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Evolutionary dynamics of 5S rDNA location in acridid grasshoppers and its relationship with H3 histone gene and 45S rDNA location

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Abstract

We analyze the chromosomal location of 5S rDNA clusters in 29 species of grasshoppers belonging to the family Acrididae. There was extensive variation among species for the number and location of 5S rDNA sites. Out of 148 sites detected, 75% were proximally located, 21.6% were interstitial, and only 3.4% were distal. The number of 5S rDNA sites per species varied from a single chromosome pair (in six species) to all chromosome pairs (in five species), with a range of intermediate situations. Thirteen chromosomes from eight species carried two 5S rDNA clusters. At intraspecific level, differences among populations were detected in Eyprepocnemis plorans, and some heteromorphisms have also been observed in some species. Double FISH for 5S rDNA and H3 histone gene DNA, performed on 17 of these 29 species, revealed that both markers are sometimes placed in a same chromosome but at different location, whereas they appeared to co-localize in five species (Calliptamus barbarus, Heteracris adpersa, Aiolopus strepens, Oedipoda charpentieri and O. coerulescens). Double fiber-FISH in A. strepens and O. coerulescens showed that the two DNAs are closely interspersed with variable relative amounts of both classes of DNA. Finally, no correlation was observed between the number of 5S and 45S rDNA clusters in 23 species where this information was available. These results are discussed in the light of possible mechanisms of spread that led to the extensive variation in the number of clusters observed for both rDNA types in acridid grasshoppers.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by grants from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología (CGL2009-11917) and Plan Andaluz de Investigación (CVI-6649), and was partially performed by FEDER funds. The scientific scholarship of Cabral-de-Mello DC was granted by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq-Brazil).

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  1. Diogo C. Cabral-de-Mello

    Present address: Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil

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  1. Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain

    Josefa Cabrero, María Dolores López-León & Juan Pedro M. Camacho

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  1. Diogo C. Cabral-de-Mello
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Cabral-de-Mello, D.C., Cabrero, J., López-León, M.D. et al. Evolutionary dynamics of 5S rDNA location in acridid grasshoppers and its relationship with H3 histone gene and 45S rDNA location. Genetica 139, 921–931 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10709-011-9596-7

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