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Cardiac KATP Channels in Health and Diseases

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Electrical Diseases of the Heart

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Abstract

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels were discovered in the heart almost 30 years ago. They are present in multiple tissues and link membrane excitability to the metabolic state of the cell. Under physiological conditions, cardiac KATP channels are predominantly closed, but they may open during exertion, stress, and ischemia. Experimental and modeling studies have shown that activation of sarcolemmal KATP channels causes dramatic action potential shortening in vitro, which can be cardioprotective. Conversely, there is emerging evidence that KATP channel mutations are linked to heart diseases, including congestive heart failure and arrhythmias. The debate regarding the role, and even the very existence, of mitochondrial KATP channels is still ongoing. Filling these knowledge gaps will require further study, and integration of results from basic cellular electrophysiology, to animal models and clinical disease. This chapter will address the current understanding of cardiac KATP channels regarding molecular composition, regulation of channel activity, and physiological and pathophysiological roles.

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Acknowledgement.

Our own experimental work has been supported by NIH grants HL45742, HL54171 and HL95010. We are grateful to the numerous former laboratory colleagues and collaborators for their contributions.

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  1. Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Center for the Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA

    Hai Xia Zhang MD, PhD, Jonathan R. Silva PhD & Colin G. Nichols PhD

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Correspondence to Colin G. Nichols PhD .

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  1. , Department of Internal Medicine, UMDNJ-RWJ Medical School, Robert Wood Johnson Pl. 1, New Brunswick, 08903-0019, New Jersey, USA

    Ihor Gussak

  2. , Gordon K. Moe Scholar, Masonic Medical Research Laboratory, Bleecker Street, Utica, 13501-1787, New York, USA

    Charles Antzelevitch

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© 2013 Springer-Verlag London

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Zhang, H.X., Silva, J.R., Nichols, C.G. (2013). Cardiac KATP Channels in Health and Diseases. In: Gussak, I., Antzelevitch, C. (eds) Electrical Diseases of the Heart. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4881-4_16

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4881-4_16

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