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Morphology, vegetative compatibility and pathogenicity of Verticillium dahliae isolates from woody ornamentals in Germany

Morphologie, vegetative Kompatibilität und Pathogenität von Verticillium dahliae-Isolaten aus Ziergehölzen in Deutschland

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Abstract

Isolates of Verticillium dahliae were collected from affected woody ornamentals in German tree nurseries. Nitrat non-utilizing mutants were produced and vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) were identified based on complementation tests. The results of this study indicate that VCG diversity of V. dahliae in German is limited, because only two VCGs were detected. Of the 32 isolates analysed, 19 were classified as VCG D1 and 13 as VCG D2. VCG D1 was compatible with the American VCG 2B, whereas VCG D2 was compatible with VCG 4B. In morphological studies a significant correlation between the conidial length of the V. dahliae isolates and their VCG could be detected. Isolates from VCG D1 consistently formed small conidia with an average length of 3,78:gmm, whereas isolates from VCG D2 produced larger conidia with an average length of 4,36:gmm. Pathogenicity tests were carried out with isolates on Acer platanoides, Acer pseudoplatanus, Catalpa bignonioides, Castanea sativa, Fraxinus excelsior and Tilia cordata. The isolates showed little significant differences in their aggressiveness to certain hosts. No major differences in virulence between VCGs were observed. The results imply that VCG identification does not contribute to verticillium disease prediction for a range of woody hosts.

Zusammenfassung

Von befallenen Ziergehölzen aus Baumschulen unterschied-licher Anbaugebiete wurden Isolate von Verticillium dahliae gewonnen. Mittels der Herstellung von nit-Mutanten und der Durchführung von Komplementationstests wurden zwei vegetative Kompatibilitätsgruppen (VCG) innerhalb der Isolate identifiziert. Von den 32 untersuchten Isolaten konnten 19 der VCG D1 und 13 der VCG D2 zugeordnet werden. Die Gruppen erwiesen sich mit den amerikanischen VCGs 2B bzw. 4B kompatibel. In morphologischen Untersuchungen konnte eine signifikante Korrelation zwischen der Konidien-länge der Isolate und ihrer VCG festgestellt werden. Isolate der VCG D1 bildeten Konidien mit einer durchschnittlichen Länge von 3,78:gmm aus, während Isolate der VCG D2 Konidien mit einer Länge von 4,36:gmm produzierten. Mit den Isolaten wurden Pathogenitätests an Acer platanoides, Acer pseudoplatanus, Catalpa bignonioides, Castanea sativa, Fraxinus excelsior und Tilia cordata durchgeführt. Die Isolate wiesen hierbei nur geringe signifikante Unterschiede in ihrer Virulenz gegenüber einer Wirtspflanze auf. Auch zwischen den beiden Kompatibilitätsgruppen konnten keine relevanten Virulenzunterschiede festgestellt werden. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass eine VCG-Bestimmung im Rahmen der Verticillium-Prognose bei einer Reihe betroffener Ziergehölze nicht erforderlich ist.

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  1. Deparment of Phytomedicine, University of Applied Sciences Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany

    C. Neubauer, B. Heitmann & C. Vogel

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  1. C. Neubauer
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  2. B. Heitmann
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Correspondence to C. Neubauer.

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Neubauer, C., Heitmann, B. & Vogel, C. Morphology, vegetative compatibility and pathogenicity of Verticillium dahliae isolates from woody ornamentals in Germany. J Plant Dis Prot 116, 109–114 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03356295

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