Abstract
This paper deals with multielement profiling of microlements in the form of their isotopes 9Be, 51V, 59Co, 60Ni, 89Y, 111Cd, 208Pb, 232Th, and 238U. After their complexation by 4-(2-pyridylazo)resorcinol (PAR), 3,4-dihydroxy-9,10-dioxo-2-anthracenesulfonic acid sodium salt (ALS), 8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulphonic acid (8-HQS), and ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (APDC), the elements were preconcentrated and separated on Amberlite XAD-16 and Amberlite SDB-L prior to their analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Various parameters such as pH, eluent type and volume, presence of surfactants and volume, and matrix effects on the retention of analytes were examined. Relative standard deviation and recovery values for four replicate determinations under optimal condition were in the range of 0.2–3.6 % and 59–98 %. The proposed method was applied to the determination of elements in lake water sample and industrial water. Recovery experiments with spiked water samples were performed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aardaneh, K., Saal, D., Swarts, G., & Dewindt, S. C. (2008). TBP and TBP impregnated XAD-4 resin for radiochemical separation 88Y from Sr and Al. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 275, 665–669. DOI: 10.1007/s10967-007-7074-6.
Abbasse, G., Ouddane, B., & Fischer, J. (2002). Determination of trace levels of dissolved vanadium in seawater by use of synthetic complexing agents and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 374, 873–878. DOI: 10.1007/s00216-002-1532-3.
Balaram, V. (1993). Characterization of trace elements in environmental samples by ICP-MS. Atomic Spectroscopy, 14, 174–179.
Bulut, V. N., Gundogdu, A., Duran, C., Senturk, H. B., Soylak, M., Elci, L., & Tufekci, M. (2007). A multielement solid-phase extraction method for trace metals determination in environmental samples on Amberlite XAD-2000. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 146, 155–163. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.12.013.
Camel, V. (2003). Solid phase extraction of trace elements. Spectrochimica Acta B: Atomic Spectroscopy, 58, 1177–1233. DOI: 10.1016/s0584-8547(03)00072-7.
Çekiç, S. D., Filik, H., & Apak, R. (2004). Use of an o-aminobenzoic acid-functionalized XAD-4 copolymer resin for the separation and preconcentration of heavy metal(II) ions. Analytica Chimica Acta, 505, 15–24. DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(03)00211-3.
Chen, J. H., Kao, Y. Y., & Lin, C. H. (2003). Selective separation of vanadium from molybdenum using D2EHPA-immobilized Amberlite XAD-4 resin. Separation Science and Technology, 38, 3827–3852. DOI: 10.1081/ss-120024234.
Dean, R. B., & Dixon, W. J. (1951). Simplified statistics for small numbers of observations. Analytical Chemistry, 23, 636–638. DOI: 10.1021/ac60052a025.
Demirel, N., Merdivan, M., Pirinccioglu, N., & Hamamci, C. (2003). Thorium(IV) and uranium(VI) sorption on octacarboxymethyl-C-methylcalix[4]resorcinarene impregnated on a polymeric support. Analytica Chimica Acta, 485, 213–219. DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(03)00415-x.
Dressler, V. L., Rozebom, D., & Curtius, A. J. (1998). Determination of heavy metals by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry after on-line separation and preconcentration. Spectrochimica Acta B: Atomic Spectroscopy, 53, 1527–1539. DOI: 10.1016/s0584-8547(98)00180-3.
Elci, L., Soylak, M., & Dogan, M. (1992). Preconcentration of trace metals in river waters by the application of chelate adsorption on Amberlite XAD-4. Fresenius Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 342, 175–178. DOI: 10.1007/bf00321717.
Farahmand, A. R., Yousefi, S. R., Fumani, N. S., Mirza, S., Shamsipur, M., & Hassan, J. (2009). Preconcentration of beryllium via octadecyl silica gel microparticles doped with aluminon, and its determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Microchimica Acta, 166, 89–94. DOI: 10.1007/s00604-009-0175-x.
Filik, H., Berker, K. I., Balkis, N., & Apak, R. (2004). Simultaneous preconcentration of vanadium(V/IV) species with palmitoyl quinolin-8-ol bonded to amberlite XAD 2 and their separate spectrophotometric determination with 4-(2-pyridylazo)-resorcinol using CDTA as masking agent. Analytica Chimica Acta, 518, 173–179. DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2004.05.012.
Ghasemi, J. B., & Zolfonoun, E. (2010). Simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of trace amounts of uranium, thorium, and zirconium using the partial least squares method after their preconcentration by α-benzoin oxime modified Amberlite XAD-2000 resin. Talanta, 80, 1191–1197. DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2009.09.007.
Gok, C., Seyham, S., Merdivan, M., & Yurdakoc, M. (2007). Separation and preconcentration of La3+, Ce3+ and Y3+ using calix[4]resorcinarene impregnated on polymeric support. Microchimica Acta, 157, 13–19. DOI: 10.1007/s00604-006-0646-2.
Goswami, A., Singh, A. K., & Venkataramani, B. (2003). 8-Hydroxyquinoline anchored to silica gel via new moderate size linker: synthesis and applications as a metal ion collector for their flame atomic absorption spectrometric determination. Talanta, 60, 1141–1154. DOI: 10.1016/s0039-9140(03)00218-2.
Gundogdu, A., Duran, C., Senturk, H. B., Elci, L., & Soylak, M. (2007). Simultaneous preconcentration of trace metals in environmental samples using Amberlite XAD-2010/8-hydroxyquinoline system. Acta Chimica Slovenica, 54, 308–316.
Hirose, K. (1988). Determination of thorium isotopes in seawaters by using preconcentration of thorium-XO complexes on XAD-2 resin. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 127, 199–207. DOI: 10.1007/bf02164865.
Iglesias, M., Anticó, E., & Salvadó, V. (2001). Sepration af yttrium and neodymium from nitrate solutions by di(2-ethylhexyl)-phosphoric acid impregnated on Amberlite XAD-2 resin. In Proceedings of ISEC ′99, Solvent Extraction for the 21st Century, July 11–16, 1999 (pp. 1115–1120). Barcelona, Spain: Society of Chemical Industry.
Jain, V. K., Handa, A., Sait, S. S., Shrivastav, P., & Agrawal, Y. K. (2001). Pre-concentration, separation and trace determination of lanthanum(III), cerium(III), thorium(IV) and uranium(VI) on polymer supported o-vanillinsemicarbazone. Analytica Chimica Acta, 429, 237–246. DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(00)01299-x.
Jambor, J., & Javorek, T. (1993). Simultaneous sorption of chelates of elements with organic reagents on amberlit XAD-2 as a preconcentration step for the emission spectrometric determination of the elements. Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications, 58, 1821–1831. DOI: 10.1135/cccc19931821.
Kasahara, I., Takayama, N., Yamamoto, H., Sakurai, K., & Taguchi, S. (1997). Synthesis of silica-gel immonbilized 8-quinolinol using 1-ethoxycarbonyl-2-ethoxy-1,2-dihydroquinoline and 4-aminobenzoic acid and its application to a column preconcentration/determination of trace vanadium in water by ICP-AES. Bunseki Kagaku, 46, 211–215. DOI: 10.2116/bunsekikagaku.46.211.
Karbasi, M. H., Jahanparast, B., Shamsipur, M., & Hassan, J. (2009). Simultaneous trace multielement determination by ICP-OES after solid phase extraction with modified octadecyl silica gel. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 170, 151–155. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.04.119.
Kumar, M., Rathore, D. P. S., & Singh, A. K. (2001). Pyrogallol immobilized Amberlite XAD-2: A newly designed collector for enrichment of metal ions prior to their determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Microchimica Acta, 137, 127–134. DOI: 10.1007/s006040170002.
Lee, W., Yook, J. K., Lee, S. E., & Lee, Ch. H. (2000). Selective separation of Zr(IV) and Th(IV) by (polystarenedivinylbenzen)-thiazolylazo chelating resins (I). Analytical Science and Technology, 13, 323–331.
Lemos, V. A., da Silva D. G., de Carvalho, A. L., de Andare Santana, D., dos Santos Novaes, G., & dos Passos, A. S. (2006). Synthesis of amberlite XAD-2-PC resin for preconcetration and determination of trace elements in food samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Microchemical Journal, 84, 14–21. DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2006.03.006.
McLaren, J. W., Lam, J. W. H., Berman, S. S., Akatsuka, K., & Azeredo, M. A. (1993). On-line method for the analysis of sea-water for trace elements by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 8, 279–286. DOI: 10.1039/ja9930800279.
Nelms, S. M., Greenway, G. M., & Hutton, R. C. (1995). Application of multi-element time-resolved analysis to a rapid online matrix separation system for inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 10, 929–933. DOI: 10.1039/ja9951000929.
de Magalhães Padilha, P., de Melo Gomes, L. A., Padilha, C. C. F., Moreira, J. C., & Filho, N. L. D. (1999). Determination of metal ions in natural waters by flame-AAS after preconcentration on a 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol modified silica gel. Analytical Letters, 32, 1807–1820. DOI: 10.1080/00032719908542935.
Peng, H. W., & Kuo, M. S. (2000). Determination of trace amounts of beryllium(II) in drinking water and of beryllium vapor in air by graphite-furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry using acetylacetone as a chelating agent. Analytical Sciences, 16, 157–161. DOI: 10.2116/analsci.16.157.
Prabhakaran, D., & Subramanian, M. S. (2005). Synthesis, characterization and metal extractive behavior of functionalized AXAD-16 polymeric matrix using oxyacetone acetamide. Separation Science and Technologie, 39, 941–957. DOI: 10.1081/ss-120028455.
Seyhan, S., Merdivan, M., & Demirel, N. (2008). Use of ophenylene dioxydiacetic acid impregnated in amberlite XAD resin for separation and preconcentration of uranium(VI) and thorium(IV). Journal of Hazardous Metarials, 152, 79–84. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.06.065.
Soylak, M., & Akkaya, Y. (2003). Separation/preconcentration of xylenol orange metal complexes on Amberlite XAD-16 column for their determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Journal of Trace and Microprobe Techniques, 21, 455–466. DOI: 10.1081/tma-120023062.
Soylak, M., & Elçi, L. (1997). Preconcentration and separation of trace metal ions from sea water samples by sorption on Amberlite XAD-16 after complexation with sodium diehtyl dithiocarbamate. International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, 66, 51–59. DOI: 10.1080/03067319708026273.
Szczepaniak, W., & Szymanski, A. (1996). Sorption and preconcentration of trace amounts of beryllium from natural waters on silica gel with immobilized morin prior to its determination by ETA-AAS method. Chemia Analityczna, 41, 193–199.
Thermo Elemental (2001). AAS, GFAAS, ICP or ICP-MS? Which technique should I use? In An elementary overview of elemental analysis. Retrieved on 22. 2. 2012 from www.thermo.com/eThermo/CMA/PDFs/Articles/articlesFile18407.pdf
Tokahoglu, S., Cetin, V., & Kartal, S. (2008). Amberlite XAD-1180 modified with thiosalicylic acid: A new chelating resin for separation and preconcentration of trace metal ions. Chemia Analityczna, 53, 263–276.
Tzvetkova, P., Vassileva, P., & Nickolov, R. (2010). Modified silica gel with 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol for heavy metal ions removal. Journal of Porous Materials, 17, 459–463. DOI: 10.1007/s10934-009-9308-1.
Yamini, Y., Hassan, J., Mohandesi, R., & Bahramifar, N. (2002). Preconcentration of trace amounts of beryllium in water samples on octadecyl silica cartridges modified by quinalizarine and its determination with atomic absorption spectrometry. Talanta, 56, 375–381. DOI: 10.1016/s0039-9140(01)00560-4.
Yousefi, S. R., Ahmadi, S. J., Shemirani, F., Jamali, M. R., & Salavati-Niasari, M. (2009). Simultaneous extraction and preconcentration of uranium and thorium in aqueous samples by new modified mesoporous silica prior to inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry determination. Talanta, 80, 212–217. DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2009.06.058.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Holubová, Z., Moos, M. & Sommer, L. Simultaneous determination of metal traces by ICP-MS in environmental waters using SPE preconcentration on different polymeric sorbents. Chem. Pap. 66, 899–906 (2012). https://doi.org/10.2478/s11696-012-0185-8
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/s11696-012-0185-8