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Precipitation of Chromium Nitrides in the Super Duplex Stainless Steel 2507

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Abstract

Precipitation of chromium nitrides during cooling from temperatures in the range 1373 K to 1523 K (1100 °C to 1250 °C) has been studied for the super duplex stainless steel 2507 (UNS S32750). Characterization with optical, scanning and transmission electron microscopy was combined to quantify the precipitation process. Primarily Cr2N nitrides were found to precipitate with a high density in the interior of ferrite grains. An increased cooling rate and/or an increased austenite spacing clearly promoted nitride formation, resulting in precipitation within a higher fraction of the ferrite grains, and lager nitride particles. Furthermore, formation of the meta-stable CrN was induced by higher cooling rates. The toughness seemed unaffected by nitrides. A slight decrease in pitting resistance was, however, noticed for quenched samples with large amounts of precipitates. The limited adverse effect on pitting resistance is attributed to the small size (~200 nm) of most nitrides. Slower cooling of duplex stainless steels to allow nitrogen partitioning is suggested in order to avoid large nitrides, and thereby produce a size distribution with a smaller detrimental effect on pitting resistance.

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Acknowledgment

This work was performed within the Strategiskt Stålforskningsprogram 2007–2012, administered by Jernkontoret, as part of the project “PREDUP - Prediction, verification and consequences of duplex microstructures”. The project was funded by the Swedish government agency for innovation systems (VINNOVA), and the participating companies AB Sandvik Materials Technology and Outokumpu Stainless AB. Additional funding for work with the manuscript was kindly supplied by Hugo Carlssons Stiftelse. The collaboration with the VINN Excellence Centre Hero-m is gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Swerea KIMAB AB, P.O. Box 7047, 164 07, Kista, Sweden

    Niklas Pettersson (Researcher) & Sten Wessman (Researcher)

  2. Jernkontoret - The Swedish Steel Producers’ Association, Box 1721, 111 87, Stockholm, Sweden

    Rachel F. A. Pettersson (Research Manager)

Authors
  1. Niklas Pettersson
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  2. Rachel F. A. Pettersson
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  3. Sten Wessman
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Correspondence to Niklas Pettersson.

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Manuscript submitted July 6, 2014.

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Pettersson, N., Pettersson, R.F.A. & Wessman, S. Precipitation of Chromium Nitrides in the Super Duplex Stainless Steel 2507. Metall Mater Trans A 46, 1062–1072 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-014-2718-y

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