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Biological Underpinning of Behavioural Addictions and Management Implications

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Textbook of Addiction Treatment: International Perspectives

Abstract

Neurobiological and clinical data indicate that maladaptive engagement in certain behaviors warrants consideration as “behavioral” or non-substance addictions. The present chapter reviews existing neurobiological and genetic/family history evidence for behavioral addictions involving gambling, Internet use, video-game play, sex, eating, and shopping. At a neurochemical level, behavioral addictions may involve dysregulation of serotoninergic, dopaminergic, noradrenergic, and opioidergic systems. At a neurocircuitry level, findings suggest dysfunction in brain regions associated with the mesolimbic dopaminergic pathway and frontal areas; disruption in these circuits could lead to disadvantageous decision-making, impaired inhibition, and increased cue-induced craving. While a genetic understanding is at an early stage, genetics/family history data support heritability for behavioral addictions and suggest genetic overlaps with other psychopathologies. As this represents an emerging area of research, data remain sparse in multiple domains. An improved understanding of behavioral addictions will help in establishing appropriate nomenclature and enhance the ability to recognize, prevent, and treat these disorders more effectively.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA

    Yvonne H. C. Yau, Robert F. Leeman & Marc N. Potenza

  2. Yale Child Study Center, Yale University, Room 726, 1 Church St, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA

    Yvonne H. C. Yau & Marc N. Potenza

  3. Department of Neurobiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA

    Marc N. Potenza

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  1. Yvonne H. C. Yau
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  2. Robert F. Leeman
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  3. Marc N. Potenza
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Correspondence to Marc N. Potenza .

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  1. Department of Psychiatry, Alberta Gambling Research Institute University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

    Nady el-Guebaly

  2. Faculty of Brain Sciences UCL Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom

    Giuseppe Carrà

  3. Division of Alcoholism & Drug Abuse, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA

    Marc Galanter

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Yau, Y.H.C., Leeman, R.F., Potenza, M.N. (2015). Biological Underpinning of Behavioural Addictions and Management Implications. In: el-Guebaly, N., Carrà, G., Galanter, M. (eds) Textbook of Addiction Treatment: International Perspectives. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-5322-9_71

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