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Respiratory Muscle Strength as a Discriminator of Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Elderly: A Cross-Sectional Study

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The journal of nutrition, health & aging

Abstract

Objectives

To compare the values obtained from maximum respiratory pressures (MRP) between sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic elderly; to verify the association of maximum respiratory pressures with sarcopenia and its indicators; and to establish cut-off points for MRP as a discriminator of sarcopenia.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Location

Macapá, Brazil.

Participants

Community-dwelling elderly ≥ 60 years old, both sexes.

Measures

Evaluation of respiratory muscle strength (maximal inspiratory pressure - MIP and maximal expiratory pressure - MEP) and sarcopenia, according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP), in which the diagnosis of this condition considered the reduction of muscle mass (muscle mass index - MMI) associated with muscle strength reduction (hand grip strength - HGS) and / or impairment in physical performance (gait speed - GS).

Results

The sample consisted of 383 elderly individuals, with a mean age of 70.02 ± 7.3 years and a prevalence of sarcopenia of 12.53% (n = 48). Sarcopenic individuals presented significantly lower (obtained, obtained versus predicted) mean values for the maximal respiratory pressures compared to the non-sarcopenic elderly, and these were inversely associated with sarcopenia (an increase by 1 cmH2O in MIP and MEP reduced by 5% and 3%, respectively, the probability of sarcopenia). In relation to the association with the sarcopenia indicators, the increase by 1 cmH2O in MIP and MEP decreased, respectively, the probability of decreasing muscle strength (3% and 2%), GS (3% and 4%) and MMI (3 % - MIP). Cut-off points ≤60 cmH2O and ≤50 cmH2O for MEP and ≤55 cmH2O and ≤45 cmH2O for MEP, respectively for elderly men and women, served as a discriminant criterion for the presence of sarcopenia (area under the ROC curve superior to 0.70).

Conclusions

Elderly patients with sarcopenia had lower MIP and MEP values when compared to non-sarcopenic individuals, and respiratory muscle strength was inversely associated with the diagnosis of sarcopenia and its indicators (HGS, gait speed and MMI). Furthermore, cut-off points for MIP and MEP can be used in clinical practice as discriminators of sarcopenia in community-dwelling elderly.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Universidade Federal do Amapa, Macapá, Brazil

    Daniela Gonçalves Ohara, M. S. Pegorari, N. L. Oliveira dos Santos, C. de Fátima Ribeiro Silva, R. L. Monteiro & A. P. Matos

  2. Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos, Sao Carlos, Brazil

    M. Jamami

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  1. Daniela Gonçalves Ohara
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  2. M. S. Pegorari
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  3. N. L. Oliveira dos Santos
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  4. C. de Fátima Ribeiro Silva
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Correspondence to Daniela Gonçalves Ohara.

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Ohara, D.G., Pegorari, M.S., Oliveira dos Santos, N.L. et al. Respiratory Muscle Strength as a Discriminator of Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Elderly: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Nutr Health Aging 22, 952–958 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-018-1079-4

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