Abstract
We compute two invariants of topological conjugacy, the upper and lower limits of the inverse of Boshernitzan’s ne n , where e n is the smallest measure of a cylinder of length n, for three families of symbolic systems: the natural codings of rotations, three-interval exchanges, and Arnoux-Rauzy systems. The sets of values of these invariants for a given family of systems generalize the Lagrange spectrum, which is what we obtain for the family of rotations with the upper limit of 1/ne n.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
P. Arnoux, Un exemple de semi-conjugaison entre un échange d’intervalles et une translation sur le tore, Bull. Soc. Math. France 116 (1988), 489–500.
P. Arnoux and S. Ito, Pisot substitutions and Rauzy fractals, Bull. Belg. Math. Soc. Simon Stevin 8 (2001), 181–207.
P. Arnoux and G. Rauzy, Représentation géométrique de suites de complexité 2n + 1, Bull. Soc. Math. France 119 (1991), 199–215.
V. Berthé, Fréquences des facteurs des suites sturmiennes Theoret. Comput. Sci. 165 (1996), 295–309.
V. Berthé, N. Chekhova, and S. Ferenczi, Covering numbers: arithmetics and dynamics for rotations and interval exchanges, J. Anal. Math. 79 (1999), 1–31.
V. Berthé, S. Ferenczi, and L. Zamboni, Interactions between dynamics, arithmetics and combinatorics: the good, the bad, and the ugly, Algebraic and Topological Dynamics, Contemp. Math. 385 (2005), 333–364.
M. Boshernitzan, A unique ergodicity of minimal symbolic flows with linear block growth, J. Anal. Math 44 (1984/85), 77–96.
M. Boshernitzan, A condition for minimal interval exchange maps to be uniquely ergodic, Duke Math. J. 52 (1985), 723–752.
M. Boshernitzan, A condition for unique ergodicity of minimal symbolic flows, Ergodic Theory Dynam. Systems 12 (1992), 425–428.
J. Cassaigne, Limit values of the recurrence quotient of Sturmian sequences, Theoret. Comput. Sci. 218 (1999), 3–12.
J. Cassaigne, S. Ferenczi, and A. Messaoudi, Weak mixing and eigenvalues for Arnoux-Rauzy sequences, Ann. Inst. Fourier (Grenoble) 58 (2008), 1983–2005.
N. Chekhova, Covering numbers of rotations, Theoret. Comput. Sci. 230 (2000), 97–116.
N. Chekhova, P. Hubert, and A. Messaoudi, Propriétés combinatoires, ergodiques et arithm étiques de la substitution de Tribonacci, J. Théor. Nombres Bordeaux 13 (2001), 371–394.
T. Cusick and M. Flahive, The Markoff and Lagrange Spectra, Amer. Math. Soc., Providence, RI, 1989.
S. Ferenczi, C. Holton, and L. Zamboni, The structure of three-interval exchange transformations I: an arithmetic study, Ann. Inst. Fourier (Grenoble) 51 (2001), 861–901.
S. Ferenczi, C. Holton, and L. Zamboni, The structure of three-interval exchange transformations II: a combinatorial description of the trajectories, J. Anal. Math. 89 (2003), 239–276.
S. Ferenczi, C. Holton, and L. Zamboni, The structure of three-interval exchange transformations III: ergodic and spectral properties, J. Anal. Math. 93 (2004), 103–138.
S. Ferenczi and T. Monteil, Infinite words with uniform frequencies, and invariant measures, in Combinatorics, Automata and Number Theory, Cambridge University Press, 2010, pp. 373–409.
S. Ferenczi and L. F. C. da Rocha, A self-dual induction for three-interval exchange transformations, Dyn. Syst. 24 (2009), 393–412.
S. Ferenczi and L. Zamboni, Structure of k-interval exchange transformations: induction, trajectories, and distance theorems, J. Anal. Math. 112 (2010), 289–328.
S. Ferenczi and L. Zamboni, Languages of k-interval exchange transformations, Bull. London Math. Soc. 40 (2008), 705–714.
C. Grillenberger, Constructions of strictly ergodic systems. I. Given entropy, Z. Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie und Verw. Gebiete 25 (1972/73), 323–334.
M. Hall, Jr., On the sum and product of continued fractions, Ann. of Math. (2) 48 (1947), 966–993.
N. Pytheas Fogg, Substitutions in Dynamics, Arithmetics and Combinatorics, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2002.
G. Rauzy, Nombres algébriques et substitutions, Bull. Soc. Math. France 110 (1982), 147–178.
W. A. Veech, Boshernitzan’s criterion for unique ergodicity of an interval exchange transformation, Ergodic Theory Dynam. Systems 7 (1987), 149–153.
W. A. Veech, Measures supported on the set of uniquely ergodic directions of an arbitrary holomorphic 1-form, Ergodic Theory Dynam. Systems 19 (1999), 1093–1109.
https://www.lirmm.fr/?monteil/hebergement/pytheas-fogg/BLspectrum.pdf.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ferenczi, S. Dynamical generalizations of the lagrange spectrum. JAMA 118, 19–53 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11854-012-0028-0
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11854-012-0028-0