Abstract
The assignment to negotiate the indemnity loans (which the foreign banks issued to enable China to pay Japan after the Sino-Japanese War) placed Addis at the heart of the international competition for empire. As he observed the competition among the Powers to gain control of China and the way which this competition affected China and world politics, Addis became convinced that only international cooperation could prevent war. He recognised that British interests could best be served by preserving China as a single market.
‘You grow to be the Bagehot of the Far East.’ — M. Stewart to Addis, 1902
‘The ultimate basis of all economic conceptions is ethical.’ — Addis, 1903
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Notes
Addis to Mills, 20 July 1895, Addis papers. See also David McLean, ‘The Foreign Office and the First Chinese Indemnity Loan, 1895’, Historical Journal, XVI, (1973) pp. 303–21.
Emily S. Rosenberg, ‘Foundations of United States International Financial Power: Gold Standard Diplomacy, 1900–1905’, Business History Review, vol. 59 (1985) pp. 169–202.
Madeleine Chi, ‘Shanghai-Hangchow-Ningpo Railway Loan: A Case Study of the Rights Recovery Movement’, Modern Asian Studies, 1 (1973) p. 86.
William R. Braisted, ‘The United States and the American China Development Company’, Far Eastern Quarterly, II (1952) pp. 142–65.
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© 1988 Roberta A. Dayer
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Dayer, R.A. (1988). Widening Horizons, 1895–1904. In: Finance and Empire. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-19592-3_2
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