Abstract
An introduction to the physical characteristics of the hydraulic system of hydropower plants is given in this chapter. The basic components of the hydraulic subsystem are discussed (turbines, guide vanes, etc.). Different types of models are examined, and the advantages of using nonlinear models for simulation studies are discussed. The effect of water elasticity and the hydraulic coupling between units sharing a common tunnel is considered, and why these effects should be incorporated into the simulation model of a power plant is explained.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Kundur, P.: Power System Stability and Control New York. Mc Graw Hill, New York (1994)
Wylie, E.B., Streeter, V.L.: Fluid Transients. Advanced Book Program. McGraw Hill, New York (1978)
IEEE Working group on prime mover energy supply: Hydraulic turbine and turbine control model for system dynamic studies. IEEE Trans. Power Syst. 7, 167–179 (1992)
Mansoor, S.P.: Behaviour and operation of pumped storage hydro plants. Ph.D. thesis, Bangor University, Bangor (2000)
Douglas, J.F., Matthews, R.D.: Solving Problems in Fluid Mechanics, vol. 1, 3rd edn. Addison Wesley, Harlow (1996)
Undrill, J., Woodward, J.: Calculation for determining temporary droop. IEEE Trans. Power Apparat. Syst. PAS-86, 443–451 (1966)
Central Electricity Generating Board: Report on Studies for Hydraulic System. Merz & McLellan (1975)
Woodward, J.L.: Hydraulic-turbine transfer function for use in governing studies. Proc. IEE 115, 424–426 (1968)
Thorne, D.H., Hill, E.F.: Field testing and simulation of hydraulic turbine governing performance. IEEE Trans. Power Apparat. Syst. PAS-93, 1183–1191 (1974)
Smith, J.R.: Assessment of hydro-turbine models for power-systems studies. IEE Proc. Part C 130, 1–6 (1983)
Kvaerner Boving Ltd: Commissioning report for unit #1 replacement governors, 55 Montgomery Way, Radcliffe, Manchester, M26 3TG, UK (1995)
Schleif, F.R., Wilbor, A.B.: The coordination of hydraulic turbine governors for power system operation. IEEE Trans. Power Apparat. Syst. PAS-85, 750–756 (1966)
IEEE Committee Report: Dynamic models for hydro turbines in power system studies. IEEE Trans. Power Apparat. Syst. Pas-92(6), 1904–1915 (1973)
Vournas, C., Zaharakis, A.: Hydro turbine transfer functions with hydraulic coupling. IEEE Trans. Energy Convers. 8, 527–532 (1993)
Ramey, D.G., Skooglund, J.W.: Detailed hydro-governor representation for system stability studies. IEEE Trans. Power Apparat. Syst. PAS-89, 106–112 (1970)
Warnick, C.C.: Hydropower Engineering. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs (1984)
Wozniak, L., Fett, G.H.: Conduit representation in closed loop simulation of hydraulic systems. ASME Publ. 71, 1–5 (1971)
Hannett, L.N., Feltes, J.W., Fardanesh, B.: Field tests to validate hydro turbine-governor model structure and parameters. IEEE Trans. Power Syst. 9, 1744–1751 (1994)
Munoz-Hernandez, G.A.: Application of model based predictive control to a pumped storage hydroelectric Plant. Ph.D. thesis, Bangor University, Bangor (2005)
Hannett, L.N.: Field tests to validate hydro turbine-governor model structure and parameters. IEEE Trans. Power Syst. 9, 1744–1750 (1994)
Dutton, K., Thompson, S., Barraclough, B.: The Art of Control Engineering. Addison-Wesley, Menlo Park (1998)
Sanathanan, C.K.: Accurate low order model for hydraulic turbine – penstock. IEEE Trans. Energy Convers. EC-2, 196–200 (1987)
Goodson, R.E.: Distributed system simulation using infinite product expansions. Simulation 15, 255–263 (1970)
Azoury, P., Baasiri, M., Najm, H.: Effects of valve-closure schedule on water hammer. J. Hydraul. Eng. 112(10), 890–903 (1986)
Paynter, H.M.: Methods and results from M.I.T studies in unsteady flow. BSCE J. 39, 224–227 (1952)
Kung, C.S., Yang, X.L.: Energy interpretation of hydraulic transients in power plant with surge tank. J. Hydraul. Res. 31, 825–839 (1993)
Vournas, C.D., Papaioannou, G.: Modelling and stability of a hydro plant with two surge tanks. IEEE Trans. Energy Convers. 10, 368–375 (1994)
Parmakian, J.: Water Hammer Analysis. Dover Publication, New York (1963)
Sabersky, R.H., Acosta, A.J.: Fluid Flow. The Macmillan Company, New York (1975)
First Hydro Company: FHC report D21: head loss calculation for dinorwig system, Llamberis (1995)
Nicolet, C., Avellan, F., Allenbach, P., Sapin, A., Simond, J.J.: New tool for the simulation of transient phenomena in Francis turbine power plants. In: Hydraulic Machinery and Systems 21st IAHR Symposium, Lausanne (2002)
Nicolet, C., Greiveldinger, B., Herou, J.J., Kawkabani, B., Allenbach, P., Simond, J.J., Avellan, F.: High-order modeling of hydraulic power plant in islanded power network. IEEE Trans. Power Syst. 22(4), 1870–1880 (2007)
Larock, B.E., Jeppson, R.W., Watters, G.Z.: Hydraulics of Pipeline Systems. CRC Press, Boca Raton (1999)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer-Verlag London
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Munoz-Hernandez, G.A., Mansoor, S.P., Jones, D.I. (2013). Hydraulic Models. In: Modelling and Controlling Hydropower Plants. Advances in Industrial Control. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-2291-3_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-2291-3_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-4471-2290-6
Online ISBN: 978-1-4471-2291-3
eBook Packages: Physics and AstronomyPhysics and Astronomy (R0)