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Visualization of Cell-Cell Interaction Contacts-Synapses and Kinapses

  • Chapter
Multichain Immune Recognition Receptor Signaling

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 640))

Abstract

T-cell activation requires interactions of T-cell antigen receptors (TCR) and peptides presented by major histocompatibility complex molecules (MHCp) in an adhesive junction between the T-cell and antigen-presenting cell (APC). Stable junctions with bull’s eye supramolecular activation clusters (SMACs) have been defined as immunological synapses. The term synapse works in this case because it joins roots for “same” and “fasten,” which could be translated as “fasten in the same place.” These structures maintain T-cell-APC interaction and allow directed secretion. We have proposed that SMACs are not really clusters, but are analogous to higher order membrane-cytoskeleton zones involved in amoeboid locomotion including a substrate testing lamellipodium, an adhesive lamella and anti-adhesive uropod. Since T-cells can also integrate signaling during locomotion over antigen presenting cells, it is important to consider adhesive junctions maintained as cells move past each other. This combination of movement (kine-) and fastening (-apse) can be described as a kinapse or moving junction. Synapses and kinapses operate in different stages of T-cell priming. Optimal effector functions may also depend upon cyclical use of synapses and kinapses. Visualization of these structures in vitro and in vivo presents many distinct challenges that will be discussed in this chapter.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Program in Molecular Pcithogenesis, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine and Department of Pcithology, New York University School of Medicine, 540 1 st Ave,, New York, NY, 10016, USA

    Michael L. Dustin

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  1. Michael L. Dustin
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  1. Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA

    Alexander B. Sigalov PhD

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© 2008 Landes Bioscience and Springer Science+Business Media

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Dustin, M.L. (2008). Visualization of Cell-Cell Interaction Contacts-Synapses and Kinapses. In: Sigalov, A.B. (eds) Multichain Immune Recognition Receptor Signaling. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 640. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09789-3_13

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