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Hyperbranched Polyamines for Transfection

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Nucleic Acid Transfection

Part of the book series: Topics in Current Chemistry ((TOPCURRCHEM,volume 296))

Abstract

The successful application of gene therapy through DNA transfection into the cell is still a great challenge in ongoing research. Hyperbranched polyamines are highly branched macromolecules, and have gained significant attention in the last two decades, due to their relative ease of preparation, their shape, and their multi-functionality.

This review deals with the syntheses of various hyperbranched polyamines that are prepared through a one-step polymerization process. Furthermore, we present the current status of polyamines as gene carriers and describe their versatility, and their properties such as structure-property dependency, gene transfection efficiency, and cytotoxicity profiles of hyperbranched polyamines.

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Abbreviations

293T:

Cell line

Ǻ:

Angström

A549:

Cell line (carcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial cell)

AEPZ:

1-(2-Aminoethyl) piperazine

AFM:

Atomic force microscope

AlCl3 :

Aluminum chloride

AMP:

4-(Aminomethyl)piperidine

ATPase:

Enzyme which catalyzes the degradation of adenosine triphosphate

B16F10:

Cell line (murine melanoma cell)

BDDA:

1,4-Butanediol diacrylate

bis-MPA:

2,2-Bis-(methylol)propionic acid

bPEI-g-lPEG:

Poly(ethyleneimine)-graft-poly(ethyleneglycol) copolymers

C2C12:

Cell line (mouse myoblast cell)

C6:

Rat glioma cell line

CBA:

N,N′-Cystamine bisacrylamide

Cbz:

Benzyl carbamate

CDC2:

Cell line (cell division control protein 2)

CHCl3 :

Chloroform

CHO-K1:

Cell line (Chinese hamster ovary-K1)

COS-7:

Cell line (African green monkey)

D:

Dendritic unit

Da:

Dalton

DB:

Degree of branching

DEAPA:

Diethylaminopropylamine

DETA:

Diethylenetriamine

DMDPTA:

N,N-Dimethylaminodipropylene-triamine

DNA:

Deoxyribonucleic acid

dPG:

Dendritic polyglycerols

DTT:

Dithiothreitol

EGDA:

Ethylene glycol diacrylate

EI:

Ethylene imine

FA:

Folic acid

G:

Generation

g:

Graft

GSH:

Reduced glutathione

h:

Hour

H2 :

Hydrogen

HDDA:

1,6-Hexanediol diacrylate

HEEI:

N-(2-Hydroxyethyl) ethylene imine

HEK 293:

Cell line (human embryonic kidney 293 cells)

HeLa:

Cell line (Henrietta Lacks, immortal cell line)

HepG2:

Cell line (human hepatocellular carcinoma)

HMBA:

N,N′-Hexamethylene bisacrylamide

HMW:

High molecular weight

HPAMAM:

Hyperbranched PAMAM

HPB:

Hyperbranched polymer

IC:

Inhibitory concentration

kDa:

Kilo Dalton

L:

Linear unit

LiAlH4 :

Lithium aluminum hydride

LMW:

Low molecular weight

MA:

Methyl acrylate

MAPK2:

Cell line (mitogen-activated kinase 2)

MDD-MB-231:

Cell line (breast cancer cells)

MEDA:

N-Methylethylenediamine

MeOH:

Methanol

Mn:

Number average molecular weight

MTT:

3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide

MW:

Molecular weight

MWD:

Molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn)

N/P ratio:

Ratio of nitrogen versus phosphate

N2a:

Cell line (Mouse neuroblastoma cells)

NIH/3T3:

Cell line (House embryonic fibroblast)

NMR:

Nuclear magnetic resonance

OH:

Hydroxyl groups

PAMAM:

Poly(amido amine)

Pd:

Palladium

PD:

Polydispersity

PEG:

Poly(ethylene glycol)

pEGFP-C1:

Plasmid (encodes a red-shifted variant of wild-type GFP)

PEG-PEI:

PEGylated poly(ethylene imine)

PEI:

Poly(ethylene imine)

PG:

Polyglycerol

pGL3-Luc:

Luciferase reporter vector

PG-PEHA:

Polyglycerol pentaethylenhexamine carbamate

PG-Q-n:

PG functionalized with quaternary amines

PG-T-n:

PG functionalized with tertiary amines

PHE:

Phenylalanine

PPI:

Poly(propyl imine)

RHB:

Reducible hyperbranched polymer

RNA:

Ribonucleic acid

ROP:

Ring opening polymerization

SCID:

Severe combined immunodeficiency

SEC:

Size exclusion chromatography

SIM MC 7721:

Cell line (human normal hep-atocyte cells)

siRNA:

Small interfering RNA

T:

Terminal unit

TEM:

Transmission electron microscopy

THF:

Tetrahydrofuran

TMPTA:

Trimethylol-propane triacrylate

XTT:

Cell proliferation kit

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany

    Wiebke Fischer, Marcelo Calderón & Rainer Haag

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  1. Wiebke Fischer
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  2. Marcelo Calderón
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  3. Rainer Haag
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Correspondence to Rainer Haag .

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  1. Cell Biology/RNAi, QIAGEN GmbH, Qiagen Str. 1, Hilden, 40724, Germany

    Wolfgang Bielke

  2. Cell Biology/RNAi, QIAGEN GmbH, Qiagen Str. 1, Hilden, 40724, Germany

    Christoph Erbacher

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Fischer, W., Calderón, M., Haag, R. (2010). Hyperbranched Polyamines for Transfection. In: Bielke, W., Erbacher, C. (eds) Nucleic Acid Transfection. Topics in Current Chemistry, vol 296. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/128_2010_64

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