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BioH2 & BioCH4 Through Anaerobic Digestion

From Research to Full-scale Applications

  • Book
  • © 2015

Overview

Authors:
  1. Bernardo Ruggeri

    1. Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy

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  2. Tonia Tommasi

    1. Center for Space Human Robotics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Turin, Italy

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  3. Sara Sanfilippo

    1. Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy

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  • Presents a new Anaerobic Digestion (AD) approach for producing hydrogen and methane in two subsequent stages and the transformation of traditional AD for producing biogases (methane and carbon dioxide) using organic materials such as energy crops or organic refuse obtained from the food chain
  • Reviews the best results from the last decade on biohydrogen production by means of AD in order to understand how to proceed toward full-scale application
  • Covers the analysis, design, and performance monitoring for a biohydrogen and biomethane production plant, focusing in particular on its energy sustainability with a novel engineering approach: EROI (energy return on investment) and EPT (energy payback time)
  • Includes supplementary material: sn.pub/extras

Part of the book series: Green Energy and Technology (GREEN)

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Table of contents (9 chapters)

  1. Front Matter

    Pages i-xx
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  2. Ecological Mechanisms of Dark H2 Production by a Mixed Microbial Community

    • Bernardo Ruggeri, Tonia Tommasi, Sara Sanfilippo
    Pages 1-24

  3. Pretreatment to Increase Hydrogen Producing Bacteria (HPB)

    • Bernardo Ruggeri, Tonia Tommasi, Sara Sanfilippo
    Pages 25-36

  4. Kinetics, Dynamics and Yield of H2 Production by HPB

    • Bernardo Ruggeri, Tonia Tommasi, Sara Sanfilippo
    Pages 37-63

  5. Effect of Temperature on Fermentative H2 Production by HPB

    • Bernardo Ruggeri, Tonia Tommasi, Sara Sanfilippo
    Pages 65-83

  6. Net Energy Production of H2 in Anaerobic Digestion

    • Bernardo Ruggeri, Tonia Tommasi, Sara Sanfilippo
    Pages 85-105

  7. Hydrogen Production from Biowaste

    • Bernardo Ruggeri, Tonia Tommasi, Sara Sanfilippo
    Pages 107-135

  8. Valorization of Liquid End-Residues of H2 Production by Microbial Fuel Cell

    • Bernardo Ruggeri, Tonia Tommasi, Sara Sanfilippo
    Pages 137-159

  9. Two-Step Anaerobic Digestion Process

    • Bernardo Ruggeri, Tonia Tommasi, Sara Sanfilippo
    Pages 161-191

  10. Energy Sustainability Evaluation of Anaerobic Digestion

    • Bernardo Ruggeri, Tonia Tommasi, Sara Sanfilippo
    Pages 193-212

  11. Back Matter

    Pages 213-218
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Keywords

About this book

This book presents a Two-Stage Anaerobic Digestion (TSAD) technique for producing hydrogen and methane, following a step-by-step approach in order to guide readers through the experimental verification of the related hypothesis. In the first stage of AD, the reaction conditions are optimized to obtain the maximum amount of hydrogen, while in the second the liquid residue from the first phase is used as a substrate to produce fuel-methane. AD has traditionally been used to reduce the organic content of waste; this results in a biogas that is primarily constituted of CH4 and CO2. Over the last few decades, the conversion of organic matter into hydrogen by means of AD and selecting Hydrogen Producing Bacteria (HPB) has matured into a viable and sustainable technology among the pallet of H2 generation technologies. The combined bio-production of hydrogen and methane from Organic Waste Materials (OWM) is considered to be an ideal way of utilizing waste, and can increase energy efficiency (the substrate Heat Value converted into H2 and CH4 fuel) to roughly 80%, since the energy efficiency of H2-production alone (15%) is not energetically competitive. The two gas streams can be used either separately or in combination (Hytane®), be supplied as civilian gas or used for transportation purposes. All the aspects of this sustainable technology are taken into account, from the basic biochemical implications to engineering aspects, establishing the design criteria and the scale-up procedures for full-scale application. The sustainability of the TSAD method is assessed by applying EROI (Energy Return On Investment) and EPT (Energy Payback Time) criteria, and both the general approach and application to the field of Anaerobic Digestion are illustrated.  

Authors and Affiliations

  • Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy

    Bernardo Ruggeri, Sara Sanfilippo

  • Center for Space Human Robotics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Turin, Italy

    Tonia Tommasi

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