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The Exosomes of Trypanosomes and Other Protists

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RNA Exosome

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 702))

Abstract

The archaeal exosome contains three heterodimeric RNase PH subunits, forming a hexamer with RNase activity; on top sits a trimer of two different SI domain proteins. In animals and yeast, six different, but related subunits form the RNase PH-like core, but these lack enzyme activity; there are three different Si-domain proteins and enzyme activity is provided by the endo/exonuc lease Rrp44 or—mainly in the nuclear exosome—the Rnase D enzyme Rrp6. Trypanosomes diverged from yeast and mammals very early in eukaryotic evolution. The trypanosome exosome is similar in subunit composition to the human exosome, but instead of being an optional component, trypanosome RRP6 is present in the nucleus and cytoplasm and is required for exosome stability. As in human cells and yeast, the trypanosome exosome has been shown to be required for processing and quality control of rRNA and to be involved in mRNA degradation. Electron microscopy results for a Leishmania exosome suggest that RRP6 is located on the side of the RnasePH ring, interacting with several exosome core proteins. Results of a search for exosome subunits in the genomes of widely diverged protists revealed varied exosome complexity; the Giardia exosome may be as simple as that of Archaea.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany

    Christine Clayton

  2. Instituto de parasitologia y Biomedicina “Lopez-Neyra”, CSIC, Avda. del Conocimiento, Granada, Spain

    Antonio Estevez

Authors
  1. Christine Clayton
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  2. Antonio Estevez
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for mRNP Biogenesis and Metabolism, Department of Molecular Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

    Torben Heick Jensen PhD

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© 2010 Landes Bioscience and Springer Science+Business Media

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Clayton, C., Estevez, A. (2010). The Exosomes of Trypanosomes and Other Protists. In: Jensen, T.H. (eds) RNA Exosome. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 702. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7841-7_4

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