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I materiali

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La protesi di ginocchio di primo impianto

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È noto che l’evoluzione dei materiali utilizzati nelle artroprotesi si deve principalmente alle protesi d’anca. Per queste sono stati utilizzati vetro, resine acriliche, diversi materiali metallici e ceramici, polimeri e materiali compositi. Le prime protesi d’anca vennero realizzate in vetro durante gli anni ’20 a Boston con scarso successo per via della fragilitè del materiale. Nel 1936 venne creata l’ancora attualissima stellite, per molti anni nota con il nome commerciale di Vitallium (Howmet, Dover), e quasi contemporaneamente i fratelli Judet iniziarono l’impiego delle resine acriliche (1938) [1], presto abbandonate per via della scarsa resistenza meccanica. Verso la fine degli anni ’50 con la stellite vennero prodotte le prime protesi totali metallo-metallo (Mc Kee-Farrar, Howmedica, Rutherford) e quasi contemporaneamente (1961) Charnley introdusse il polietilene ad elevato peso molecolare (UHMWPE), dopo un fallimentare tentativo con il teflon [2].

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  1. Lima-Lto SpA, Villanova di San Daniele del Friuli, Udine

    P. Dalla Pria

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© 2005 Springer-Verlag Italia, Milano

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Dalla Pria, P. (2005). I materiali. In: La protesi di ginocchio di primo impianto. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/88-470-0379-2_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/88-470-0379-2_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Milano

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