Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Excitation Energy Transfer: Functional and Dynamic Aspects of Lhc (cab) Proteins

  • Chapter
Oxygenic Photosynthesis: The Light Reactions

Part of the book series: Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration ((AIPH,volume 4))

Summary

Photosynthetic light-harvesting complexes have been the subject of extensive research because of interest in their primary function, namely the absorption of light and the transfer of excitation energy to a photochemical reaction center. As a result, a great deal of information has accumulated on the pigment co-factors, structure and folding of the corresponding proteins, molecular and supramolecular organization in the thylakoid membrane, and on their association with the photosystems. In addition to the structural-functional and assembly characteristics, this chapter reviews dynamic aspects of the light-harvesting complexes including the modulation of the light-harvesting antenna size by irradiance, the role of light-harvesting complexes in the regulation of excitation energy distribution between the two photosystems and the role they play as signal receptors for photosystem ratio adjustment in chloroplasts. Finally, the chapter examines aspects of exciton interactions between carotenoids and chlorophylls in the Lhc proteins and presents highlights of excitation transfer dynamics in the pigment bed of light-harvesting complexes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 259.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Allen JF (1992) Protein phosphorylation in regulation of photosynthesis. Biochim Biophys Acta 1098: 275–335

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Allen JF, Bennett J, Steinback KE and Arntzen CJ (1981) Chloroplast protein phosphorylation couples plastoquinone redox state to distribution of excitation energy between photosystems. Nature 291: 21–25

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson JM (1980) P-700 content and polypeptide profile of chlorophyll-protein complexes of spinach and barley thylakoids. Biochim Biophys Acta 591: 113–126

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson JM (1986) Photoregulation of the composition, function, and structure of thylakoid membranes. Ann Rev Plant Physiol 37: 93–136

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson JM and Andersson B (1988) The dynamic photosynthetic membrane and regulation of solar energy conversion. Trends in Biochemical Sciences 13: 351–355

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson JM and Barrett J (1986) Light-harvesting pigment-protein complexes of algae. In: Staehelin LA and Arntzen CJ (eds) Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, New Series, Vol., 19, pp 269–285. Springer-Verlag, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson JM and Chow WS (1992) A regulatory feedback mechanism for light acclimation of the photosynthetic apparatus: Are Photosystems II and I self-regulatory sensors? In: Argyroudi-Akoyunoglou JH (ed) Regulation of Chloroplast Biogenesis, pp 475–482. Plenum Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson JM, Brown JS, Lam E and Malkin R (1983) Chlorophyll b: an integral component of Photosystem I of higher plant chloroplasts. Photochem Photobiol 38: 205–210

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barber J (1982) Influence of surface charges on thylakoid structure and function. Ann Rev Plant Physiol 33: 261–295

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bassi R, Giacometti GM and Simpson DJ (1988) Changes in the organization of stroma membranes induced by in vivo state 1-state 2 transition. Biochim Biophys Acta 935: 152–165

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Beauregard M, Martin I and Holzwarth AR (1991) Kinetic modeling of exciton migration in photosynthetic systems (1) Effects of pigment heterogeneity and antenna topography on exciton kinetics and charge separation yields. Biochim Biophys Acta 1060: 271–283

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bennett J (1991) Protein phosphorylation in green plant chloroplasts. Ann Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 42: 281–311

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bennett J, Steinback KE and Arntzen CJ (1980) Chloroplast phosphoproteins: Regulation of excitation energy transfer by phosphorylation of thylakoid membranes. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 77: 5253–5257

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Berthold DA, Babcock GT, Yocum CF (1981) A highly-resolved, oxygen-evolving Photosystem II preparation from spinach thylakoid membranes. FEBS Lett 134: 231–234

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Björkman O and Demmig B (1987) Photon yield of O2 evolution and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics at 77 K among vascular plants of diverse origins. Planta 170: 489–504

    Google Scholar 

  • Björkman O and Ludlow MM (1972) Characterization of the light climate on the floor of a Queensland rainforest. Carnegie Inst Washington Yearbook 71: 85–94

    Google Scholar 

  • Björkman O, Boardman NK, Anderson JM, Thorne SW, Goodchild DJ and Pyliotis NA (1972) Effect of light intensity during growth of Atriplex patula on the capacity of photosynthetic reactions, chloroplast components and structure. Carnegie Inst Washington Yearbook, 71: 115–135

    Google Scholar 

  • Bratt CE and Ã…kerlund H-E (1992) The role of the chlorophyll a/b-binding complex CP29 in thylakoid membranes. In: Murata N (ed) Research in Photosynthesis, Vol I, pp 231–234. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht

    Google Scholar 

  • Bricker TM (1990) The structure and function of CPa-1 and CPa-2 in Photosystem II. Photosynthesis Research 24: 1–13

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bruce BD, Malkin R, Wynn RM and Zilber A (1989) Structural organization and function of polypeptide subunits in Photosystem I. In: Barber J and Malkin R (eds) Techniques and Developments in Photosynthesis Research, NATO ASI series, Series A, Life sciences, Vol. 168, pp 61–80. Plenum Publishing Co, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Chow WS, Haehnel W and Anderson JM (1987) The composition and function of thylakoid membranes from pea plants grown under white or green light with or without far-red light. Physiologia Plantarum 70: 196–202

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chow WS, Goodchild DJ, Miller C and Anderson JM (1990a) The influence of high levels of brief or prolonged supplementary far-red illumination during growth on the photosynthetic characteristics, composition and morphology of Pisum sativum chloroplasts. Plant, Cell and Environment 13: 135–145

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chow WS, Melis A and Anderson JM (1990b) Adjustments of photosystem stoichiometry in chloroplasts improve the quantum efficiency of photosynthesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 87: 7502–7506

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Coughlan SJ (1988) Chloroplast thylakoid protein phosphorylation is influenced by mutations in the cytochrome b-f complex. Biochim Biophys Acta 933: 413–422

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Coughlan SJ and Hind G (1986) Protein kinases of the thylakoid membrane. J Biol Chem 261: 14062–14068

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dainese P, Marquardt J, Pineau B and Bassi R (1992a) Identification of violaxanthin and zeaxanthin binding proteins in maize Photosystem II. In: Murata N (ed) Research in Photosynthesis, Vol I, pp 287–290. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht

    Google Scholar 

  • Dainese P, Santini C, Ghiretti-Magaldi A, Marquardt J, Tidu V, Mauro S, Bergantino E and Bassi R (1992b) The organization of pigment-proteins within Photosystem II. In: Murata N (ed) Research in Photosynthesis, Vol II, pp 13–20. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht

    Google Scholar 

  • Darr SC, Somerville SC and Arntzen CJ (1986) Monoclonal antibodies to the light harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein complex of Photosystem II. J Cell Biol 103: 733–740

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • DeCoster B, Christensen RL, Gebhard R, Lugtenburg J, Farhoosh R and Frank HA (1992) Low-lying electronic states of carotenoids. Biochim Biophys Acta 1102: 107–114

    Google Scholar 

  • Demmig-Adams B (1990) Carotenoids and photoprotection in plants–A role for the xanthophyll zeaxanthin. Biochim Biophys Acta 1020: 1–24

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Demmig-Adams B and Adams WW III (1992) Photoprotection and other responses of plants to high-light. Ann Rev Plant Physiol & Plant Mol Biol 43: 599–626

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Deng X and Melis A (1986) Phosphorylation of the light-harvesting complex II in higher plant chloroplasts: Effect on PS II and PS I absorption cross section. Photobiochem Photobiophys 13: 41–52

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Du M, Xie X, Jia Y, Mets L and Fleming GR (1993) Direct observation of ultrafast energy transfer in PS I core antenna. Chemical Physics Letters 201: 535–542

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dunahay TG and Staehelin LA (1986) Isolation and characterization of a new minor chlorophyll a-b-protein complex (CP24) of spinach. Plant Physiol 80: 429–434

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Emerson R and Arnold W (1932a) A separation of the reactions in photosynthesis by means of intermittent light. J Gen Physiol 15: 391–420

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Emerson R and Arnold W (1932b) The photochemical reactions in photosynthesis. J Gen Physiol 16: 191–205

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Evans JR (1987) The dependence of quantum yield on wavelength and growth irradiance. Aust J Plant Physiol 14: 69–79

    Google Scholar 

  • Evans MCW (1982) Iron-sulfur centers in photosynthetic electron transport. In: Spiro TG (ed), Iron-sulfur Proteins, Vol. 4, pp 249–284. Wiley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Fish LE, Kuck U and Bogorad L (1985) Two partially homologous adjacent light-inducible maize chloroplast genes encoding polypeptides of the P700 chlorophyll a protein complex of Photosystem I. J Biol Chem 260: 1413–1421

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fork DC and Satoh K (1986) The control by state transitions of the distribution of excitation energy in photosynthesis. Ann Rev Plant Physiol 37: 335–362

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Frank HA, Violette CA, Trautman JK, Owens TG and Albrecht AC (1991) Carotenoids in photosynthesis: Structure and photochemistry. Pure Appl Chem 63: 109–114

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • French CS, Brown JS and Lawrence MC (1972) Four universal forms of chlorophyll. Plant Physiol 49: 421–429

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fujita Y (1992) Plasticity of biological system for light-energy conversion in oxygenic photosynthesis. In: Matsunaga T, Hikuma M and Kajiwara K (eds) Proceedings of the Symposium on the Development of Opto-bio Materials. Transl Mat Res Soc Japan 10: 25–45

    Google Scholar 

  • Fujita Y, Murakami A, Ohki K and Hagiwara N (1988) Regulation of photosystem composition in cyanobacterial photosynthetic systems: Evidence indicating that Photosystem I formation is controlled in response to the electron transport state. Plant Cell Physiol 29: 557–564

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fujita Y, Iwama Y, Ohki K, Murakami A, Hagiwara N (1989) Regulation of the size of light-harvesting antennae in response to light intensity in the green alga Chlorella pyrenoidosa. Plant Cell Physiol 30: 1029–1037

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gaffron H and Wohl K (1936) Zur theorie der assimilation. Naturwissenschaften 24: 81–90

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gal A, Hauska G, Herrmann R and Ohad I (1990) Interaction between LHC-II kinase and cytochrome b 6-f in vitro control of kinase activity. J Biol Chem 265:, 19742–19749

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ghirardi ML and Melis A (1984) Photosystem electron transport capacity and light-harvesting antenna size in maize chloroplasts. Plant Physiol 74: 993–998

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ghirardi ML and Melis A (1988) Chlorophyll b-deficiency in soybean mutants. I. Effects on photosystem stoichiometry and chlorophyll antenna size. Biochim Biophys Acta 932: 130–137

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ghirardi ML, McCauley SW and Melis A (1986) Photochemical apparatus organization in the thylakoid membrane of Hordeum vulgare wild-type and chlorophyll b-less chlorina-f2 mutant. Biochim Biophys Acta 851: 331–339

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Glazer AN and Melis A (1987) Photochemical reaction centers: Structure, organization, and function. Annu Rev Plant Physiol 38: 11–45

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Glick RE and Melis A (1988) Minimum photosynthetic unit size in system-I and system-II of barley chloroplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta 934: 151–155

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Glick RE, McCauley SW, Gruissem W and Melis A (1986) Light quality regulates expression of chloroplast genes and assembly of photosynthetic membrane complexes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83: 4287–4291

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Golbeck JH (1992) Structure and function of Photosystem I. Ann Rev Plant Physiol and Plant Mol Biol 43: 293–324

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goedheer JC (1969) Energy transfer from carotenoids to chlorophyll in blue-green, red and green algae and greening bean leaves. Biochim Biophys Acta 172: 252–265

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Green BR and Camm EL (1981) A model of the relationship of the chlorophyll-protein complexes associated with Photosystem II. In: Akoyunoglou G (ed) Photosynthesis III. Structure and Molecular Organization of the Photosynthetic Apparatus, pp 675–681. Balaban International Science Services, Philadelphia, PA

    Google Scholar 

  • Green BR and Camm EL (1982) The nature of the light-harvesting complex as defined by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Biochim Biophys Acta 681: 256–262

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Greenbaum NL and Mauzerall DC (1991) Effect of irradiance level on distribution of chlorophylls between PS II and PS I as determined from optical cross-sections. Biochim Biophys Acta 1057: 195–207

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Greenbaum NL, Ley AC and Mauzerall DC (1987) Use of a light-induced respiratory transient to measure the optical cross section of Photosystem I in Chlorella. Plant Physiol 84: 879–882

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Greene BA, Allred DR, Morishige D and Staehelin LA (1988a) Hierarchical response of light-harvesting chlorophyll-proteins in a light-sensitive chlorophyll b-deficient mutant of maize. Plant Physiol 87: 357–364

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Greene BA, Staehelin LA and Melis A (1988b) Compensatory alterations in the photochemical apparatus of a photoregulatory, chlorophyll b-deficient mutant of maize. Plant Physiol 87: 365–370

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Guenther JE, Nemson JA and Melis A (1988) Photosystem stoichiometry and chlorophyll antenna size in Dunaliella salina (green algae). Biochim Biophys Acta 934: 108–117

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harrison MA and Melis A (1992) Organization and stability of polypeptides associated with the chlorophyll a-b light-harvesting complex of Photosystem II. Plant Cell Physiol 33: 627–637

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harrison MA, Nemson JA and Melis A (1993) Assembly and composition of the chlorophyll a-b light-harvesting complex of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.): Immunochemical analysis of chlorophyll b-less and chlorophyll b-deficient mutants. Photosynthesis Research 38: 141–151

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Haworth P, Kyle DJ, Horton P and Arntzen CJ (1982) Chloroplast membrane protein phosphorylation. Photochem Photobiol 36: 743–748

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Haworth P, Watson JL and Arntzen CJ (1983) The detection, isolation and characterization of a light-harvesting complex which is specifically associated with Photosystem I. Biochim Biophys Acta 724: 151–158

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Holzwarth AR (1992) Exciton dynamics in antennae and reaction centers of Photosystems I and II. In: Murata N (ed) Research in Photosynthesis, Vol I, pp 187–194. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht

    Google Scholar 

  • Holzwarth AR and Roelofs TA (1992) Recent advances in the understanding of chlorophyll excited state dynamics in thylakoid membranes and isolated reaction center complexes. J Photochem Photobiol B: Biol 15: 45–62

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Høyer-Hansen G, Bassi R, Honberg LS and Simpson DJ (1988) Immunological characterization of chlorophyll a-b-binding proteins of barley thylakoids. Planta 173: 12–21

    Google Scholar 

  • Ikeuchi M, Hirano A and Inoue Y (1991) Correspondence of apoproteins of light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b complexes associated with Photosystem I to cab genes: Evidence for a novel Type IV apoprotein. Plant Cell Physiol 32: 103–112.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jansson S (1992) The chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins: Studies on the Lhca and Lhcb genes of Scots pine. Doctoral dissertation, University of UmeÃ¥, Department of Plant Physiology

    Google Scholar 

  • Jansson S, Pichersky E, Bassi R, Green BR, Ikeuchi M, Melis A, Simpson DJ, Spangfort M, Staehelin LA, Thornber JP (1992) A nomenclature for the genes encoding the chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins of higher plants. Plant Mol Biol Rep 10: 242–253

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jennings RC, Zucchelli G and Garlaschi FM (1990) Excitation energy transfer from the chlorophyll spectral forms to Photosystem II reaction centers: A fluorescence induction study. Biochim Biophys Acta 1016: 259–265

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Karukstis KK (1992) Chlorophyll fluorescence analyses of Photosystem II reaction center heterogeneity. J Photochem Photobiol B: Biol 15: 63–74

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Katoh T (1992) Sl state of fucoxanthin involved in energy transfer to chlorophyll a in the light-harvesting proteins of brown algae. In: Murata N (ed), Research in Photosynthesis, Vol. I, pp 227–230. Kluwer Academic Publishers Dordrecht

    Google Scholar 

  • Katoh T, Nagashima U and Mimuro M (1991) Fluorescence properties of the allelic carotenoid fucoxanthin: Implications for energy transfer in photosynthetic systems. Photosyn Res 27: 221–226

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim JH, Glick RE and Melis A (1993) Dynamics of photosystem stoichiometry adjustment by light-quality in chloroplasts. Plant Physiol 102: 181–190

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kirk JTO (1983) Light and Photosynthesis in Aquatic Ecosystems. Cambridge University Press. New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Kirsch W, Seyer P, and Herrmann RG (1986) Nucleotide sequence of the clustered genes for two P700 chlorophyll a apoproteins of the Photosystem I reaction center and the ribosomal protein S14 of the spinach plastid chromosome. Curr Genet 10: 843–855

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Knoetzel J, Svendsen I and Simpson DJ (1992) Identification of the Photosystem I antenna polypeptides in barley. Isolation of 3 pigment-binding antenna complexes. Eur J Biochem 206: 209–215

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kühlbrandt W and Wang DN (1991) Three-dimensional structure of plant light-harvesting complex determined by electron crystallography. Nature 350: 130–134

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kühlbrandt W, Wang DN and Fujiyoshi Y (1994) Atomic model of plant light-harvesting complex determined by electron crystallography. Nature 367: 614–621

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kyle DJ, Kuang T-Y, Watson JL and Arntzen CJ (1984) Movement of a subpopulation of LHC-II from grana to stroma lamellae as a consequence of its phosphorylation. Biochim Biophys Acta 765: 89–96

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lam E, Baltimore B, Ortiz W, Chollar S, Melis A and Malkin R (1983) Characterization of a resolved oxygen-evolving Photosystem II preparation from spinach chloroplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta 724: 201–211

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lam E, Ortiz W and Malkin R (1984a) Chlorophyll a/b proteins of Photosystem I. FEBS Lett 168: 10–14

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lam E, Ortiz W, Mayfield S and Malkin R (1984b) Isolation and characterization of a light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b complex associated with Photosystem I. Plant Physiol 74: 650–655

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • LaRoche J, Mortain-Bertrand A and Falkowski PG (1991) Light-intensity-induced changes in cab mRNA and light-harvesting complex II apoprotein levels in the unicellular chlorophyte Dunaliella tertiolecta. Plant Physiol 97: 147–153

    Google Scholar 

  • Larsson UK and Andersson B (1985) Different degrees of phosphorylation and lateral mobility of two polypeptides belonging to the light-harvesting complex of Photosystem II. Biochim Biophys Acta 809: 396–402

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Larsson UK, Ögren E, Öquist G and Andersson B (1986) Electron transport and fluorescence studies on the functional interaction between phospho-LHC-II and Photosystem I in isolated stroma lamellae vesicles. Photobiochem Photobiophys 13: 29–39

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Larsson UK, Sundby C and Andersson B (1987a) Characterization of two different subpopulations of spinach light-harvesting chlorophyll a-b-protein complex (LHC-II): Polypeptide composition, phosphorylation pattern and association with Photosystem II. Biochim Biophys Acta 894: 59–68.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Larsson UK, Anderson JM and Andersson B (1987b) Variations in the relative content of the peripheral and inner light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-protein complex (LHC-II) subpopulations during thylakoid light adaptation and development. Biochim Biophys Acta 894: 69–75

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Leong TA and Anderson JM (1984a) Adaptation of the thylakoid membranes of pea chloroplasts to light intensities. I. Study on the distribution of chlorophyll-protein complexes. Photosynth Res 5: 105–115

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Leong TA and Anderson JM (1984b) Adaptation of the thylakoid membranes of pea chloroplasts to light intensities. II. Regulation of electron-transport capacities, electron carriers, coupling factor (CF1) activity and rates of photosynthesis. Photosynth Res 5: 117–128

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ley AC and Mauzerall DC (1982) Absolute absorption cross sections for Photosystem II and the minimum quantum requirement for photosynthesis in Chlorella vulgaris. Biochim Biophys Acta 680: 95–106

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lichtenthaler HK and Meir D (1984) Regulation of chloroplast photomorphogenesis by light intensity and light quality. In: Ellis RJ (ed), Chloroplast Biogenesis, pp 245–258. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  • MacKinney G (1940) Criteria for purity of chlorophyll preparations. J Biol Chem 132: 91–109

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Malkin S and Fork DC (1981) Photosynthetic units of sun and shade plants. Plant Physiol 67: 580–583

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mauzerall D (1986) The optical cross section and absolute size of a photosynthetic unit. Photosynth Res 10: 163–170

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mauzerall D and Greenbaum NL (1989) The absolute size of a photosynthetic unit. Biochim Biophys Acta 974: 119–140

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mawson BT, Morrissey PJ, Gomez A and Melis A (1994) Thylakoid membrane development and differentiation: Assembly of the chlorophyll a-b light-harvesting complex and evidence for the origin of Mr=19,17,5 and 13.4 kDa proteins. Plant Cell Physiol 35: 341–351

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Melis A (1984) Light regulation of photosynthetic membrane structure, organization and function. J Cell Biochem 24: 271–285

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Melis A (1989) Spectroscopic methods in photosynthesis: Photosystem stoichiometry and chlorophyll antenna size. Phil Trans R Soc Lond B 323: 397–409

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Melis A (1991) Dynamics of photosynthetic membrane composition and function. Biochim Biophys Acta 1058: 87–106

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Melis A and Anderson JM (1983) Structural and functional organization of the photosystems in spinach chloroplasts: Antenna size, relative electron transport capacity, and chlorophyll composition. Biochim Biophys Acta 724: 473–484.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Melis A and Brown JS (1980) Stoichiometry of system I and system II reaction centers and of plastoquinone in different photosynthetic membranes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 77: 4712–4716.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Melis A and Harvey GW (1981) Regulation of photosystem stoichiometry, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b content and relation to chloroplast ultrastructure. Biochim Biophys Acta 637: 138–145.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Melis A, Manodori A, Glick RE, Ghirardi ML, McCauley SW and Neale PJ (1985) The mechanism of photosynthetic membrane adaptation to environmental stress conditions: A hypothesis on the role of electron-transport capacity and of ATP/NADPH pool in the regulation of thylakoid membrane organization and function. Physiol Veg 23: 757–765

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Melis A, Mullineaux CW and Allen JF (1989) Acclimation of the photosynthetic apparatus to Photosystem I or Photosystem II light: Evidence from quantum yield measurement and fluorescence spectroscopy of cyanobacterial cells. Z Naturforsch Teil C 44: 109–118

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Michel H, Hunt DF, Shabanowitz J and Bennett J (1988) Tandem mass spectrometry reveals that three PS II proteins of spinach chloroplasts contain N-acetyl-O-phosphothreonine at their NH2 termini. J Biol Chem 25: 1123–1130

    Google Scholar 

  • Morrissey PJ, Glick RE and Melis A (1989) Supramolecular assembly and function of subunits associated with the chlorophyll a/b light-harvesting complex II (LHC-II) in soybean chloroplasts. Plant Cell Physiol 30: 335–344

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mukerji I and Sauer K (1993) Energy transfer dynamics of an isolated light-harvesting complex of Photosystem I from spinach: Time resolved fluorescence measurements at 295 K and 77 K. Biochim Biophys Acta 1142: 311–320

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mullet JE (1983) The amino acid sequence of the polypeptide segments which regulate membrane adhesion (grana stacking) in chloroplasts. J Biol Chem 258: 9941–9948

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Murakami A and Fujita Y (1988) Steady state of photosynthesis in cyanobacterial photosynthetic systems before and after regulation of electron transport composition: Overall rate of photosynthesis and PS I/PS II composition. Plant Cell Physiol 29: 305–311

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Murakami A and Fujita Y (1991) Steady state ofphotosynthetic electron transport in cells of the cyanophyte Synechocystis PCC 6714 having different stoichiometry between PS I and PS II: Analysis of flash-induced oxidation-reduction of cytochrome f and P700 under steady state of photosynthesis. Plant Cell Physiol 32: 213–222

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Murata N, Miyao M, Omata T, Matsunami H and Kuwabara T (1984) Stoichiometry of components in the photosynthetic oxygen evolution system of Photosystem II particles prepared with Triton X-100 from spinach chloroplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta 765: 363–369

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nanba O and Satoh K (1987) Isolation of a Photosystem II reaction center consisting of D-1 and D-2 polypeptides and cytochrome b-559. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84: 109–112

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Neale PJ and Melis A (1986) Algal photosynthetic membrane complexes and the photosynthesis-irradiance curve: A comparison of light-adaptation responses in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. J Phycol 22: 531–538

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ortiz W, Lam E, Ghirardi M and Malkin R (1984) Antenna function of a chlorophyll a/b protein complex of Photosystem I. Biochim Biophys Acta 766: 505–509

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Owens TG, Shreve AP, Albrecht AC (1992) Dynamics and mechanism of singlet energy transfer between carotenoids and chlorophylls: Light-harvesting and non-photochemical fluorescence quenching. In: Murata N (ed), Research in Photosynthesis, Vol I, pp 179–186. Kluwer Academic Publishers Dordrecht

    Google Scholar 

  • Öquist G, Samuelson G and Bishop NI (1980) On the role of β-carotene in the reaction center chlorophyll a antenna of Photosystem I. Physiol Plant 50: 63–70

    Google Scholar 

  • Peter GF and Thornber JP (1988) The antenna components of Photosystem II with emphasis on the major pigment-protein, LHC-IIb. In: Scheer H and Schneider S (eds), Photosynthetic Light-Harvesting Systems, Organization and Function, pp 175–186. Walter de Gruyter, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Peter GF and Thornber JP (1991) Biochemical composition and organization of higher plant Photosystem II light-harvesting pigment-proteins. J Biol Chem 266: 16745–16754

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ranjeva R and Boudet AM (1987) Phosphorylation of proteins in plants: Regulatory effects and potential involvement in stimulus/response coupling. Ann Rev Plant Physiol 38: 73–93

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rijgersberg CP, Melis A, Amesz J and Swager JA (1979) Quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence and photochemical activity of chloroplasts at low temperature. In: Chlorophyll Organization and Energy Transfer in Photosynthesis. The CIBA Foundation Symposium 61 (new series), pp 305–322. Excerpta Medica, Elsevier, North Holland

    Google Scholar 

  • Roelofs TA, Lee C-H and Holzwarth AR (1992) Global target analysis of picosecond chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics from pea chloroplasts A new approach to the characterization of the primary processes in Photosystem II α and β units. Biophys J 61: 1147–1163

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Satoh K and Butler WL (1978) Competition between the 735 nm fluorescence and the photochemistry of Photosystem I in chloroplasts at low temperature. Biochim Biophys Acta 502: 103–110

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Seifermanns-Harms D (1985) Carotenoids in photosynthesis. I. Location in photosynthetic membranes and light-harvesting function. Biochim Biophys Acta 811: 325–355

    Google Scholar 

  • Shreve AP, Trautman JK, Owens TG and Albrecht AC (1991) A femtosecond study of electronic state dynamics of fucoxanthin and implications for photosynthetic carotenoid to chlorophyll energy transfer mechanisms. Chemical Physics 154: 171–178

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Simpson D (1990) The structure of Photosystem I and II. In: Baltscheffsky M (ed) Current Research in Photosynthesis, Vol II, pp 725–732. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston

    Google Scholar 

  • Simpson DJ, Machold O, Høyer-Hansen G and von Wettstein D (1985) Chlorina mutants of barley (Hordeum vulgare L). Carlsberg Res Commun 50: 223–238

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smith BM, Morrissey PJ, Guenther JE, Nemson JA, Harrison MA, Allen JF, Melis A (1990) Response of the photosynthetic apparatus in Dunaliella salina (green algae) to irradiance stress. Plant Physiol 93: 1433–1440

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Smith H, Samson G and Fork DC (1993) Photosynthetic acclimation to shade–Probing the role of phytochromes using photomorphogenetic mutants of tomato. Plant, Cell and Environment 16: 929–937

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spangfort M and Andersson B (1989) Subpopulations of the main chlorophyll a/b light-harvesting complex of Photosystem II: Isolation and biochemical characterization. Biochim Biophys Acta 977: 163–170

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spangfort M, Larsson UK, Anderson JM and Andersson B (1987) Isolation of two different subpopulations of the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b complex of Photosystem II. FEBS Lett 224: 343–347

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Staehelin LA (1986) Chloroplast structure and supramolecular organization of photosynthetic membranes. In: Staehelin LA and Arntzen CJ (eds) Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, Photosynthesis III, Vol, 19, pp 1–83. Springer-Verlag, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  • Sukenik A, Bennett J and Falkowski PG (1988) Changes in the abundance of individual apoproteins of light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-protein complexes of Photosystem I and II with growth irradiance in the marine chlorophyte Dunaliella tertiolecta. Biochim Biophys Acta 932: 206–215

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Telfer A (1987) The importance of membrane surface electrical charge on the regulation of photosynthetic electron-transport by reversible protein phosphorylation. In: Biggins J (ed) Progress in Photosynthesis Research, Vol II, pp 689–696. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht

    Google Scholar 

  • Telfer A, Allen JF, Barber J and Bennett J (1983) Thylakoid protein phosphorylation during state 1-state 2 transitions in osmotically shocked pea chloroplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta 722: 176–181

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Telfer A, Whitelegge JP, Bottin H and Barber J (1986) Changes in the efficiency of P700 photo-oxidation in response to protein phosphorylation detected by flash absorption spectroscopy. J Chem Soc, Faraday Trans 2. 82: 2207–2215

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Terashima I and Saeki T (1983) Light environment within a leaf. I. Optical properties of paradermal sections of Camelia leaves with special reference to differences in the optical properties of palisade and spongy tissues. Plant Cell Physiol 24: 1493–1501

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thielen APGM and van Gorkom HJ (1981a) Quantum efficiency and antenna size of Photosystem IIα IIβ and I in tobacco chloroplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta 635: 111–120

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thielen APGM and van Gorkom HJ (1981b) Energy transfer and quantum yield in Photosystem II. Biochim Biophys Acta 637: 439–446

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thornber JP (1986) Biochemical characterization and structure of pigment-proteins of photosynthetic organisms. In: Staehelin LA and Arntzen CJ (eds) Encyclopædia of Plant Physiology, New Series, Vol 19, pp 98–115. Springer Verlag, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Thornber JP and Highkin HP (1974) Composition of the photosynthetic apparatus of normal barley leaves and a mutant lacking chlorophyll b. Eur J Biochem 41: 109–116

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thornber JP, Gregory RPF, Smith CA and Bailey JL (1967) Studies on the nature of the chloroplast lamella. I. Preparation and some properties of two chlorophyll-protein complexes. Biochemistry 6: 391–396

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thornber JP, Peter GF, Chitnis PR, Nechushtai R and Vainstein A (1988) The light-harvesting complex of Photosystem II of higher plants. In: Stevens SE Jr and Bryant DA (eds), Light-energy Transduction in Photosynthesis: Higher Plant and Bacterial Models, pp 137–154. The American Society of Plant Physiologists, Rockville, Maryland

    Google Scholar 

  • Trautman JK, Shreve AP, Owens TG and Albrect AC (1990) Femtosecond dynamics of carotenoid-to-chlorophyll energy transfer in thylakoid membrane preparations from Phaeodactylum tricornutum and Nannochloropsis sp. Chem Phys Lett 166: 369–374

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vogelmann T (1989) Penetration of light into plants. Photochem Photobiol 50: 895–902

    Google Scholar 

  • Vogelmann TC (1993) Plant tissue optics. Ann Rev Plant Physiol and Plant Mol Biol 44: 231–251

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang RT and Myers J (1974) On the State 1-State 2 phenomenon in photosynthesis. Biochim Biophys Acta 347: 134–140

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Welty BA, Morishige DT and Thornber JP (1992) Identity of a group of 13.5–20 kDa polypeptides whose apparent abundance decreases during plastid development. Plant Cell Physiol 33: 1049–1055

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Werst M, Jia Y, Mets L and Fleming GR (1992) Energy transfer and trapping in the Photosystem I core antenna A temperature study. Biophys J 61: 868–878

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wilhelm C and Wild A (1984) The variability of the photosynthetic unit in Chlorella. J Plant Physiol 115: 125–135

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yamamoto HY (1979) Biochemistry of the violaxanthin cycle in higher plants. Pure Appl Chem 51: 639–648

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zucchelli G, Jennings RC and Garlaschi FM (1992) Independent fluorescence emission of the chlorophyll spectral forms in higher plant Photosystem II. Biochim Biophys Acta 1099: 163–169

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Biology, University of California, 411 Koshland Hall, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA

    Anastasios Melis

Authors
  1. Anastasios Melis
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. USDA/ARS, Photosynthesis Research Unit, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA

    Donald R. Ort

  2. Department of Biology/Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA

    Charles F. Yocum

  3. University of Illinois, USA

    Iris F. Heichel (Assistant Editor) (Assistant Editor)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1996 Kluwer Academic Publishers

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Melis, A. (1996). Excitation Energy Transfer: Functional and Dynamic Aspects of Lhc (cab) Proteins. In: Ort, D.R., Yocum, C.F., Heichel, I.F. (eds) Oxygenic Photosynthesis: The Light Reactions. Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration, vol 4. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-48127-8_29

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-48127-8_29

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-7923-3683-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-0-306-48127-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation