Poland is a country in Central Europe, bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech and Slovak Republics to the south; Belarus and Ukraine to the east; and Lithuania, Russia, and the Baltic Sea to the north. It is one of the largest countries in Europe covering 312,685 km2. For administration Poland is divided into 16 regions (voivodships), 379 districts (powiaty), and 2,478 local government communes (gminy). Poland is a member of the Council of Europe (since 1991) and European Union (since 2004).
The period of political transformation to multiparty democracy and a market economy started in 1989. Successful economic reforms have come alongside, with sustained GDP growth rate at over 6%. The unemployment rate decreased in the last years from 19.6% in 2003 to 13.8% in 2006. A serious problem is the youth unemployment rate, which is 29.6% for ages 20–24.
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Woynarowska, B., & Sokolowska, M. (2006). A national network for developing and evaluating health-promoting schools in Poland. In V. Barnekow, G. Buijs, S. Clift, B.B. Jensen, P. Paulus, D. Rivett, & I. Young (Eds.), Health-promoting schools: A resource for developing indicators. Copenhagen, Denmark: International Planning Committee.
Woynarowska B., Sokolowska M., Lutze I., & Woynarowska-Soldan M. (2007). Narzedzia do autoewaluacji w szkole promującej zdrowie. Edukacja Zdrowotna i Promocja Zdrowia w Szkole, 11, 49–159 (in Polish).
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Woynarowska, B., Sokolowska, M. (2009). Poland. In: Aldinger, C.E., Vince Whitman, C. (eds) Case Studies in Global School Health Promotion. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-92269-0_16
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