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Electrorheological Fluid and Its Applications in Microfluidics

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Microfluidics

Part of the book series: Topics in Current Chemistry ((TOPCURRCHEM,volume 304))

Abstract

Microfluidics is a low-cost technique for fast-diagnosis and microsynthesis. Within a decade it might become the foundation of point-of-care and lab-on-a-chip applications. With microfluidic chips, high-throughput sample screening and information processing are made possible. The picoliter droplet runs in microfluidic chips are ideal miniaturized vessels for microdetection and microsynthesis. Meanwhile, individual manipulation of microdroplets remains a challenge: the shortcomings in automatic, reliable, and scalable methods for logic control prevent further integration of microfluidic applications. The giant electrorheological fluid (GERF), which is a kind of “smart” colloid, has tunable viscosity under the influence of external electric field. Therefore, GERF is introduced as the active controlling medium, with real-time response in on-chip fluid control. This review article introduces the working principles and fabrication methods of different types of electrorheological fluid, and extensively describes the strategies of GERF-assisted microfluidic controlling schemes.

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Abbreviations

AgPDMS:

Silver-PDMS composite

CPDMS:

Carbon-PDMS composite

CPU:

Central processing unit

CTP:

Calcium and titanium precipitate

DNA:

Deoxyribonucleic acid

ERF:

Electrorheological fluid

EWOD:

Electrowetting on dielectric

GERF:

Giant electrorheological fluid

LOC:

Lab-on-a-chip

MCM-41:

Mobil composition of matter no. 41

MWNT:

Multiwall-nanotube

PANI:

Polyaniline

PCR:

Polymerase chain reaction

PDMS:

Polydimethylsiloxane

PM:

Polar-molecule

PMMA:

Poly(methyl metharcylate)

POC:

Point of care

PPY:

Polypyrrole

PS:

Polystyrene

SBA-15:

Santa Barbara amorphous no.15

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Acknowledgements

This publication is based on work supported by Award No. SA-C0040/UK-C0016, made by King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) and Hong Kong RGC grants HKUST 603608.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics and KAUST-HKUST Micro/Nano-Fluidics Joint Laboratory, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong

    Limu Wang, Xiuqing Gong & Weijia Wen

Authors
  1. Limu Wang
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  2. Xiuqing Gong
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  3. Weijia Wen
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Weijia Wen .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, ZhongShan Road 457, Dalian, 116023, China, People's Republic

    Bingcheng Lin

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Wang, L., Gong, X., Wen, W. (2011). Electrorheological Fluid and Its Applications in Microfluidics. In: Lin, B. (eds) Microfluidics. Topics in Current Chemistry, vol 304. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/128_2011_148

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