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Current State of Laparoscopic and Robotic Surgery

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Simulation Training in Laparoscopy and Robotic Surgery

Abstract

Minimally invasive surgical innovation has exploded in recent times. Currently, conventional laparoscopy is most widely adopted as the costs are relatively low. However, robotics and single port surgery are leading a revolution in surgery for wealthy health-care systems. We explore the historical and contemporary areas of this evolution.

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Correspondence to Jens J. Rassweiler M.D. .

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Rassweiler, J.J., Hruza, M., Frede, T., Micali, S. (2012). Current State of Laparoscopic and Robotic Surgery. In: Patel, H., Joseph, J. (eds) Simulation Training in Laparoscopy and Robotic Surgery. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-2930-1_3

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