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Ulysses at Solar Maximum

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The Sun and the Heliosphere as an Integrated System

Part of the book series: Astrophysics and Space Science Library ((ASSL,volume 317))

Abstract

One of the key space missions to contribute to our knowledge of the Sun and heliosphere as an integrated system is undoubtedly the joint ESA-NASA mission Ulysses. The spacecraft’s unique orbit, almost perpendicular to the ecliptic plane, and the broad range of measurements being made, make it ideal for studying the global heliosphere in four dimensions: space and time. With high-latitude passes at solar minimum and solar maximum, this mission profile has enabled a picture of the heliosphere between 1 and 5 AU to be built up that covers the full range of heliographic latitudes, and a wide range of solar activity conditions. In this review, we focus on the results obtained from the second set of high-latitude passes that occurred during the maximum phase of solar cycle 23. Among the major findings were the relatively simple dipolar nature of the heliospheric magnetic field, even at solar maximum; the compelling evidence for efficient transport of solar energetic particles and cosmic rays in latitude and longitude, leading to low-energy particle reservoirs and minimal cosmic ray gradients; confirmation of a fundamental relationship between solar wind speed and coronal electron temperature, leading to a new model for the origin of the fast and slow solar wind.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research and Scientific Support Department of ESA, ESTEC, P.O. Box 299, 2200 AG, Noordwijk, The Netherlands

    Richard G. Marsden

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  1. Richard G. Marsden
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. INAF — Osservatorio di Arcetri, Firenze, Italy

    Giannina Poletto

  2. NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, National Space & Technology Center/Solar Physics, Huntsville, AL, USA

    Steven T. Suess

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Marsden, R.G. (2004). Ulysses at Solar Maximum. In: Poletto, G., Suess, S.T. (eds) The Sun and the Heliosphere as an Integrated System. Astrophysics and Space Science Library, vol 317. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2831-1_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2831-1_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-90-481-6728-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4020-2831-1

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