Abstract
AIDS and related conditions have been causally associated with a newly recognised exogenous retrovirus. This virus has been termed lymphadenopathy virus (LAV: Barré-Sinoussi et al., 1983), human T lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III: Popovic et al., 1984) and AIDS-associated retrovirus (ARV: Levy et al., 1984). To avoid unnecessary repetition, the abbreviation HTLV-III will be used. Retroviruses contain RNA and use a viral enzyme called reverse transcriptase (RNA-dependent DNA polymerase) to make a DNA copy of their RNA genome. The three main genes of the viruses (gag-, pol- and env-) are flanked by long terminal repeats (LTR) which are responsible for integrating the DNA copy (provirus) into the DNA of host cells. The basic genomic structure of this type of retrovirus is shown in Figure 3.1.
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Background Reading
Weiss, R., Teich, N. and Coffin, J. (1984). R.N.A. Tumour Viruses. Cold Spring Harbour Laboratory
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Jeffries, D. (1986). Virology. In: Miller, D., Weber, J., Green, J. (eds) The Management of AIDS Patients. Palgrave, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-18079-0_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-18079-0_3
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