halophilus. Environ Microbiol 10:716–726
Savage KN, Krumholz LR, Oren A, Elshahed MS (2007) Haladaptatus paucihalophilus gen. nov., sp. nov., a halophilic archaeon isolated from a low-salt, sulfide-rich spring. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:19–24
Savage KN, Krumholz LR, Oren A, Elshahed MS (2008) Halosarcina pallida gen. nov., sp. nov., a halophilic archaeon from a low-salt, sulfide-rich spring. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:856–860
Schäfer J, Martin K, Kämpfer P (2010) Prauserella muralis sp. nov., from an indoor environment. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 60:287–290
Schleifer K-H (2009) Phylum XIII. Firmicutes Gibbons and Murray 1978, 5 (Firmacutes [sic] Gibbons and Murray 1978, 5). In: Whitman WB (ed) Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology, vol 3, 2nd edn, The Frimicutes. Springer, New York, p 19
Schlesner H, Lawson PA, Collins MD, Weiss N, Wehmeyer U, Völker H, Thomm M (2001) Filobacillus milensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a new halophilic spore-forming bacterium with Orn-D-Glu-type peptidoglycan. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 51:425–431
Severin J, Wohlfarth A, Galinski EA (1992) The predominant role of recently discovered tetrahydropyrimidines for the osmoadaptation of halophilic eubacteria. J Gen Microbiol 138:1629–1638
Shieh WY, Jean WD, Lin YT, Tseng M (2003) Marinobacter lutaoensis sp. nov., a thermotolerant marine bacterium isolated from a coastal hot spring in Lutao, Taiwan. Can J Microbiol 49:244–252
Shivaji S, Gupta P, Chaturvedi P, Suresh K, Delille D (2005) Marinobacter maritimus sp. nov., a psychrotolerant strain isolated from sea water off the subantarctic Kerguelen islands. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:1453–1456
Simankova MV, Chernych NA, Osipov GA, Zavarzin GA (1993) Halocella cellulolytica gen. nov., sp. nov., a new obligately anaerobic, halophilic, cellulolytic bacterium. Syst Appl Microbiol 16:385–389
Simankova MV, Chernych NA, Osipov GA, Zavarzin GA (1994) Halocella cellulolytica gen. nov., sp. nov. In validation of the publication of new names and new combinations previously effectively published outside the IJSB, List no. 48. Int J Syst Bacteriol 44:182–183
Sokolova T, Hanel J, Onyenwoke RU, Reysenbach A-L, Banta A, Geyer R, González JM, Whitman WB, Wiegel J (2007) Novel chemolithotrophic, thermophilic, anaerobic bacteria Thermolithobacter ferrireducens gen. nov., sp. nov., and Thermolithobacter carboxydivorans sp. nov. Extremophiles 11:145–157
Sorokin DY, Tindall BJ (2006) The status of the genus name Halovibrio Fendrich 1989 and the identity of the strains Pseudomonas halophila DSM 3050 and Halomonas variabilis DSM 3051. Request for an Opinion. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:487–489
Sorokin DY, Gorlenko VM, Tourova TP, Tsapin AI, Nealson KH, Kuenen GJ (2002) Thioalkalimicrobium cyclicum sp. nov. and Thioalkalivibrio jannaschii sp. nov., novel species of haloalkaliphilic, obligately chemolithoautotrophic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria from hypersaline alkaline Mono Lake (California). Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52:913–920
Sorokin DY, Tourova TP, Galinski EA, Belloch C, Tindall BJ (2006a) Extremely halophilic denitrifying bacteria from hypersaline inland lakes, Halovibrio denitrificans sp. nov. and Halospina denitrificans gen. nov., sp. nov., and evidence that the genus name Halovibrio Fendrich 1989 with the type species Halovibrio variabilis should be associated with DSM 3050. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:379–388
Sorokin DY, Tourova TP, Kolganova TV, Spiridonova EM, Berg IA, Muyzer G (2006b) Thiomicrospira halophila sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, obligately chemolithoautotrophic, sulfur-oxidizing bacterium from hypersaline lakes. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:2375–2380
Sorokin DY, Tourova TP, Bezsoudnova EY, Pol A, Muyzer G (2007a) Denitrification in a binary culture and thiocyanate metabolism in Thiohalophilus thiocyanoxidans gen. nov. sp. nov. - a moderately halophilic chemolithoautotrophic sulfur-oxidizing Gammaproteobacterium from hypersaline lakes. Arch Microbiol 187:441–450
Sorokin DY, Tourova TP, Braker G, Muyzer G (2007b) Thiohalomonas denitrificans gen. nov., sp. nov. and Thiohalomonas nitratireducens sp. nov., novel obligately chemolithoautotrophic, moderately halophilic, thiodenitrifying Gammaproteobacteria from hypersaline habitats. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:1582–1589
Sorokin DY, Trotsenko YA, Doronina NV, Tourova TP, Galinski EA, Kolganova TV, Muyzer G (2007c) Methylohalomonas lacus gen. nov., sp. nov. and Methylonatrum kenyense gen. nov., sp. nov., methylotrophic gammaproteobacteria from hypersaline lakes. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:2762–2769
Sorokin DY, Tourova TP, Galinski EA, Muyzer G, Kuenen JG (2008a) Thiohalorhabdus denitrificans gen. nov., sp. nov., an extremely halophilic, sulfur-oxidizing, deep-lineage gammaproteobacterium from hypersaline habitats. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:2890–2897
Sorokin DY, Tourova TP, Henstra AM, Stams AJM, Galinski EA, Muyzer G (2008b) Sulfidogenesis under extremely haloalkaline conditions by Desulfonatronospira thiodismutans gen. nov., sp. nov., and Desulfonatronospira delicata sp. nov. - a novel lineage of Deltaproteobacteria from hypersaline soda lakes. Microbiology 154:1444–1453
Sorokin DY, Tourova TP, Mussmann M, Muyzer G (2008c) Dethiobacter alkaliphilus gen. nov. sp. nov., and Desulfurivibrio alkaliphilus gen. nov. sp. nov.: two novel representatives of reductive sulfur cycle from soda lakes. Extremophiles 12:431–439
Sorokin DY, Tourova TP, Muyzer G, Kuenen GJ (2008d) Thiohalospira halophila gen. nov., sp. nov., and Thiohalospira alkaliphila sp. nov., novel obligately chemolithoautotrophic, halophilic, sulfur-oxidizing gammaproteobacteria from hypersaline habitats. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:1685–1692
Soto-Ramírez N, Sánchez-Porro C, Rosa-Padilla S, Almodovar K, Jiménez G, Machado-Rodríguez M, Zapata M, Ventosa A, Montalvo-Rodríguez R (2008) Halobacillus mangrovi sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a black mangrove Avicennia germinans. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:125–130
Spring S, Ludwig W, Marquez MC, Ventosa A, Schleifer KH (1996) Halobacillus gen. nov., with descriptions of Halobacillus litoralis sp. nov., and Halobacillus trueperi sp. nov., and transfer of Sporosarcina halophila to Halobacillus halophilus comb. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 46:492–496
Stackebrandt E, Liesack W (1993) Nucleic acids and classification. In: Goofellow M, O’Donnell AG (eds) Handbook of new bacterial systematics. Academic, London, pp 152–189
Stackebrandt E, Schumann P (2000) Description of Bogoriellaceae fam. nov., Dermacoccaceae fam. nov., Rarobacteraceae fam. nov. and Sanguibacteraceae fam. nov. and emendation of some families of the suborder Micrococcineae. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 50:1279–1285
Stackebrandt E, Koch C, Gvozdiak O, Schumann P (1995) Taxonomic dissection of the genus Micrococcus: Kocuria gen. nov., Nesterenkonia gen. nov., Kytococcus gen. nov., Dermacoccus gen. nov., and Micrococcus Cohn 1872 gen. emend. Int J Syst Bacteriol 45:682–692
Stackebrandt E, Rainey FA, Ward-Rainey L (1997) Proposal for a new hierarchic classification system, Actinobacteria classis nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 47:79–491
Stackebrandt E, Schumann P, Cui X-L (2004) Reclassification of Cellulosimicrobium variabile Bakalidou et al. 2002 as Isoptericola variabilis gen. nov., comb. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54:685–688
Stan-Lotter H, Pfaffenhuemer M, Legat A, Busse HJ, Radax C, Gruber C (2002) Halococcus dombrowskii sp. nov., an archaeal isolate from a Permian alpine salt deposit. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52:1807–1814
Switzer Blum J, Stolz JF, Oren A, Oremland RS (2001) Selenihalanaerobacter shriftii gen. nov., sp. nov., a halophilic anaerobe from Dead Sea sediments that respires selenate. Arch Microbiol 175:208–219
Syed DG, Tang SK, Cai M, Zhi XY, Agasar D, Lee JC, Kim CJ, Jiang CL, Xu LH, Li WJ (2008) Saccharomonospora saliphila sp. nov., a halophilic actinomycete from an Indian soil. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:570–573
Takashina T, Hamamoto T, Otozai K, Grant WD, Horikoshi K (1990) Haloarcula japonica sp. nov., a new triangular halophilic archaebacterium. Syst Appl Microbiol 13:177–181
Tanasupawat S, Pakdeeto A, Namwong S, Thawai C, Kudo T, Itoh T (2006) Lentibacillus halophilus sp. nov., from fish sauce in Thailand. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:1859–1863
Tanasupawat S, Namwong S, Kudo T, Itoh T (2007) Piscibacillus salispicarius gen. nov. sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium from fermented fish (pla-ra) in Thailand. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:1413–1417
Tang S-K, Tian X-P, Zhi X-Y, Cai M, Wu J-Y, Yang L-L, Xu L-H, Li W-J (2008a) Haloactinospora alba gen. nov., sp. nov., a halophilic filamentous actinomycete of the family Nocardiopsaceae. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:2075–2080
Tang S-K, Wang Y, Cai M, Lou K, Mao P-H, Jin X, Jiang C-L, Xu L-H, Li W-J (2008b) Microbulbifer halophilus sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium from north-west China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:2036–2040
Tang S-K, Wang Y, Cai M, Zhi X-Y, Lou K, Xu L-H, Jiang C-L, Li W-J (2009a) Saccharopolyspora halophila sp. nov., a novel halophilic actinomycete isolated from a saline lake in China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:555–558
Tang S-K, Wang Y, Lou K, Mao P-H, Jin X, Jiang C-L, Xu L-H, Li W-J (2009b) Gracilibacillus saliphilus sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a salt lake. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:1620–1624
Tang S-K, Wang Y, Wu J-Y, Cao L-L, Lou K, Xu L-H, Jiang C-L, Li W-J (2009c) Saccharopolyspora qijiaojingensis sp. nov., a halophilic actinomycete isolated from a salt lake. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:2166–2170
Tang S-K, Wang Y, Guan T-W, Lee J-C, Kim C-J, Li W-J (2010a) Amycolatopsis halophila sp. nov., a halophilic actinomycete isolated from a salt lake. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 60:1073–1078
Tang S-K, Wang Y, Lee J-C, Lou K, Park D-J, Kim C-J, Li W-J (2010b) Georgenia halophila sp. nov., a halophilic actinobacterium isolated from a salt lake. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 60:1317–1421
Tang S-K, Zhi X-Y, Wang Y, Wu J-Y, Lee J-C, Kim C-J, Lou K, Xu L-H, Li W-J (2010c) Haloactinobacterium album gen. nov., sp. nov., a halophilic actinobacterium, and proposal of Ruaniaceae fam. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 60:2113–2119
Tapingkae W, Tanasupawat S, Itoh T, Parkin KL, Benjakul S, Visessanguan W, Valyasevi R (2008) Natrinema gari sp. nov., a halophilic archaeon isolated from fish sauce in Thailand. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:2378–2383
Tardy-Jacquenod C, Magot M, Laigret F, Kaghad M, Patel BKC, Guezennec J, Matheron R, Caumette P (1996) Desulfovibrio gabonensis sp. nov., a new moderately halophilic sulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from an oil pipeline. Int J Syst Bacteriol 46:710–715
Tian X-P, Dastager SG, Lee J-C, Tang S-K, Zhang Y-Q (2007) Alkalibacillus halophilus sp. nov., a new halophilic species isolated from hypersaline soil in Xin-Jiang province, China. Syst Appl Microbiol 30:268–272
Tian X-P, Tang S-K, Dong J-D, Zhang Y-Q, Xu L-H, Zhang S, Li W-J (2009) Marinactinospora thermotolerans gen. nov., sp. nov., a marine actinomycete isolated from a sediment in the northern South China Sea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:948–952
Tindall BJ, Ross HNM, Grant WD (1984) Natronobacterium gen. nov. and Natronococcus gen. nov., two new genera of haloalkaliphilic archaebacteria. Syst Appl Microbiol 5:41–57
Tindall BJ, Tomlinson GA, Hochstein LI (1989) Transfer of Halobacterium denitrificans (Tomlinson, Jahnke, and Hochstein) to the genus Haloferax as Haloferax denitrificans comb. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 39:359–360
Tokuda H, Unemoto T (1981) A respiration-dependent primary sodium extrusion system functioning at alkaline pH in the marine bacterium Vibrio alginolyticus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 102:265–271
Tokuda H, Unemoto T (1984) Na+ is translocated at NADH: quinone oxidoreductase segment in the respiratory chain of Vibrio alginolyticus. J Biol Chem 259:7785–7790
Torreblanca M, Rodriguez-Valera F, Juez G, Ventosa A, Kamekura M, Kates M (1986) Classification of non-alkaliphilic halobacteria based on numerical taxonomy and polar lipid composition, and description of Haloarcula gen. nov. and Haloferax gen. nov. Syst Appl Microbiol 8:89–99
Tsai CR, García J-L, Patel BKC, Cayol J-L, Baresi L, Mah RA (1995) Halanaerobium alcaliphilum sp. nov., an anaerobic moderate halophile from the sediments of Great Salt Lake, Utah. Int J Syst Bacteriol 45:301–307
Ueno S, Kaieda N, Koyama N (2000) Characterization of P-type Na+ -ATPase of facultatively anaerobic alkaliphile, Exiguobacterium aurantiacum. J Biol Chem 275:14537–14540
Urdiain M, López-López A, Gonzalo C, Busse HJ, Langer S, Kämpfer P, Rosselló-Mora R (2008) Reclassification of Rhodobium marinum and Rhodobium pfennigii as Afifella marina gen. nov. comb. nov. and Afifella pfennigii comb. nov., a new genus of photoheterotrophic Alphaproteobacteria and emended descriptions of Rhodobium, Rhodobium orientis and Rhodobium gokarnense. Syst Appl Microbiol 31:339–351
Urios L, Agogué H, Intertaglia L, Lesongeur F, Lebaron P (2008a) Melitea salexigens gen. nov., sp. nov., a gammaproteobacterium from the Mediterranean Sea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:2479–2483
Urios L, Intertaglia L, Lesongeur F, Lebaron P (2008b) Haliea salexigens gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the Gammaproteobacteria from the Mediterranean Sea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:1233–1237
Usami R, Echigo A, Fukushima T, Mizuki T, Yoshida Y, Kamekura M (2007) Alkalibacillus silvisoli sp. nov., an alkaliphilic moderate halophile isolated from non-saline forest soil in Japan. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:770–774
Vaisman N, Oren A (2009) Salisaeta longa gen. nov., sp. nov., a red, halophilic member of the Bacteroidetes. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:2571–2574
Van Trappen S, Tan TL, Yang J, Mergaert J, Swings J (2004a) Alteromonas stellipolaris sp. nov., a novel, budding, prosthecate bacterium from Antarctic seas, and emended description of the genus Alteromonas. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54:1157–1163
Van Trappen S, Tan TL, Yang J, Mergaert J, Swings J (2004b) Glaciecola polaris sp. nov., a novel budding and prosthecate bacterium from the Arctic Ocean, and emended description of the genus Glaciecola. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54:1765–1771
Vandecandelaere I, Nercessian O, Segaert E, Achouak W, Mollica A, Faimali M, de De Vos P, Vandamme P et al (2008) Alteromonas genovensis sp. nov., isolated from a marine electroactive biofilm and emended description of Alteromonas macleodii Baumann et al. 1972 (Approved lists 1980). Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:2589–2596
Vargas C, Jebbar M, Carrasco R, Blanco C, Calderón MI, Iglesias-Guerra F, Nieto JJ (2006) Ectoines as compatible solutes and carbon and energy sources for the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens. J Appl Microbiol 100:98–107
Vargas C, Argandoña M, Reina-Bueno M, Rodríguez-Moya J, Fernández-Aunión C, Nieto JJ (2008) Unravelling the adaptation responses to osmotic and temperature stress in Chromohalobacter salexigens, a bacterium with broad salinity tolerance. Saline Syst 15:4–14
Venkateswaran K, Dohmoto N (2000) Pseudoalteromonas peptidolytica sp. nov., a novel marine mussel-thread-degrading bacterium isolated from the Sea of Japan. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 50:565–574
Ventosa A (2006) Unusual micro-organisms from unusual habitats: hypersaline environments. In: Logan NA, Lappin-Scott HM, Oyston PCF (eds) Prokaryotic diversity: mechanisms and significance. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 223–253
Ventosa A, Gutierrez MC, Garcia MT, Ruiz-Berraquero F (1989) Classification of “Chromobacterium marismortui” in a new genus, Chromohalobacter gen. nov., as Chromohalobacter marismortui comb. nov., nom. rev. Int J Syst Bacteriol 39:382–386
Ventosa A, Márquez MC, Ruíz-Berraquero F, Kocur M (1990) Salinicoccus roseus gen. nov., sp. nov., a new moderately halophilic Gram-positive coccus. Syst Appl Microbiol 13:29–33
Ventosa A, Márquez MC, Weiss N, Tindall BJ (1992) Transfer of Marinococcus hispanicus to the genus Salinicoccus as Salinicoccus hispanicus comb. nov. Syst Appl Microbiol 15:530–534
Ventosa A, Nieto JJ, Oren A (1998) Biology of moderately halophilic aerobic bacteria. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 62:504–544
Ventosa A, Gutiérrez MC, Kamekura M, Dyall-Smith ML (1999) Proposal to transfer Halococcus turkmenicus, Halobacterium trapanicum JCM 9743 and strain GSL-11 to Haloterrigena turkmenica gen. nov., comb. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 49:131–136
Ventosa A, Gutiérrez MC, Kamekura M, Zvyagintseva IS, Oren A (2004) Taxonomic study of Halorubrum distributum and proposal of Halorubrum terrestre sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54:389–392
Ventura S, Viti C, Pastorelli R, Giovannetti L (2000) Revision of species delineation in the genus Ectothiorhodospira. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 50:583–591
Vreeland RH, Litchfield CD, Martin EL, Elliot E (1980) Halomonas elongata, a new genus and species of extremely salt-tolerant bacteria. Int J Syst Bacteriol 30:485–495
Vreeland RH, Straight S, Krammes J, Dougherty K, Rosenzweig WD, Kamekura M (2002) Halosimplex carlsbadense gen. nov., sp. nov., a unique halophilic archaeon, with three 16S rRNA genes, that grows only in defined medium with glycerol and acetate or pyruvate. Extremophiles 6:445–452
Wagner-Döbler I, Rheims H, Felske A, El-Ghezal A, Flade-Schröder D, Laatsch H, Lang S, Pukall R, Tindall BJ (2002) Oceanibulbus indolifex gen. nov., sp. nov., a North Sea alphaproteobacterium that produces bioactive metabolites. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54:1177–1184
Wainø M, Tindall BJ, Schumann P, Ingvorsen K (1999) Gracilibacillus gen. nov., with description of Gracilibacillus halotolerans gen. nov., sp. nov.; transfer of Bacillus dipsosauri to Gracilibacillus dipsosauri comb. nov., and Bacillus salexigens to the genus Salibacillus gen. nov., as Salibacillus salexigens comb. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 49:821–831
Wainø M, Tindall BJ, Ingvorsen K (2000) Halorhabdus utahensis gen. nov., sp. nov., an aerobic, extremely halophilic member of the Archaea from Great Salt Lake, Utah. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 50:183–190
Walsby AE, Van Rijn J, Cohen Y (1983) The biology of a new gas-vacuolate cyanobacterium, Dactylococcopsis salina sp. nov., in Solar Lake. Proc R Soc Lond B 217:417–447
Wang Q-F, Li W, Liu Y-L, Cao H-H, Li Z, Guo G-Q (2007a) Bacillus qingdaonensis sp. nov., a moderately haloalkaliphilic bacterium isolated from a crude sea-salt sample collected near Qingdao in eastern China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:1143–1147
Wang Q-F, Li W, Yang H, Liu Y-L, Cao H-H, Dornmayr-Pfaffenhuemer M, Stan-Lotter H, Guo G-Q (2007b) Halococcus qingdaonensis sp. nov., a halophilic archaeon isolated from a crude sea-salt sample. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:600–604
Wang Y-N, Cai H, Chi C-Q, Lu A-H, Lin X-G, Jiang Z-F, Wu X-L (2007c) Halomonas shengliensis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, denitrifying, crude-oil-utilizing bacterium. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:1222–1226
Wang Y-N, Cai H, Yu S-L, Wang Z-Y, Liu J, Wu X-L (2007d) Halomonas gudaonensis sp. nov., isolated from a saline soil contaminated by crude oil. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:911–915
Wang C-Y, Chang C-C, Ng C-C, Chen T-W, Shyu Y-T (2008a) Virgibacillus chiguensis sp. nov., a novel halophilic bacterium isolated from Chigu, a previously commercial saltern located in southern Taiwan. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:341–345
Wang X, Xue Y, Yuan S, Zhou C, Ma Y (2008b) Salinicoccus halodurans sp. nov., a moderately halophile from saline soil in China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:1537–1541
Wang Y, Tang S-K, Lou K, Mao P-H, Jin X, Jiang C-L, Xu L-H, Li W-J (2008c) Halomonas lutea sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a salt lake. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58: 2065–2069
Wang Y, Wu Y-H, Wang C-S, Xu X-W, Oren A, Zhu X-F, Wu M (2008d) Halomonas salifodinae sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium isolated from a salt mine in China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:2855–2858
Wang B, Tan T, Shao Z (2009a) Roseovarius pacificus sp. nov., isolated from deep-sea sediment. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:1116–1121
Wang C-Y, Ng C-C, Tzeng W-S, Shyu Y-T (2009b) Marinobacter szutsaonensis sp. nov., isolated from a solar saltern. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:2605–2609
Wang X, Xue Y, Ma Y (2009c) Sediminibacillus albus sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, Gram-positive bacterium isolated from a hypersaline lake, and emended description of the genus Sediminibacillus Carrasco et al2008. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:1640–1644
Wang Y, Tang S-K, Lou K, Lee J-C, Jeon C-O, Xu L-H, Kim C-J, Li W-J (2009d) Aidingimonas halophila gen. nov., sp. nov., moderately halophilic bacteria isolated from a salt lake. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:3088–3094
Wang Y, Tang S-K, Lou K, Mao P-H, Jin X, Jiang C-L, Xu L-H, Li W-J (2009e) Paracoccus saliphilus sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium isolated from a saline soil. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:1924–1928
Wang Y-X, Liu J-H, Zhang X-X, Chen Y-G, Wang Z-G, Chen Y, Li Q-Y, Peng Q, Cui X-L (2009f) Fodinicurvata sediminis gen. nov., sp. nov. and Fodinicurvata fenggangensis sp. nov., poly-β-hydroxybutyrate-producing bacteria in the family Rhodospirillaceae. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:2575–2581
Wang Y-X, Wang Z-G, Liu J-H, Chen Y-G, Zhang X-X, Wen M-L, Xu L-H, Peng Q, Cui X-L (2009g) Sediminimonas qiaohouensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the Roseobacter clade in the order Rhodobacterales. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:1561–1567
Wang J, Li Y, Bian J, Tang S-K, Ren B, Chen M, Li W-K, Zhang L-X (2010) Prauserella marina sp. nov., isolated from ocean sediment of the South China Sea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 60:985–989
Weiner RM, Devine RA, Powell DM, Dagasan L, Moore RL (1985) Hyphomonas oceanitis sp. nov., Hyphomonas hirschiana sp. nov., and Hyphomonas jannaschiana sp. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 35:237–243
Weisser J, Trüper HG (1985) Osmoregulation in a new haloalkaliphilic Bacillus from the Wadi Natrun (Egypt). Syst Appl Microbiol 6:7–11
Wery N, Lesongeur F, Pignet P, Derennes V, Cambon-Bonavita MA, Godfroy A, Barbier G (2001) Marinitoga camini gen. nov., sp. nov., a rod-shaped bacterium belonging to the order Thermotogales, isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 51:495–504
Whitton BA, Potts M (2000) The ecology of cyanobacteria: their diversity in time and space. Kluwer, Dordrecht
Wilharm T, Zhilina TN, Hummel P (1991) DNA-DNA hybridization of methylotrophic halophilic methanogenic bacteria and transfer of Methanococcus halophilus VP to the genus Methanohalophilus as Methanohalophilus halophilus comb. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 41:558–562
Wohlfarth A, Severin J, Galinski EA (1990) The spectrum of compatible solutes in heterotrophic halophilic eubacteria of the family Halomonadaceae. J Gen Microbiol 136:705–712
Wu G, W-u X-Q, Wang Y-N, Chi C-Q, Tang Y-Q, Kida K, Wu X-L, Luan Z-K (2008a) Halomonas daqingensis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from an oilfield soil. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:2859–2865
Wu Y-H, Xu X-W, Huo Y-Y, Zhou P, Zhu X-F, Zhang H-B, Wu M (2008b) Halomonas caseinilytica sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium isolated from a saline lake on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:1259–1262
Wu Y, Lai Q, Zhou Z, Qiao N, Liu C, Shao Z (2009) Alcanivorax hongdengensis sp. nov., an alkane-degrading bacterium isolated from surface seawater of the straits of Malacca and Singapore, producing a lipopeptide as its biosurfactant. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:1474–1479
Xin H, Itoh T, Zhou P, Suzuki K, Kamekura M, Nakase T (2000) Natrinema versiforme sp. nov., an extremely halophilic archaeon from Aibi salt lake, Xinjiang, China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 50:1297–1303
Xu X, Koyama N, Cui M, Yamagishi A, Nosoh Y, Oshima T (1991) Nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding NADH dehydrogenase from an alkalophile, Bacillus sp. strain YN-1. J Biochem 109:678–683 (Tokio)
Xu Y, Zhou P, Tian X (1999) Characterization of two novel haloalkaliphilic archaea Natronorubrum bangense gen. nov., sp. nov. and Natronorubrum tibetense gen. nov., sp. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 49:261–266
Xu Y, Wang Z, Xue Y, Zhou P, Ma Y, Ventosa A, Grant WD (2001) Natrialba hulunbeirensis sp. nov. and Natrialba chahannaoensis sp. nov., novel haloalkaliphilic archaea from soda lakes in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 51:1693–1698
Xu X-W, Liu S-J, Tohty D, Oren A, Wu M, Zhou P-J (2005a) Haloterrigena saccharevitans sp. nov., an extremely halophilic archaeon from Xin-Jiang, China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:2539–2542
Xu X-W, Ren P-G, Liu S-J, Wu M, Zhou P-J (2005b) Natrinema altunense sp. nov., an extremely halophilic archaeon isolated from a salt lake in Altun Mountain in Xinjiang, China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:1311–1314
Xu X-W, Wu M, Zhou P-J, Liu S-J (2005c) Halobiforma lacisalsi sp. nov., isolated from a salt lake in China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:1949–1952
Xu X-W, Wu Y-H, Wang C-S, Oren A, Zhou P-J, Wu M (2007a) Haloferax larsenii sp. nov., an extremely halophilic archaeon from a solar saltern. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:717–720
Xu X-W, Wu Y-H, Zhang H-B, Wu M (2007b) Halorubrum arcis sp. nov., an extremely halophilic archaeon isolated from a saline lake on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:1069–1072
Xu X-W, Wu Y-H, Zhou Z, Wang C-S, Zhou Y-G, Zhang H-B, Wang Y, Wu M (2007c) Halomonas saccharevitans sp. nov., Halomonas arcis sp. nov. and Halomonas subterranea sp. nov., halophilic bacteria isolated from hypersaline environments of China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:1619–1624
Xu X-W, Wu Y-H, Wang C-S, Yang J-Y, Oren A, Wu M (2008) Marinobacter pelagius sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:637–640
Xue Y, Fan H, Ventosa A, Grant WD, Jones BE, Cowan DA, Ma Y (2005) Halalkalicoccus tibetensis gen. nov., sp. nov., representing a novel genus of haloalkaliphilic archaea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:2501–2505
Xue Y, Ventosa A, Wang X, Ren P, Zhou P, Ma Y (2008) Bacillus aidingensis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from Ai-Ding salt lake in China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:2828–2832
Yachai M, Tanasupawat S, Itoh T, Benjakul S, Visessanguan W, Valyasevi R (2008) Halobacterium piscisalsi sp. nov., from fermented fish (pla-ra) in Thailand. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:2136–2140
Yakimov MM, Golyshin PN, Lang S, Moore ERB, Abraham WR, Lünsdorf H, Timmis KN (1998) Alcanivorax borkumensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a new, hydrocarbon-degrading and surfactant-producing marine bacterium. Int J Syst Bacteriol 48:339–348
Yakimov MM, Giuliano L, Chernikova TN, Gentile G, Abraham WR, Lünsdorf H, Timmis KN, Golyshin PN (2001) Alcalilimnicola halodurans gen. nov., sp. nov., an alkaliphilic, moderately halophilic and extremely halotolerant bacterium, isolated from sediments of soda-depositing Lake Natron, East Africa Rift Valley. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 51:2133–2143
Yakimov MM, Giuliano L, Gentile G, Crisafi E, Chernikova TN, Abraham WR, Lünsdorf H, Timmis KN, Golyshin PN (2003) Oleispira antarctica gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel hydrocarbonoclastic marine bacterium isolated from Antarctic coastal sea water. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 53:779–785
Yang Y, Cui H-L, Zhou P-J, Liu S-J (2006) Halobacterium jilantaiense sp. nov., a halophilic archaeon isolated from a saline lake in Inner Mongolia, China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:2353–2355
Yang Y, Cui H-L, Zhou P-J, Liu S-J (2007) Haloarcula amylolytica sp. nov., an extremely halophilic archaeon isolated from Aibi salt lake in Xin-Jiang, China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:103–106
Yi H, Bae KS, Chun J (2004) Aestuariibacter salexigens gen. nov., sp. nov. and Aestuariibacter halophilus sp. nov., isolated from tidal flat sediment, and emended description of Alteromonas macleodii. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54:571–576
Yoon J-H, Weiss N, Lee K-C, Lee I-S, Kang KH, Park Y-H (2001) Jeotgalibacillus alimentarius gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel bacterium isolated from jeotgal with L-lysine in the cell wall, and reclassification of Bacillus marinus Ruger 1983 as Marinibacillus marinus gen. nov., comb. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 51:2087–2093
Yoon J-H, Kang KH, Oh T-K, Park Y-H (2002a) Halobacillus locisalis sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium isolated from a marine solar saltern of the Yellow Sea in Korea. Extremophiles 8:23–28
Yoon J-H, Kang KH, Park Y-H (2002b) Lentibacillus salicampi gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a salt field in Korea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52:2043–2048
Yoon J-H, Lee K-C, Kho YH, Kang KH, Kim C-J, Park Y-H (2002c) Halomonas alimentaria sp. nov., isolated from jeotgal, a traditional Korean fermented seafood. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52:123–130
Yoon J-H, Kang KH, Park Y-H (2003a) Halobacillus salinus sp. nov., isolated from a salt lake on the coast of the East Sea in Korea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 53:687–693
Yoon J-H, Shin D-Y, Kim I-G, Kang K-H, Park Y-H (2003b) Marinobacter litoralis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from sea water from the East Sea in Korea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 53:563–568
Yoon J-H, Oh T-K, Park Y-H (2004) Transfer of Bacillus halodenitrificans Denariaz et al1989 to the genus Virgibacillus as Virgibacillus halodenitrificans comb. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54:2163–2167
Yoon J-H, Kang S-J, Lee C-H, Oh T-K (2005a) Dokdonia donghaensis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from sea water. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:2323–2328
Yoon J-H, Kang S-J, Lee S-Y, Lee M-H, Oh T-K (2005b) Virgibacillus dokdonensis sp. nov., isolated from a Korean island, Dokdo, located at the edge of the East Sea in Korea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:1833–1837
Yoon J-H, Kang S-J, Jung Y-T, Oh T-K (2007a) Halobacillus campisalis sp. nov., containing meso-diaminopimelic acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan, and emended description of the genus Halobacillus. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:2021–2025
Yoon J-H, Kang S-J, Oh T-K (2007b) Reclassification of Marinococcus albus Hao et al1985 as Salimicrobium album gen. nov., comb. nov. and Bacillus halophilus Ventosa et alas Salimicrobium halophilum comb. nov., and description of Salimicrobium luteum sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:2406–2411
Yoon J-H, Lee M-H, Kang S-J, Oh T-K (2007c) Marinobacter salicampi sp. nov., isolated from a marine solar saltern in Korea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:2102–2105
Yoon J-H, Kang S-J, Oh T-K (2008) Halobacillus seohaensis sp. nov., isolated from a marine solar saltern in Korea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:622–627
Yoon J-H, Kang S-J, Lee S-Y, Oh T-K (2009a) Salinihabitans flavidus gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a marine solar saltern. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:2561–2564
Yoon J-H, Kang S-J, Oh K-H, Oh T-K (2009b) Salimicrobium flavidum sp. nov., isolated from a marine solar saltern. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:2839–2842
Yoshida M, Matsubara K, Kudo T, Horikoshi K (1991) Actinopolyspora mortivallis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic actinomycete. Int J Syst Bacteriol 41:15–20
Yuan S, Ren P, Liu J, Xue Y, Ma Y, Zhou P (2007) Lentibacillus halodurans sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a salt lake in Xin-Jiang, China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 51:485–488
Yumoto I, Nakajima K, Ikeda K (1997) Comparative study on cytochrome content of alkaliphilic Bacillus strains. J Ferment Bioeng 83:466–469
Yumoto I, Hirota K, Goto T, Nodasaka Y, Nakajima K (2005) Bacillus oshimensis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, non-motile alkaliphile. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:907–911
Zeikus JG, Hegge PW, Thompson TE, Phelps TJ, Langworthy TA (1983) Isolation and description of Halanaerobium prevalens gen. nov. and sp. nov., an obligatory anaerobichalophile common to Great Salt Lake sediments. Curr Microbiol 9:225–234
Zhang Z, Wang Y, Ruan J (1998) Reclassification of Thermomonospora and Microtetraspora. Int J Syst Bacteriol 48:411–422
Zhang Y-Q, Xue Y, Ma Y, Zhou P, Ventosa A, Grant WD (2002) Salinicoccus alkaliphilus sp. nov., a novel alkaliphile and moderate halophile from Baer Soda Lake in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52:789–793
Zhang Y-Q, Schumann P, Li W-J, Chen G-Z, Tian X-P, Stackebrandt E, Xu L-H, Jiang C-L (2005) Isoptericola halotolerans sp. nov., a novel actinobacterium isolated from Qinghai Province, north-west China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:1867–1870
Zhang Y-Q, Yu L-Y, Liu H-Y, Zhang Y-Q, Xu L-H, Li W-J (2007) Salinicoccus luteus sp. nov., isolated from a desert soil. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:1901–1905
Zhi X-Y, Li W-J, Stackebrandt E (2009) An update of the structure and 16S rRNA gene sequence-based definition of higher ranks of the class Actinobacteria, with the proposal of two new suborders and four new families and emended descriptions of the existing higher taxa. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:589–608
Zhilina TN, Zavarzin GA (1987) Methanohalobium evestigatus, n. gen., n. sp. The extremely halophilic methanogenic Archaebacterium. Dokl Akad Nauk SSSR 293:464–468
Zhilina TN, Zavarzin GA (1990) A new extremely halophilic homoacetogen bacteria Acetohalobium arabaticum, gen. nov., sp. nov. Dokl Akad Nauk SSSR 311:745–747
Zhilina TN, Miroshnikova LV, Osipov GA, Zavarzin GA (1991) Halobacteroides lacunaris sp. nov. –a new saccharolytic anaerobic extremely halophilic organism from lagoonic hypersaline Lake Chokrak. Mikrobiologiya 60:714–724
Zhilina TN, Zavarzin GA, Bulygina ES, Keybrin VV, Osipov GA, Chumakov KM (1992) Ecology, physiology and taxonomy studies on a new taxon of Haloanaerobiaceae, Haloincola saccharolytica gen. nov., sp. nov. Syst Appl Microbiol 15:275–284
Zhilina TN, Zavarzin GA, Detkova EN, Rainey FA (1996a) Natroniella acetigena gen. nov. sp. nov., an extremely haloalkaliphilic, homoacetic bacterium: a new member of Haloanaerobiales. Curr Microbiol 32:320–326
Zhilina TN, Zavarzin GA, Rainey F, Kevrim VV, Kostrikina NA, Lysenko AM (1996b) Spirochaeta alkalica sp. nov., Spirochaeta africana sp. nov., and Spirochaeta asiatica sp. nov., alkaliphilic anaerobes from the continental soda lakes in Central Asia and the East African Rift. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 46:305–312
Zhilina TN, Turova TP, Lysenko AM, Kevbrin VV (1997) Reclassification of Halobacteroides halobius Z-7287 on the basis of phylogenetic analysis as a new species Halobacteroides elegans sp. nov. Mikrobiologiya 66:114–121
Zhilina TN, Turova TP, Kuznetsov BB, Kostrikina NA, Lysenko AM (2000) Orenia sivashensis sp. nov., a new moderately halophilic anaerobic bacterium from Lake Sivash lagoons. Microbiology 68:425–459
Zhilina TN, Garnova ES, Tourova TP, Kostrikina NA, Zavarzin GA (2001) Halonatronum saccharophilum gen. nov., sp. nov.: a new haloalkaliphilic bacterium of the order Haloanaerobiales from Lake Magadi. Microbiology 70:64–72
Acknowledgments
We thank Aharon Oren for the critical reading of the manuscript. We thank the financial support from the Spanish Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (project BIO2009-10138) The National Science Foundation (DEB-0919290) and from the Junta de Andalucía (project P06-CVI-01829).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2011 Springer
About this entry
Cite this entry
de la Haba, R.R., Sánchez-Porro, C., Marquez, M.C., Ventosa, A. (2011). Taxonomy of Halophiles. In: Horikoshi, K. (eds) Extremophiles Handbook. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-53898-1_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-53898-1_13
Publisher Name: Springer, Tokyo
Print ISBN: 978-4-431-53897-4
Online ISBN: 978-4-431-53898-1
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesReference Module Biomedical and Life Sciences