Pediatric Abdominal Masses

Abdominal masses of infants and children may be caused by congenital anomalies, tumors, trauma, infection/abscess, or organ enlargement. Patient’s age significantly influences the differential diagnosis. An ultrasound examination should be performed early during the workup; it can quickly and accurately identify the location of the mass, the organ with which it is associated, and whether it is cystic or solid. Additional imaging studies such as CT scan, barium enema, or voiding cystourethrogram may be required to confirm the diagnosis.