This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Natanson C, Hoffman WD, Suffredini AF et al. Selected treatment strategies for septic shock based on proposed mechanisms of pathogenesis. Ann Intern Med 1994; 120:771–783
Zeni F, Freeman B, Natanson C. Anti-inflammatory therapies to treat sepsis and septic shock: a reassessment. Crit Care Med 1997; 25:1095–1100
Döcke WD, Randow F, Syrbe U, Krausch D, Asadullah K, Reinke P, Volk HD, Kox W. Monocyte deactivation in septic patients: restoration by IFN-γ treatment Nature. Med 1997; 3:678–681
Echtenacher B, Falk W, Mannel DN et al. Requirement of endogenous tumor necrosis factor/cachectin for recovery from experimental peritonitis. J Immunol 1990; 145:3762–3766
Pfeffer K. Mice deficient for the p55 kD tumor necrosis factor receptor are resistant to endotoxic shock, yet succumb to L. monocytogenes infection. Cell 1993; 73:457–467
Jack RS, Fan X, Bernheiden M et al. Lipopolysaccaride binding protein is required to combat a murine gram-negative bacterial infection. Nature 1997; 389:742–745
Berg DJ, Kuhn R, Rajewsky K et al. IL-10 is a central regulator of the response to LPS in murine models of endotoxic shock and the Schwartzman reaction but not endotoxin tolerance. J Clin Invest 1995; 96:2339–2347
Christ M, McCartney-Francis NL, Kulkarni AB et al. Immune dysregulation in TGF-beta 1 deficient mice. J Immunol 1994; 153:1936–1946
Rosenbloom AJ, Pinsky MR, Napolitano C et al. Suppression of cytokine-mediated beta2-integrin activation on circulating neutrophils in critically ill patients. J Leukoc Biol 1999; 66:83–89
Faist E, Kim C. Therapeutic immunomodulatory approaches for the control of systemic inflammatory response syndrome and the prevention of sepsis. New Horiz 1998; 6:97–102
Döcke WD, Reinke P, Syrbe U et al. Immunoparalysis in sepsis — from phenomenon to treatment strategies. Transplantationsmedizin 1997; 9:55–65
Randow F, Syrbe U, Meisel C et al. Mechanism of endotoxin desensitization — involvement of IL-10 and TGFB. J Exp Med 1995; 5:1887–1892
Volk HD, Reinke P, Falck P Staffa G, Briedigkeit H, von Baehr R. Diagnostic value of an immune monitoring program for the clinical management of immunosuppressed patients with septic complications. Clin Transplant 1989; 3:246–252
Zedler S, Bone RC, Baue AE et al. T-cell reactivity and its predictive role in immunosuppression after burns. Crit Care Med 1999; 27:66–72
Hershman MJ, Cheadle WG, Wellhausen SR et al. Monocyte HLA-DR antigen expression characterizes clinical outcome in the trauma patient. Br J Surg 1990; 77:204–207
Livingston DH, Appel SH, Wellhausen SR et al. Depressed interferon gamma production and monocyte HLA-DR expression after severe injury. Arch Surg 1988; 123:1309–1312
Woiciechowsky C, Asadullah K, Nestler D, Eberhardt B, Platzer C, Schöning B, Glöckner F, Lanksch WR, Volk HD, Döcke WD. Sympathetic activation triggers systemic IL-10 release in immunodepression induced by brain injury. Nature Med 1998; 4:808–813
Meisel C, Vogt K, Platzer C et al. Differential regulation of monocytic tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-10 expression. Eur J Immunol 1996; 26:1580–1586
Bone RC. Sir Isaac Newton, sepsis, SIRS, and CARS. Crit Care Med 1996; 24:1125–1128
Voll RE, Herrmann M, Roth EA et al. Immunosuppressive effects of apoptotic cells. Nature 1997; 390:350–351
Asadullah K, Stephanek K, Leupold M et al. IL-10 is a key cytokine in psoriasis. Proof of principle by IL-10 therapy: a new therapeutic approach. J Clin Invest 1998; 101:1–12
Wolk K, Döcke WD, von Baehr V, Volk HD, Sabat R. Impaired antigen presentation by human monocytes during endotoxin tolerance. Blood 2000; 96:218–223.
Eskdale J, Gallagher G, Verweij CL et al. Interleukin 10 secretion in relation to human IL-10 locus haplotypes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998; 95:9465–9470
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2002 Kluwer Academic Publishers
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Volk, HD., Höflich, C., Grütz, G., Döcke, WD., Reinke, P. (2002). Pathophysiology of Immunodepression in ICU Patients. In: Vincent, JL., Carlet, J., Opal, S.M. (eds) The Sepsis Text. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47664-9_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47664-9_11
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-0-7923-7620-0
Online ISBN: 978-0-306-47664-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive