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Comparative Studies of Actin- and Rho-Specific ADP-Ribosylating Toxins: Insight from Structural Biology

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The Actin Cytoskeleton and Bacterial Infection

Part of the book series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology ((CT MICROBIOLOGY,volume 399))

Abstract

Mono-ADP-ribosylation is a major post-translational modification performed by bacterial toxins, which transfer an ADP-ribose moiety to a substrate acceptor residue. Actin- and Rho-specific ADP-ribosylating toxins (ARTs) are typical ARTs known to have very similar tertiary structures but totally different targets. Actin-specific ARTs are the A components of binary toxins, ADP-ribosylate actin at Arg177, leading to the depolymerization of the actin cytoskeleton. On the other hand, C3-like exoenzymes are Rho-specific ARTs, ADP-ribosylate Rho GTPases at Asn41, exerting an indirect effect on the actin cytoskeleton. This review focuses on the differences and similarities of actin- and Rho-specific ARTs, especially with respect to their substrate recognition and cell entry mechanisms, based on structural studies.

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Acknowledgements

H.T. appreciates Masataka Oda, Jun Sakurai, and Masahiro Nagahama, who support our work on the structure of toxin-substrate protein complex.

This work was supported in part by a Strategic Research Foundation Grant-aided Project for Private Universities and Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research, KAKENHI Grant Number: 23121529, 25121733 and 15K08289 of Japan.

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  1. Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kamigamo-Motoyama, Kyoto, 603-8555, Japan

    Hideaki Tsuge, Toshiharu Tsurumura, Akiyuki Toda, Haruka Murata, Waraphan Toniti & Toru Yoshida

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  1. Hideaki Tsuge
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  2. Toshiharu Tsurumura
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Correspondence to Hideaki Tsuge .

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  1. Institut für Anatomie, Abteilung für Anatomie und Molekulare Embryologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany

    Hans Georg Mannherz

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Tsuge, H., Tsurumura, T., Toda, A., Murata, H., Toniti, W., Yoshida, T. (2016). Comparative Studies of Actin- and Rho-Specific ADP-Ribosylating Toxins: Insight from Structural Biology. In: Mannherz, H. (eds) The Actin Cytoskeleton and Bacterial Infection. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 399. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/82_2016_23

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