Abstract
In The Dialogic Imagination, Mikhail Bakhtin notes that through much of Western history there has been a kind of linguistic dialectic between centripetal and centrifugal forces: the former tending toward a unitary “Cartesian,” “official” language; the latter toward diffused regional dialects and vernaculars.1 Underlying this linguistic struggle were imperialistic political movements—beginning with the Romans and continuing with the establishment of the modern nation-states—and regional resistances to them.
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Notes
M. M. Bakhtin, The Dialogic Imagination, ed. Michael Holquist (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1981), p. 271.VuiVui Further references follow in the text.
Walter J. Ong, The Presence of the Word (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1967), pp. 250–51. Further references follow in the text.
Walter J. Ong, Orality and Literacy (London: Routledge, 1988) p. 11. Further references follow in the text.
Peter Dronke, Women Writers of the Middle Ages (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984), p. viii. Further references follow in the text.
Erich Auerbach, Literary Language and Its Public in Late Latin Antiquity and in the Middle Ages (NewYork: Bollingen, 1965), p. 60.
As cited in Barbara Newman, Sister of Wisdom (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1987), p. 7. Further references follow in the text.
Jane Anger, “Her Protection for Women,” in by a woman writt, ed. Joan Goulianos (Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1973), p. 24.
Richard A. Carr, Introduction to Histoires tragiques by Pierre Boaistuau (Paris: Champion, 1977), p. xxxviii. My translation. Further references follow in the text.
Josephine Donovan, “Ecofeminist Literary Criticism: Reading the Orange,” Hypatia 11, no. 2 (1996): 161–84; also see discussion in chapters one and eleven.
John J. Richetti, Popular Fiction before Richardson, rev. ed. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992), pp. 126–27, states that this largely feminine reading public “required the plain style ... because ornate style, intricate plot, and psychological complication were beyond its comprehension and appreciation.”
Percy G. Adams, Travel Literature and the Evolution of the Novel (Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 1983), p. 247. Further references follow in the text.
Morris Croll, Style, Rhetoric, and Rhythm, ed. J. Max Patrick and Robert O. Evans (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1966), p. 224.VuiVui
Ellen Moers, Literary Women (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1977), p. 97. Further references follow in the text.
Ian Watt, The Rise of the Novel (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1957), p. 194.
Erich Auerbach, Mimesis (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1953), pp. 95, 161, 189–92, 272, 274, 410–11. A further reference follows in the text.
Torquato Tasso, “Discourse on the Heroic Poem,” in Literary Criticism from Plato to Dryden, ed. Allan H. Gilbert (Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1962), p. 465.
Virginia Woolf, Women & Fiction: The Manuscript Versions of “A Room of One’s Own,” ed. S. P. Rosenbaum (Oxford: Blackwell, 1992), p. 182VuiVui. Other than using an ampersand for “and,” Woolf transcribes the passage accurately. It is found in Pride and Prejudice, in The Novels of Jane Austen, ed. R. W. Chapman, 3d ed., 5 vols. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1923), 2:169.
Mary Field Belenky et al., Women’s Ways of Knowing (New York: Basic, 1986), pp. 24–28.
Earl Jeffrey Richards, Introduction to The Book of the City of Ladies by Christine de Pizan (New York: Persea, 1982), pp. xxi, xli.
Michel LeGuern, Preface to Contes amoureux par Madame Jeanne Flore, ed. Gabriel-A. Perouse et al. (Lyon: Presses Universitaires de Lyon, 1980), pp. 84–86.VuiVui Further references to this edition follow in the text. My translation.
Katherine S. Gittes, Framing the Canterbury Tales (Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1991), p. 29.
Mary Hyatt, The Way Women Write (New York: Teachers College Press, 1977), p. 67.
[Delarivier Manley], “To the Reader,” The Secret History of Queen Zarah, and the Zarazians, in The Novels of Mary Delariviere Manley, ed. Patricia Koster, 2 vols. (Gainesville, Fla.: Scholars’ Facsimiles & Reprints, 1971), l:A3r. Further references follow in the text.
Mary Davys, The Reform’d Coquet (1724; facsimile reprint, New York: Garland, 1973), p. 2.
Christine Mason Sutherland, “Mary Astell: Reclaimining Rhetorica in the Seventeenth Century,” in Reclaiming Rhetorica, ed. Andrea A. Lunsford (Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1995), p. 93.
Further references follow in the text. Jacqueline Broad, Women Philosophers of the Seventeenth Century (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002), pp. 98–113, however, notes Astell’s critical attitude toward Cartesian dualism, paralleling the views of other women philosophers of the day (see chapter eleven below).
Rachel Blau DuPlessis, “For the Etruscans,” in The New Feminist Criticism, ed. Elaine Showalter (New York: Pantheon, 1981), p. 278.
Ann Banfield, Unspeakable Sentences (Boston: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1982), pp. 228–29. Further references follow in the text.
Terry Eagleton, The Rape of Clarissa (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1982), p. 36.
Richard Ohmann, “Prolegomena to an Analysis of Prose Style,” in Style in Prose Fiction (New York: Columbia University Press, 1959), p. 14.
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© 1999 Josephine Donovan
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Donovan, J. (1999). Women and the Latin Rhetorical Tradition. In: Women and the Rise of the Novel, 1405–1726. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-67512-8_9
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