Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis

  • Chapter
MR Imaging in White Matter Diseases of the Brain and Spinal Cord

Part of the book series: Medical Radiology Diagnostic Imaging ((Med Radiol Diagn Imaging))

  • 1686 Accesses

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 149.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Anlar B, Basaran C, Kose G et al (2003) Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in children: outcome and prognosis. Neuropediatrics 34:194–199

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Antel JP, Owens T (1999) Immune regulation and CNS autoimmune disease. J Neuroimmunol 100:181–189

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Atlas SW, Grossman RI, Goldberg HI et al (1986) MR diagnosis of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. J Comput Assist Tomogr 10:798–801

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Baum PA, Barkovich AJ, Koch TK et al (1994) Deep gray matter involvement in children with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 15:1275–1283

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Berger T, Rubner P, Schautzer F et al (2003) Antimyelin antibodies as a predictor of clinically definite multiple sclerosis after a first demyelinating event. N Engl J Med 349:139–145

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bizzi A, Ulug AM, Crawford TO et al (2001) Quantitative proton MR spectroscopic imaging in acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 22:1125–1130

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Comi G, Filippi M, Barkhof F et al (2001) Effect of early interferon treatment on conversion to definite multiple sclerosis: a randomised study. Lancet 357:1576–1582

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dale RC, de Sousa C, Chong WK et al (2000) Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, multiphasic disseminated encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis in children. Brain 123:2407–2422

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gupte G, Stonehouse M, Wassmer E et al (2003) Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: a review of 18 cases in childhood. J Paediatr Child Health 39:336–342

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hahn CD, Miles BS, MacGregor DL et al (2003) Neurocognitive outcome after acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. Pediatr Neurol 29:117–123

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Happe S, Husstedt IW (2000) Successful treatment of acute encephalomyelitis associated with common variable immunodeficiency syndrome (CVID): case report and review of the literature. J Neurol 247:562–565

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harada M, Hisaoka S, Mori K et al (2000) Differences in water diffusion and lactate production in two different types of postinfectious encephalopathy. J Magn Reson Imaging 11:559–563

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hardmeier M, Wagenpfeil S, Freitag P et al (2003) Atrophy is detectable within a 3-month period in untreated patients with active relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis. Arch Neurol 60:1736–1739

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hart MN, Earle KM (1975) Haemorrhagic and perivenous encephalitis: a clinical-pathological review of 38 cases. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 38:585–591

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Höllinger P, Sturzenegger M, Mathis J et al (2002) Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in adults: a reappraisal of clinical, CSF, EEG, and MRI findings. J Neurol 249:320–329

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Honkaniemi J, Dastidar P, Kahara V, Haapasalo H (2001) Delayed MR imaging changes in acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 22:1117–1124

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hurst AE (1941) Acute haemorhagic leucoencephalitis: a previously undefined entitiy. Med J Aust 1:1–6

    Google Scholar 

  • Hynson JL, Kornberg AJ, Coleman LT et al (2001) Clinical and neuroradiologic features of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in children. Neurology 56:1308–1312.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Idrissova Zh R, Boldyreva MN, Dekonenko EP et al (2003) Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in children: clinical features and HLA-DR linkage. Eur J Neurol 10:537–546

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Inglese M, Salvi F, Iannucci G et al (2002) Magnetization transfer and diffusion tensor MR imaging of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 23:267–272

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jacobs LD, Beck RW, Simon JH et al (2000) Intramuscular interferon beta-1a therapy initiated during a first demyelinating event in multiple sclerosis. CHAMPS Study Group. N Engl J Med 343:898–904

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jorens PG, VanderBorght A, Ceulemans B et al (2000) Encephalomyelitis-associated antimyelin autoreactivity induced by streptococcal exotoxins. Neurology 54:1433–1441

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kepes JJ (1993) Large focal tumor-like demyelinating lesions of the brain: intermediate entity between multiple sclerosis and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis? A study of 31 patients. Ann Neurol 33:18–27

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kesselring J, Miller DH, Robb SA et al (1990) Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. MRI findings and the distinction from multiple sclerosis. Brain 113:291–302

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lim KE, Hsu YY, Hsu WC et al (2003) Multiple complete ring-shaped enhanced MRI lesions in acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. Clin Imaging 27:281–284

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lucchinetti C, Bruck W, Parisi J et al (2000) Heterogeneity of multiple sclerosis lesions: implications for the pathogenesis of demyelination. Ann Neurol 47:707–717

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lukes SA, Norman D (1983) Computed tomography in acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. Ann Neurol 13:567–572

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martino G, Adorini L, Rieckmann P et al (2002) Inflammation in multiple sclerosis: the good, the bad, and the complex. Lancet Neurol 1:499–509

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Masdeu JC, Quinto C, Tenner M et al (2000) Open-ring imaging sign. Neurology 54:1427–1433

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McAlpine D (1931) Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. Lancet 1:846–852

    Google Scholar 

  • McDonald WI, Compston A, Edan G et al (2001) Recommended diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: guidelines from the International Panel on the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol 50:121–127

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miller HG (1953) Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis treated with A.C.T.H. Brit Med J:177–183

    Google Scholar 

  • Miller HG, Stanton JB, Gibbons JL (1956) Para-infectious encephalomyelitis and related symptoms. J Med 25:427–505

    Google Scholar 

  • Modi G, Mochan A, Modi M et al (2001) Demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system occurring in black South Africans. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 70:500–505

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Murthy JM, Yangala R, Meena AK et al (1999) Clinical, electrophysiological and magnetic resonance imaging study of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. J Assoc Physicians India 47:280–283

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Murthy SN, Faden HS, Cohen ME et al (2002) Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in children. Pediatrics 110:e21

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nadkarni N, Lisak RP (1993) Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) with bilateral optic neuritis and central white matter disease. Neurology 43:842–843

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nasr JT, Andriola MR, Coyle PK (2000) ADEM: literature review and case report of acute psychosis presentation. Pediatr Neurol 22:8–18

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nishikawa M, Ichiyama T, Hayashi T et al (1999) Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. Pediatr Neurol 21:583–586

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • O’Riordan JI, Gomez-Anson B, Moseley IF et al (1999) Long term MRI follow-up of patients with post infectious encephalomyelitis: evidence for a monophasic disease. J Neurol Sci 167:132–136

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pohl-Koppe A, Burchett SK, Thiele EA et al (1998) Myelin basic protein reactive Th2 T cells are found in acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. J Neuroimmunol 91:19–27

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Poser CM (1989) Magnetic resonance imaging in asymptomatic disseminated vasculomyelinopathy. J Neurol Sci 94:69–77

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Poser CM, Paty DW, Scheinberg L et al (1983) New diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: guidelines for research protocols. Ann Neurol 13:227–231

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reik L (1980) Disseminated vasculomyelinopathy: An immune complex disease. Ann Neurol 7:291–296

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Reis F, Kobayashi E, Maciel EP et al (1999) Ressonancia magnética e características clínicas em adultos com doencas desmielinizantes monofásicas. Encefalomielite aguda disseminada ou uma variante da esclerose múltipla? Arq Neuropsiquiatr 57:853–859

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rivers TM, Sprunt DH, Berry GP (1933) Observations on attempts to produce acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in monkeys. J Exp Med 58:39–53

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rust RS, Dodson W, Prensky A et al (1997) Classification and outcome of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. Ann Neurol 42:491

    Google Scholar 

  • Schwarz S, Knauth M, Schwab S et al (2000) Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis after parenteral therapy with herbal extracts: a report of two cases. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 69: 516–518

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schwarz S, Mohr A, Knauth M et al (2001) Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: a follow-up study of 40 adult patients. Neurology 56:1313–1318

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schwarz S, Zoubaa S, Knauth M et al (2002) Intravascular lymphomatosis presenting with a conus medullaris syndrome mimicking disseminated encephalomyelitis. Neuro-Oncology 4:187–191

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Simon JH (2000) The contribution of spinal cord MRI to the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Sci 172:S32–S35

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Singh S, Alexander M, Korah IP (1999) Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: MR imaging features. AJR 173:1101–1107

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Storch MK, Stefferl A, Brehm U et al (1998) Autoimmunity to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein in rats mimics the spectrum of multiple sclerosis pathology. Brain Pathol 8:681–694

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stratton KR, Howe CJ, Johnston RB (1994) Adverse events associated with childhood vaccines. Washington, National Academy Press

    Google Scholar 

  • Tachovsky TG, Lisak RP, Koprowski H (1976) Circulating immune complexes in multiple sclerosis and other neurological diseases. Lancet 2:997–999

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Takata T, Hirakawa M, Sakurai M et al (1999) Fulminant form of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: successful treatment with hypothermia. J Neurol Sci 165:94–97

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tenembaum S, Chamoles N, Fejerman N (2002) Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: a long-term follow-up study of 84 pediatric patients. Neurology 59:1224–1231

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wang PN, Fuh JL, Liu HC et al (1996) Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in middle-aged or elderly patients. Eur Neurol 36:219–223

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wildemann B, Jansen O, Haas J et al (2001) Rapid distinction of acute demyelinating disorders and central nervous system lymphoma by molecular analysis of cerebrospinal fluid cells. J Neurol 248:127–130

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, Klinikum Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor Kutzer Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany

    Stefan Schwarz (Assistant Professor)

  2. Department of Neuroradiology, Zentrum Radiologie, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany

    Michael Knauth (Professor)

Authors
  1. Stefan Schwarz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Michael Knauth
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Neuroimaging Research Unit Department of Neurology Scientific Institute, University Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy

    Massimo Filippi MD (Director) (Director)

  2. Department of Neurology & Behavioral Sciences, University of Siena, Viale Bracci 2, 53100, Siena, Italy

    Nicola De Stefano MD PhD (Associate Professor) (Associate Professor)

  3. Service de Neuroradiologie Diagnostique et Thérapeutique CHU Bordeaux Pellegrin and Laboratoire de Neurobiologie des Affections de la Myéline, Université Victor Segalen, Bourdeaux 2, 33076, Bordeaux, France

    Vincent Dousset MD, PhD (Professor) (Professor)

  4. Department of Electrical Engineering, United States Naval Academy, Maury Hall 227, Annapolis, MD, 21402-5025, USA

    Joseph C. McGowan PhD (Associate Professor of Electrical Engineering) (Associate Professor of Electrical Engineering)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2005 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Schwarz, S., Knauth, M. (2005). Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis. In: Filippi, M., De Stefano, N., Dousset, V., McGowan, J.C. (eds) MR Imaging in White Matter Diseases of the Brain and Spinal Cord. Medical Radiology Diagnostic Imaging. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-27644-0_17

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-27644-0_17

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-40230-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-27644-9

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation