Skip to main content

The Emergence of Maize Farming in Northwest Mexico

  • Chapter
Case Studies in Environmental Archaeology

Part of the book series: Interdisciplinary Contributions to Archaeology ((IDCA))

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 44.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 59.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Adams, J., 2002, Ground Stone Analysis, A Technological Approach, University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City.

    Google Scholar 

  • Adams, K. R., 1994, A Regional Synthesis of Zea mays in the Prehistoric American Southwest, in: Corn and Culture in the Prehistoric New World (S. Johannessen and C. A. Hastorf, eds.), Westview Press, Boulder, pp. 273–302.

    Google Scholar 

  • Adams, K. R., 2004, Anthropogenic Ecology of the North American Southwest, in: People and Plants in Ancient Western North America (P. E. Minnis, ed.), Smithsonian Books, Washington, DC, pp. 167–204.

    Google Scholar 

  • Adams, K. R, and Bohrer, V. L., 1998, Archaeobotanical Indicators of Seasonality: Examples from Arid Southwestern United States, in: Seasonality and Sedentism, Archaeological Perspectives from Old and New World Sites (T. R. Rocek and O. Bar-Yosef, eds.), Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology Bulletin 6, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, pp. 129–141.

    Google Scholar 

  • Adams, K. R, and Hanselka, J. K., 2005, Plant Use in the Late Archaic Period, in: Early Farming and Warfare in Northwest Mexico (R. J. Hard and J. R. Roney, eds.), University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City, manuscript in preparation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barlow, K. R., 2002, Predicting Maize Agriculture Among the Fremont: An Economic Comparison of Farming and Foraging in the American Southwest, American Antiquity 67(1):65–88.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Benz, B. F., 2006, Maize in the Americas, in: Histories of Maize: Multidisciplinary Approaches to the Prehistory, Linguistics, Biogeography, Domestication, and Evolution of Maize (J. Staller, R. Tykot and B. Benz, eds.), Academic Press, Burlington, Massachusetts, pp. 9–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Benz, B. F, and Long, A., 2000, Prehistoric Maize Evolution in the Tehuacan Valley, Current Anthropology 41(3):459–465.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Benz, B. F, and Staller, J. E., 2006, The Antiquity, Biogeography, and Culture History of Maize in the Americas, in: Histories of Maize: Multidisciplinary Approaches to the Prehistory, Linguistics, Biogeography, Domestication, and Evolution of Maize (J. Staller, R. Tykot, and B. Benz, eds.), Academic Press, Burlington, Massachusetts, pp. 665–673.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bohrer, V. L., 1962, Nature and Interpretation of Ethnobotanical Materials from Tonto National Monument, in: Archaeological Studies of Tonto National Monument, Arizona (C. R. Steen, L. M. Pierson, V. L. Bohrer, and K. P. Kent, eds.), Southwestern Monuments Association Technical Series Volume 2, Globe, Arizona, p.p. 75–114.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bohrer, V. L., 1991, Recently Recognized Cultivated and Encouraged Plants Among the Hohokam, Kiva 56:227–235.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bohrer, V. L, and Adams, K. R., 1977, Ethnobotanical Techniques and Approaches at Salmon Ruin, New Mexico, Eastern New Mexico University Contributions in Anthropology 8(1):1–220.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bowers, J. E, and McLaughlin, S. P., 1982, Plant Species Diversity in Arizona, Madroño 29:227–233

    Google Scholar 

  • Carpenter, J. P, Sanchez, G, and Villalpando C. M. E., 2003, Sonora Precerámica: del Arcaico y del Surgimiento de Aldeas Agrícolas, Arqueología 29:5–29.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carpenter, J. P, Sanchez, G, and Villalpando C. M. E., 2005, The Late Archaic/Early Agricultural Period in Sonora, Mexico, in: The Late Archaic Across the Borderlands: From Foraging to Farming (B. J. Vierra, ed.), University of Texas Press, Austin, pp. 13–40.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, M. N., 1987, The Significance of Long-Term Changes in Human Diet and Food Economy, in: Food and Evolution: Toward a Theory of Human Food Habits (M. Harris and E. B. Ross, eds), Temple University Press, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, pp. 261–283.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cole, J., 1979, Amaranth: From the Past for the Future, Rodale Press, Emmaus, Pennsylvania.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coltrain, J. B, Janetski, J. C, and Carlyle, S. W., 2006, The Stable and Radio-Isotope Chemistry of Eastern Basketmaker and Pueblo Groups in the Four Corners Region of the American Southwest: Implications for Anasazi Diets, Origins, and Abandonments in Southwestern Colorado, in: Histories of Maize: Multidisciplinary Approaches to the Prehistory, Linguistics, Biogeography, Domestication, and Evolution of Maize (J. Staller, R. Tykot and B. Benz, eds.), Academic Press, Burlington, Massachusetts, pp. 275–287.

    Google Scholar 

  • Diehl, M. W., 1997, Rational Behavior, the Adoption of Agriculture, and the Organization of Subsistence During the Late Archaic Period in the Greater Tucson Basin, in: Rediscovering Darwin (C. M. Barton and G. A. Clark, eds.), Archaeological Papers of the American Anthropological Association 7:251–265.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ely, L. L., 1997, Response of Extreme Floods in the Southwestern United States to Climatic Variations in the Late Holocene, Geomorphology 19:175–202.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fritz, G. J., 2005, Amaranth and Chenopod Seeds from Early Agricultural Cerros de Trincheras Sites, in: Early Farming and Warfare in Northwest Mexico (R. J. Hard and J. R. Roney, eds.), University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City, manuscript in preparation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gasser, R. E, and Kwiatkowski, S. M., 1991, Food for Thought: Recognizing Patterns in Hohokam Subsistence, in: Exploring the Hohokam: Prehistoric Desert Peoples of the American Southwest (G. J. Gumerman, ed.), University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque, pp. 417–459.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gregory, D. A., 1999, Data Integration and Synthesis, in: Excavations in the Santa Cruz River Floodplain: The Middle Archaic Component at Los Pozos (D. A. Gregory, ed.), Anthropological Papers 20, Center for Desert Archaeology, Tucson, Arizona, pp. 85–123.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gregory, D. A, and Diehl, M. W., 2002, Duration, Continuity, and Intensity of Occupation at a Late Cienega Phase Settlement in the Santa Cruz River Floodplain, in: Traditions, Transitions, and Technologies: Themes in Southwestern Archaeology, Proceedings of the 2000 Southwest Symposium (S. H. Schlanger, ed.), University Press of Colorado, Boulder, pp. 200–223.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hames, R., 1992, Time Allocation, in: Evolutionary Ecology and Human Behavior (E. Alden Smith and B Winterhalder, eds.), Aldine de Gruyter, New York, pp. 203–235.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hard, R. J, Mauldin, R. P, and Raymond, G. R., 1996, Mano Size, Stable Carbon Isotope Ratios, and Macrobotanical Remains as Multiple Lines of Evidence of Maize Dependence in the American Southwest, Journal Archaeological Method and Theory 3:253–318.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hard, R. J, MacWilliams, A. C, Roney, J. R, Adams, K. R, and Merrill, W. L., 2006, Early Agriculture in Chihuahua, Mexico, in: Histories of Maize: Multidisciplinary Approaches to the Prehistory, Linguistics, Biogeography, Domestication, and Evolution of Maize (J. Staller, R. Tykot and B. Benz, eds.), Academic Press, Burlington, Massachusetts, pp. 471–485.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hard, R. J, and Roney, J. R., 1998, A Massive Terraced Village Complex in Chihuahua, Mexico, 3000 Years Before Present, Science 279 (5357):1661–1664.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hard, R. J, and Roney, J. R., 2004, Late Archaic Period Hilltop Settlements in Northwestern Chihuahua, Mexico, in: Identity, Feasting, and the Archaeology of the Greater Southwest (B. Mills, ed.), University of Colorado Press, Boulder, pp. 276–294.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hard, R. J, and Roney, J. R. (eds.), 2005a, Early Farming and Warfare in Northwest Mexico, University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City, manuscript in preparation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hard, R. J, and Roney, J. R., 2005b, The Transition to Farming on the Rio Casas Grandes and in the Southern Jornada Mogollon Region in the North American Southwest, in: Current Research on the Late Archaic Across the Borderlands: From Foraging to Farming (B. Vierra, ed.), University of Texas Press, Austin, pp. 141–186.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hard, R. J, and Roney, J. R., 2007, Cerros de Trincheras in Northwestern Chihuahua: The Arguments for Defense, in: Enduring Borderlands Traditions: Trincheras Sites in Time, Space and Society (S. K. Fish, P. R. Fish, and E. Villalpando, eds.), University of Arizona Press, Tucson, in press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hard, R. J, Zapata, J. E, Moses, B. K, and Roney, J. R., 1999, Terrace Construction in Northern Chihuahua, Mexico: 1150 B.C. and Modern Experiments, Journal of Field Archaeology 26(2):129–146.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Haury, E. W., 1962, The Greater American Southwest, in: Courses Toward Urban Life (R. J. Braidwood and G. R. Willey, eds.), Viking Fund Publications in Anthropology 32, Wenner- Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research, New York, pp. 106–131.

    Google Scholar 

  • Horsfall, G. A., 1987, A Design Theory Perspective on Variability in Grinding Stones, in: Lithic Studies Among the Contemporary Highland Maya (B. Hayden, ed.), University of Arizona Press, Tucson, pp. 333–375.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huber, E. K., 2005, Early Maize at the Old Corn Site (LA 137258), in: Fence Lake Project: Archaeological Data Recovery in the New Mexico Transportation Corridor and First Five-Year Permit Area, Fence Lake Coal Mine Project, Catron County, New Mexico, Synthetic Studies and Summary (E. K. Huber and C. R. Van West, eds.), Technical Series 84, Volume 4, Statistical Research, Tucson, Arizona, pp. 36.1–36.33.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huckell, B. B., 1995, Of Marshes and Maize, Preceramic Agricultural Settlements in the Cienega Valley, Southeastern Arizona, Anthropological Papers 59, University of Arizona Press, Tucson.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huckell, B. B., 1996, The Archaic Prehistory of the North American Southwest, Journal of World Prehistory 10(3):305–373.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huckell, B. B, Huckell, L. W, and Shackley, M. S., 1999, McEuen Cave, Archaeology Southwest 13(1):12.

    Google Scholar 

  • LeBlanc, S. A., 1999, Prehistoric Warfare in the American Southwest, The University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City.

    Google Scholar 

  • Long, A, Benz, B. F, Donahue, D. J, Jull, A. J. T, and Toolin, L. J., 1989, First Direct AMS Dates on Early Maize from Tehuacán, Mexico, Radiocarbon 3:1035–1040.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mabry, J. B., 1998, Conclusions, in: Archaeological Investigations of Early Village Sites in the Middle Santa Cruz Valley: Analysis and Synthesis, Part II (J. B. Mabry, ed.), Anthropological Papers 19, Center for Desert Archaeology, Tucson, Arizona, pp. 757–791.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mabry, J. B., 2002, The Role of Irrigation in the Transition to Agriculture and Sedentism in the Southwest: A Risk Management Model, in: Traditions, Transitions, and Technologies: Themes in Southwestern Archaeology, Proceedings of the 2000 Southwest Symposium (S. H. Schlanger, ed.), University of Colorado Press, Boulder, pp. 178–199.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mabry, J. B, Swartz, D. L, Wöcherl, H, Clark, J. J, Archer, G. H, and Lindeman, M. W., 1997, Archaeological Investigations of Early Village Sites in the Middle Santa Cruz Valley: Description of the Santa Cruz Bend, Square Hearth, Stone Pipe, and Canal Sites. Anthropological Papers 18, Center for Desert Archaeology, Tucson, Arizona.

    Google Scholar 

  • MacWilliams, A. C, Hard, R. J, Roney, J. R, Adams, K. A, Merrill, W. L., 2008, The Setting of Early Agriculture in Southern Chihuahua, Mexico, in: Archaeology Without Borders: Contact, Commerce and Change in the U.S. Southwest and Northwestern Mexico (L. Webster and M. McBrinn, eds.). University Press of Colorado, Boulder, in press

    Google Scholar 

  • Mangelsdorf, P. C., 1986, The Origin of Corn, Scientific American 255(2):80–86.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martin, A. C, and Barkley, W. D., 1961, Seed Identification Manual, University of California Press, Berkeley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Matson, R. G., 1991, The Origins of Southwestern Agriculture, University of Arizona Press, Tucson.

    Google Scholar 

  • Matson, R. G, and Chisholm, B., 1991, Basketmaker II Subsistence: Carbon Isotopes and Other Dietary Indicators from Cedar Mesa, Utah, American Antiquity 56(3):444–459.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Matsuoka, Y, Vigouroux, Y, Goodman, M. M, Sanchez G. J, Buckler, E, and Doebley, J., 2002, A Single Domestication for Maize Shown by Multilocus Microsatellite Genotyping, Proceedings of the National Academy of Science 99(9):6080–6084.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McClung de Tapia, E, González Vázquez, J, Zurita Noguera, J, and Morales, E. I., 1996, La Domesticación Prehispánica de Amaranthus spp. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Antropológicas, Cuadernos de Trabajo IIa, Mexico, DF.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miksicek, C. H., 1987, Late Sedentary-Early Classic Period Hohokam Agriculture: Plant Remains from the Marana Community Complex, in: Studies in the Hohokam Community of Marana (G. E. Rice, ed.), Office of Cultural Resource Management, Department of Anthropology, Arizona State University, Tempe, pp. 197–216.

    Google Scholar 

  • Minnis, P. E., 1992, Earliest Plant Cultivation in the Desert Borderlands of North America: An International Perspective, in: The Origins of Agriculture (C. W. Cowan and P. J. Watson, eds.), Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC, pp. 121–141.

    Google Scholar 

  • Montero, C, Carpenter, J, Barnes, E, Rohn, A, and Watson, J., 2004, Early Agricultural Period Burials at La Playa (SON F. 10:03), Sonora, Mexico: Further Preliminary Results, paper presented at the 69th Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology, Montreal.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morris, D. H., 1990, Changes in Groundstone Following the Introduction of Maize in the American Southwest, Journal of Anthropological Research 46:177–194.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nabhan, G. P., 1979, Grain Amaranth and Other Rare Crops of Northern Mexico, Dry Country News 3:20–22.

    Google Scholar 

  • National Research Council, 1985, Amaranth: Modern Prospects for an Ancient Crop. Report of an Ad Hoc Panel of the Advisory Committee on Technology Innovation Board on Science and Technology for International Development, Office of International Affairs, Rodale Press, Emmaus, Pennsylvania.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nordt, L., 2003, Late Quaternary Fluvial Landscape Evolution in Desert Grasslands of Northern Chihuahua, Mexico, Geological Society of America Bulletin 115:596–606. ]

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ortega-Ramírez, J. R, Valiente-Banuet, A, U.rrutia-Fucugauchi, J, M.ortera-Gutiérrez, C. A, and Alvarado-Valdez, G., 1998, Paleoclimatic Changes during the Late Pleistocene-Holocene in the Laguna Babícora, near the Chihuahuan Desert, México, Canadian Journal of Earth Science 35:1168–1179.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Piperno, D. R, and Flannery, K. V., 2001, The Earliest Archaeological Maize (Zea mays L.) from Highland Mexico: New Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Dates and Their Implications, Proceedings of the National Academy of Science 98(4):2101–2103.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roney, J. R, and Hard, R. J., 2002, Early Agriculture in Northwestern Chihuahua, in: Traditions, Transitions, and Technologies: Themes in Southwestern Archaeology, Proceedings of the 2000 Southwest Symposium (S. Schlanger, ed.), University of Colorado Press, Boulder, pp. 163–180.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roney, J. R, and Hard, R. J., 2004, A Review of Cerros de Trincheras in Northwestern Chihuahua, in: Surveying the Archaeology of Northwest Mexico (G. E. Newell and E. Gallaga, eds.), University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City, pp. 127–148.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roosevelt, A. C., 1984, Population, Health, and the Evolution of Subsistence: Conclusions from the Conference, in: Paleopathology at the Origins of Agriculture (M. N. Cohen and G. J. Armelagos, eds.), Academic Press, Orlando, pp. 572–574.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sauer, J. D., 1950, The Grain Amaranths: A Survey of Their History and Classification, Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 37:561–632.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sauer, J. D., 1967, The Grain Amaranths and their Relatives: A Revised Taxonomic and Geographic Survey, Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 54(2):103–137.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sauer, J. D., 1969, Identity of Archaeological Grain Amaranths from the Valley of Tehuacan, Puebla, Mexico, American Antiquity 34:80–81.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sauer, J. D., 1993, Historical Geography of Crop Plants: A Select Roster, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt, K. M., 2005, Faunal Remains, in: Early Farming and Warfare in Northwest Mexico (R. J. Hard and J. R. Roney, eds.), University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City, manuscript in preparation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schurr, M. R, and Gregory, D. A., 2002, Fluoride Dating of Faunal Materials by Ion-Selective Electrode: High Resolution Relative Dating at an Early Agricultural Period Site in the Tucson Basin, American Antiquity 67(2):281–299.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shackley, S., 2005, Chronometry and Geochemistry at McEuen Cave: The Radiocarbon and Obsidian Geochemical Data, paper presented at the 70th Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology, Salt Lake City, Utah.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sliva, R. J. (ed.), 2005, Material Culture and Lifeways of Early Agricultural Communities in Southern Arizona, Center for Desert Archaeology, Anthropological Papers 35, Tucson, Arizona.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, B. D., 1997, Reconsidering the Ocampo Caves and the Era of Incipient Cultivation in Mesoamerica, Latin American Antiquity 8:342–383.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, B. D., 2001a, Documenting Plant Domestication: The Consilience of Biological and Archaeological Approaches, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 98(4):1324–1326.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, B. D., 2001b, Low-level Food Production, Journal of Archaeological Research 9(1):1–43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, B. D., 2005, Reassessing Coxcatlan Cave and the Early History of Domesticated Plants in Mexico, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 102(27):9438–9445.

    Google Scholar 

  • Swanson, S. J., 2003, Documenting Prehistoric Communication Networks: A Case Study in the Paquime’ Polity, American Antiquity 68:753–769.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wills, C. H., 1985, Early Prehistoric Agriculture in the American Southwest, School of American Research Press, Santa Fe, New Mexico.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2008 Springer Science + Business Media LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Hard, R.J., Adams, K.R., Roney, J.R., Schmidt, K.M., Fritz, G.J. (2008). The Emergence of Maize Farming in Northwest Mexico. In: Reitz, E.J., Scudder, S.J., Scarry, C.M. (eds) Case Studies in Environmental Archaeology. Interdisciplinary Contributions to Archaeology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-71303-8_16

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics