Key Points
■ Child abuse is a serious health problem with severe long-term consequences and high societal costs (strong evidence).
■ Child abuse is both underdetected and underreported, and the role of imaging is a critical part of the investigation of abuse (moderate evidence).
■ Radiographic skeletal survey is the main diagnostic tool in the diagnosis of skeletal injuries in both living and dead children (moderate evidence).
■ Repeat skeletal surveys can clarify and substantiate initially equivocal findings (moderate evidence).
■ Skeletal scintigraphy can be used as an adjunct to the skeletal survey (moderate evidence).
■ Infant deaths are most likely due to head trauma, whereas toddlers are more likely to die from blunt abdominal trauma (strong evidence).
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van Rijn, R.R., Nijs, H.G., Applegate, K.E., Bilo, R.A. (2010). Evidence-Based Imaging in Non-CNS Nonaccidental Injury. In: Medina, L., Applegate, K., Blackmore, C. (eds) Evidence-Based Imaging in Pediatrics. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0922-0_13
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