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Convicts of the Queen

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Exiles from Erin

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Abstract

On 26 September 1791 the Queen transport anchored in Sydney Cove. The first convict ship to sail directly from Ireland to Australia, she was one of eleven vessels which comprised the Third Fleet. Ten other ships carrying English and Welsh convicts had sailed from Plymouth and Portsmouth in February and March 1791.1

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Notes

  1. R.J. Ryan, The Third Fleet Convicts (Sydney: Horwitz Grahame, 1983) pp. xi–xiii.

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  2. M. Gillen, The Founders of Australia: a Biographical Dictionary of the First Fleet (Sydney: Library of Australian History, 1989) p. 421.

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  3. Navy Commissioners to Thomas Steele, 22 December 1790, PRO HO 35/10; PRO CO 210/6, T1/703 and research by Marie Jones, ABGR Newsletter, January 1989, re numbers of soldiers on board; E. Nepean to T. Steele, 5 January 1791, PRO T1/677; PRO WO 25/642 (this 1808 document gives enlistment details, age, birthplace and ship of arrival of NSW Corps soldiers still in the colony).

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  4. Cork Evening Post, 7 March 1791; Hibernian Journal, 18 March 1791.

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  5. Con Costello, Botany Bay: The story of the convicts transported from Ireland to Australia, 1791–1853 (Cork: Mercier Press, 1987) p. 15. See also, ADB, vol. I, p. 526.

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  6. This has been stated most recently by Costello, Botany Bay, p. 17, probably based on T. J. Kiernan, Transportation From Ireland to Sydney: 1791–1816 (Canberra: the author, 1954) p. 35. Unfortunately, neither author provides a source.

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  7. Indents and other documents relating to the Queen convicts are at AONSW, SZ115 and 2/8274, pp. 257–346.

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  8. Ibid.

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  9. Hibernian Journal, 12 April 1790; C. Baxter (ed.), Musters of New South Wales and Norfolk Island 1805–1806 (Sydney: ABGR, 1989); C. Baxter, ed., General Muster and Land and Stock Muster of New South Wales, 1822 (Sydney: ABGR, 1988).

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  10. C. St. George to Under-Secretary, 13 April 1790, PROI CC&P.

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  11. Kiernan, Transportation from Ireland, p. 36.

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  12. Hibernian Journal, 4 August 1788.

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  13. Hibernian Journal, 30 October 1790.

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  14. Freeman’s Journal, 29–31 July 1790.

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  15. Freeman’s Journal, 27–30 March 1790.

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  16. Hibernian Journal, 12 April 1790.

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  17. W. Oldham, Britain’s Convicts to the Colonies (Sydney: Library of Australian History, 1990) p. 166.

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  18. Capt J. Parker to T. Stephens, July 1792, PRO HO 28/8.

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  19. D. Collins, An Account of the English Colony in New South Wales ..., B. Fletcher (ed.) (Sydney: A.H. and A. W. Reed, 1975) p. 154 (first publ. 1798).

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  22. Minutes of the complaints made by the convicts of the Queen, PRO HO 28/8, pp. 240–241.

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  23. Ibid., p. 240.

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  24. HRA, vol. I, pp. 283–88. Subsequent quotations from this source.

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  25. Hibernian Journal, 14 July 1790.

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  26. Hibernian Journal, 16 June 1786.

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  28. Dundas to Phillip, 15 May 1792, ibid., p. 353.

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  29. Phillip to Grenville, 8 November 1791, ibid., p. 294.

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  30. Ibid.

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  31. Collins, An Account, p. 154. See also, Phillip to William Nepean, 18 November 1791, HRA vol. I, p. 308.

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  33. Ibid., p. 244.

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  34. Cork Evening Post, 30 August 1790.

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  42. Norfolk Island Victualling Books 1792–1796, ML; Wright, The Forgotten Generation; unpublished research on the Second Fleet by M. Flynn. See also, C. J. Smee and J. Selkirk Provis, The Bicentenary Pioneer Register, 2nd edn., vol. 3 (Sydney: the authors, 1987).

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  44. Hibernian Journal, 1 November 1790; unpublished research by K. Johnson.

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Authors
  1. Keith Johnson
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  2. Michael Flynn
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Murdoch University, Western Australia

    Bob Reece (Senior Lecturer in History) (Senior Lecturer in History)

Copyright information

© 1991 Bob Reece

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Johnson, K., Flynn, M. (1991). Convicts of the Queen. In: Reece, B. (eds) Exiles from Erin. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21557-7_2

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