Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

In situ fluorescence spectroscopy of pesticides and other organic pollutants

  • Conference paper
Residue Reviews

Part of the book series: Residue Reviews ((RECT,volume 59))

Abstract

Fluorescence spectroscopy is well regarded as an analytical tool because of its excellent sensitivity and added selectivity, as compared to classical colorimetric methods. Nevertheless, its application to organic residue analysis has been somewhat limited due to the fact that not too many pollutants are very fluorescent and that many naturally occurring compounds interfere. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC), on the other hand, is well established as a cleanup and separation technique for residues and direct determination of fluorescent materials on TLC plates is now possible with good accuracy with the new line of chromatogram spectrofluorometers on the market. Consequently, a combination of TLC and fluorescence spectroscopy should prove a valuable asset as an analytical technique provided organic pollutants can be made to fluoresce.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Asbott, D. C., and H. Egan: Determination of residues of organophosphorous pesticides in foods. Analyst 92, 475 (1967).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Asbott, D. C., and H. Egan, and J. Thomson: The application of thin-layer chromatographic techniques to the analysis of pesticide residues. Residue Reviews 11, 1 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  • Asbott, D. C., and H. Egan, K. W. Blake, K. R. Tarrant, and J. Thomson: Thin-layer chromatographic separation, identification and estimation of residues of some carbamate and allied pesticides in soil and water. J. Chromatog. 30, 136 (1967 a).

    Google Scholar 

  • Asbott, D. C., and H. Egan A. S. Burridge, J. Thomson, and K. S. Webb: A thin-layer chromatographic screening test for organophosphorous pesticide residues. Analyst 92, 170 (1967b).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Asbott, D. C., and H. Egan, H. Egan, E. W. H. Mmond, and J. Thomson: The chromatographic detection and determination of organochlorine herbicides in soil and water. Analyst 89, 480 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  • Adams, J. M., and C. A. Anderson: Spectrophotofluorometric method for Guthion residues in milk and animal tissues. J. Agr. Food Chem. 14, 53 (1966).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Aharonson, N., and B.-A. Abraham: Determination of benomyl, its hydrolysis product, and thiabendazole in various crops. J. Assoc. Official Anal. Chemists 56, 1330 (1973).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, C. A.: Photofluorometric method for determination of Co-Ral residues in animal tissues: J. Agr, Food Chem. 7, 256 (1959).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, R. J., C. A. Anderson, JR., and M. L. Yagelowich: A photofluorometric method for the determination of maretin (N-hydroxynaphthalimide diethyl phosphate) residues in animal tissues. J. Agr. Food Chem. 14, 43 (1966).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Argauer, R. J.: Fluorometric analysis of carbaryl insecticide in mixed formulations. J. Assoc. Official Anal. Chemists 53, 1166 (1970).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Argauer, R. J., H. Shimanuki, and C. C. Alvarez: Fluorometric determination of carbaryl and 1-naphthol in honeybees (Apis milli f era L.) with confirmation by gas chromatography. J. Agr. Food Chem. 18, 688 (1970).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Askew, J., J. H. Ruzicka, and B. B. Wheals: Use of hydriodic acid in the detection of pesticides after thin-layer chromatography. J. Chromatog. 37, 369 (1968).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Askew, J., J. H. Ruzicka, and B. B. Wheals, A general method for the determination of organophosphorous pesticide residues in river waters and effluents by gas, thin-layer and gel chromatography. Analyst 94, 275 (1969).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ballschmitter, K. H., and G. Tölg: Fluorescence indicators for the detection of organohalides by TLC. Z. anal. Chem. 215, 305 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  • Becker, R. S.: Theory and interpretation of fluorescence and phosphorescence. New York: Wiley Interscience (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  • Beekman, H. F., R. B. Bruce, and D. Macdougall: In G. Zweig(ed.): Analytical methods for pesticides, plant growth regulators, and food additives. Vol. 1, p. 227. New York: Academic Press (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  • Belliveau, P. E.: New fluorogenic spray reagents for in situ pesticide analysis. Ph.D. dissertation. Halifax, Nova Scotia: Dalhousie Univ. (1972).

    Google Scholar 

  • Belliveau, P. E. Belliveau, P. E. and R. W. Frei: PH sensitive fluorogenic spray reagents. I. General discussion and investigation of 1,2-dichloro-4,5-dicyano-benzoquinone. Chromatographia 4, 189 (1971).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Belliveau, P. E. and R. W. Frei, V. Mallet, and R. W. Frei: A spray method for the fluorescent detection of sulphur-containing organic compounds. J. Chromatog. 48, 478 (1970).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Benson, W. R.: Chemistry of pesticides. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 160, 7 (1969).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Berlman, I. B.: Handbook of fluorescence spectra of aromatic molecules, 2 ed. New York-London: Academic Press (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  • Beroza, M., and K. R. Hill: Determination of reflectance of pesticides spots on thin-layer chromatograms using fiber optics. Anal. Chem. 40, 1608 (1968).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bidleman, T., P. Nowlan, and R. W. Frei: Metallofluorescent indicators as spray reagents for the in situ determination of organophosphorus pesticides on thin-layer chromatograms. Anal chim. Acta, p. 60 (1972).

    Google Scholar 

  • Block, R. T., E. L. Duurum, and G. Zweig: A manual of paper chromatography and paper electrophoresis, 2 ed., p. 70. New York: Academic Press (1958).

    Google Scholar 

  • Borfitz, H., J. Para, J. V. Sickles, G. B. Ginter, and B. C. Southworth: Determination of buquinolate in chicken feeds by thin-layer chromatography and fluorometry. J. Assoc. Official Anal. Chemists 50, 264 (1967).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bowen, R. S.: Theory and interpretation of fluorescence and phosphorescence. London: Van Nostrand (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bowman, M. C., and M. Beroza: Spectrophotofluorescent and spectrophotophosphorescent data on insecticidal carbamates and the analysis of five carbamates in milk by spectrophotofluorometry. Residue Reviews 17, 23 (1967a).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bowman, M. C., and M. Beroza Spectra and analysis of insecticide synergist and related compounds containing the methylenedioxyphenyl group by spectrophotofluorometry (SPF) and spectrophotophosphorimetry (SPP). Residue Reviews 17, 1 (1967b).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brun, G. L., and V. Mallet: Detection of organophosphorus pesticides by in situ fluorometry on thin-layer chromatograms. J. Chromatog. 80, 117 (1973).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brun, G. L., and V. Mallet, D. Surette, and V. Mallet’ A new method for the detection of organo-phosphorus pesticides by in situ fluorometry on thin-layer chromatograms. Intern. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. 3, 61 (1973).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Carson, R.: Silent spring. Boston: Houghton-Mifflin (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  • Conkin, R. A.: Thin-layer chromatography in the determination of pesticide residues. Residue Reviews 6, 136 (1964).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Copius-Peereboom, J. W.: In E. Stahl (ed.): Springer-Verlag (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  • Delley, R., K. Friederich, B. Karlhuber, G. Székely, and K. Stammbach: Identification and determination of various triazine herbicides in biological materials. Z. anal Chem. 228, 23 (1967).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • De Zeeuw, R. A.: The present state of qualitative thin-layer chromatography. CRC Crit. Rev. Anal. Chem. 1, 119 (1970).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eberle, D. O., and F. A. Gunther: Chromatographic, spectrometric, and irradiation behavior of five carbamate insecticides. J. Assoc. Official Anal. Chemists 48, 927 (1965).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eliakis, C. E., A. S. Coutselinis, and E. C. Eliakis: A rapid procedure for the identification of organochlorine pesticides in blood and tissues. Analyst 93, 368 (1968).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fallscheer, H. O., and J. W. Coox: Enzymatic methods for insecticides—Conversion of thionophosphates and dithiophosphates to cholinesterase inhibitors. J. Assoc. Official Agr. Chemists 39, 691 (1956).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Faust, S. D., and I. H. Suffet: Recovery, separation, and identification of organic pesticides from natural and potable waters. Residue Reviews 15, 44 (1966).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Finocchiaro, J. M., and W. R. Benson: Thin-layer chromatography of some carba-mate and phenylurea pesticides. J. Assoc. Official Agr. Chemists 50, 888 (1967).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Frei, R. W.: Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. CRC Crit. Rev. Anal. Chem. 1, 179 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  • Frei, R. W., and T. R. Duffy: A comparison of new techniques for the detection and quantitative determination of triazine herbicides separated by thin-layer chromatography. IV. Radiochemical methods. Mikrochim. Acta, p. 480 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  • Frei, R. W., and C. D. Freeman: A comparison of new techniques for the detection and determination of triazine herbicides separated by thin layer chromatography. III. Fluorescence quenching. Mikrochim. Acta, p. 1214 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  • Frei, R. W., and J. F. Lawrence: Fluorigenic labelling of carbamates with dansyl chloride. I. Study of reaction conditions. J. Chromatog. 61, 174 (1971).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Frei, R. W., and J. F. Lawrence, Frei, R. W., and V. Mallet: Quantitative thin-layer chromatography of organothiophosphorus pesticides by in situ fluorimetry. Intern. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. 1, 99 (1971).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Frei, R. W., and N. S. Nomura: A comparison of new techniques for the detection and quantitative determination of triazine herbicides separated by thin-layer chromatography. II. Reflectance spectroscopy. Mikrochim. Acta, p. 565 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  • Frei, R. W., and H. Zurcher. A quantitative in situ fluorimetric study of acridine and 5,6benzoquinoline after thin-layer chromatographic separation from similar air pollutants. Mikrochim. Acta, p. 209 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  • Frei, R. W., J. F. Lawrence, and P. E. Belliveau: An in situ fluorimetric method for the determination of Sevin and a-naphthol on thin-layer chromatograms. Z. anal. Chem. 254, 271 (1971c).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Frei, R. W., J. Borko, G. Pataki, and H. Zurcher: Quantitative thin-layer chromatography. IX. Investigations on the reproducibility of direct spectrophotometry and fluorometry. J. Chromatog. 32, 457 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  • Frei, R. W., V. Mallet, and M. Thiebaud: Quantitative determination of azinphosmethyl (Guthion) in blueberries by thin-layer chromatography and in situ fluorescence spectroscopy. Intern. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. 1, 141 (1971a).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Frei, R. W., V. Mallet, and M. Thiebaud, and C. Pothier: Flavones as fluorogenic spray reagents for organothiphosphorus pesticides on silica gel layers. J. Chromatog. 59, 135 (1971b).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Frei, R. W., N. S. Nomura, and M. M. Frodyma: A comparison of new techniques for the detection and determination of triazine herbicides, separated by thin-layer chromatography. I. Method of detection. Mikrochim. Acta, p. 1099 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • Frodyma, M. M., and V. T. Lieu: Analysis by means of spectral reflectance of sub-stances resolved on thin plates. W. W. Wendlandt (ed.): New York: Plenum (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  • Gardner, K., and D. F. Heath: Quantitative determination of isomers of 0,0-diethyl ethylmercaptoethyl thiophosphate. Anal. Chem. 25, 1849 (1953).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Getz, M. E.: The determination of organophosphate pesticides and their residues by paper chromatography. Residue Reviews 2, 9 (1963).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Getz, M. E., and H. G. Wheeler, Thin-layer chromatography of organophosphorus insecticides with several adsorbents and ternary solvent systems. J. Assoc. Official Anal. Chemists 51, 1101 (1968).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Giang, P. A.: Fluorometric method for estimation of residues of Bayer. J. Agr. Food Chem. 9, 42 (1961).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gordon, H. T., L. N. Werum, and W. W. Thornburg: Use of 2-(O-hydroxyphenyl)benzoxazole in detection of phosphate esters and other ferric-complexing compounds on paper chromatograms. J. Chromatog. 13, 272 (1964).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Grant, D. L., C. R. Sherwood, and K. A. Mccully: Gas-liquid and thin-layer chromatography of phorate, disulfotan and five of their oxidation products. J. Chromatog. 44, 67 (1969).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Green, J., and D. Mchale: Partition paper chromatography and chemical structure. Adv. Chromatog. 2, 99 (1966).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Groves, K.: Analysis of mixtures of isomers of demeton. J. Agr. Food Chem. 6, 30 (1958).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guilbault, G. G.: Fluorescence: Theory, instrumentation and practice. New York: Marcel Dekker (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • Guilbault, G. G. Enzymatic methods of analysis. CRC Crit. Rev. Anal. Chem 1, 377 (1970).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guilbault, G. G., and M. H. Sadar: Fluorometric determination of pesticides. Anal. Chem. 41, 366 (1969).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guilbault, G. G., and M. H. Sadar, and M. Zimmer: Analytical applications of the phosphatase enzyme system determination of bismuth, beryllium and pesticides. Anal. chim. Acta 44, 361 (1969).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gunther, F. A.: Instrumentation in pesticide residue determinations. Adv. Pest. Control Res. 5, 191 (1962).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hamman, B. L., and M. M. Martin: Direct spectrophotometric quantitation of 17-keto steroids on thin-layer chromatograms. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 71, 1028 (1968).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hamman, B. L., and M. M. Martin Direct fluorescence quantitation on thin-layer chromatograms. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 73, 1042 (1969).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Heath, D. F.: Organophosphorus poisons, Chap. 3. New York: Pergamon Press (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hercules, D. M.: Fluorescence and phosphorescence analysis: Principles and applications. New York: Interscience (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  • Homans, A. L., and A. Fuchs: Determination of steroids by densitometry of derivatives. J. Chromatog. 51, 327 (1970).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hornstein, I.: Spectrophotofluorometry for pesticide determination. J. Agr. Food Chem. 6, 32 (1958).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jensen, S.: Report of a new chemical hazard. New Sci. 32, 612 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, D. W.: Pesticides and fishes: A review. Trans. Amer. Fish Soc., 97, 398 (1968).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kawahara, F. K.: Gas chromatographic analysis of mercaptans, phenols, and organic acids in surface waters with use of pentafluorobenzyl derivatives. Environ. Sci. Technol. 5, 235 (1971a).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kawahara, F. K. Microdetermination of pentafluorobenzyl ester derivatives of organic acids by means of electron capture gas chromatography. Anal Chem. 40, 2073 (1971b).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kawahara, F. K. Microdetermination of derivatives of phenols and mercaptans by means of electron capture gas chromatography. Anal. Chem. 40, 1009 (1971c).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kawahara, F. K., R. L. Moore, and R. W. Gorman: Microanalysis of 14 chlorohydrocarbons in wastewater by thin-layer and gas chromatography. J. Gas Chromatog. 6, 24 (1968).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kawashiro, I., and Y. Hosogal: Pesticide residues in foods: I. New spray reagents in TLC of chlorinated organic pesticides. Shokukin Eiseigaku Zasski 5, 54 (1964).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kiigemagi, U., and L. C. Terriere: The spectrophotofluorometric determination of 0,0-diethyl O-2 pyrazinylphosphorothioate (Zinophos) and its oxygen analog in soil and plant tissues. J. Agr. Food Chem. 11, 293 (1963).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kirchner, J. G.: Thin-layer chromatography. Vol. XII, p. 475. New York: Inter-science (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • Kirchner, J. G., J. M. Miller, and R. G. Rice: Quantitative determination of biphenyl in citrus fruits and fruit products by means of chromatostrips. J. Agr. Food Chem. 2, 1031 (1954).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Knaak, J. B., M. J. Tallant, W. J. Bartley, and L. J. Sullivan: The metabolism of carbaryl in the rat, guinea pig and man J Agr. Food Chem. 13, 537 (1965).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Koudela, S.: A modified detection of triazine herbicide residues and their hydroxy- ’derivatives on thin-layer chromatograms. J. Chromatog. 53, 589 (1970).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lawrence, J. F., and R. W. Frei: Fluorigenic labelling of carbamates using dansyl chloride. II. Fluorescence phenomena of the derivatives. J. Chromatog. 66, 93 (1972a).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lawrence, J. F., and R. W. FreiüFluorogenic labelling of N-methyl and N,N-dimethylcarbamates with 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzo-2,1,3-oxadiazole. Anal. Chem. 44, 2046 (1972b).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lawrence, J. F., and R. W. Freiü J. Chromatog, Fluorometric derivatization for pesticide residue analysis. J. Chromatog. 98, 253 (1974).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Leermakers, P. A., and H. T. Thomas: Electronic spectra and photochemistry of adsorbed organic molecules. I. Spectra of ketones on silica gel. J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 87, 1620 (1965).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lefar, M. S., and A. D. Lewis: Thin-layer densitometry. Anal. Chem. 42, 79A (1970).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lott, P. F., and R. J. Hurtubise: Instrumentation for thin-layer chromatography. J. Chem. Ed. 48, A437 (1971a).

    Google Scholar 

  • Lott, P. F., and R. J. Hurtubise Instrumentation for thin-layer chromatography. J. Chem. Ed. 48, A481 (1971 b).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Macdougall, D.: The use of fluorometric measurements for determination of pesticide residues. Residue Reviews 1, 24 (1962).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Macdougall, D. In G. Zweig(ed.): Analytical methods for pesticides, plant growth, regulators and food additives. Vol. IV, p. 89. New York: Academic Press (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  • Madsen, B. C., and H. W. Latz: Qualitative and quantitative in situ fluorometry of citrus oil thin-layer chromatograms. J. Chromatog. 50, 288 (1970).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mallet, V.: A combination of in situ fluorescence spectroscopy and thin-layer chromatography for the determination of pesticides. Ph.D. Dissertation, Halifax, N.S.: Dalhousie Univ. (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  • Mallet, V., and G. L. Brun: A rapid and reliable in situ spectrophotofluorometric method for the analysis of Co-Ral and Bayrusil in lake and sewage water. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 12, 739 (1974).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mallet, V., and R. W. Frei: An investigation of flavones as fluorogenic spray reagents for organic compounds on cellulose matrix. Part I. General discussion of the method. J. Chromatog. 54, 251 (1971a).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mallet, V., and R. W., Frei An investigation of flavones as fluorogenic spray reagents for organic compounds on cellulose matrix. Part II. Determination of pesticides. J. Chromatog. 56, 69 (1971b).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mallet, V., and R. W., An investigation of flavones as fluorogenic spray reagents for organic compounds on cellulose matrix. Part II. Quantitation of the method. J. Chromatog. 60, 213 (1971c).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mallet, V., and D. P. Surette: Fluorescence of pesticides by treatment with heat, acid or base. J. Chromatog. 95, 243 (1974).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mallet, V., and D. P. Surette, C. Lebel, and D. P. Surette: Méthode de détermination du Morestan (Quino-méthionate) dans l’eau d’alimentation de réseau. Analusis 9, 643 (1974a).

    Google Scholar 

  • Mallet, V., D. P. Surette, and G. L. Brun: Detection of naturally fluorescent pesticides on silica gel layers. J. Chromatog. 79, 217 (1973).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mallet, V., J.-G. Zakrevsky, and G. L. Brun: Dosage du Maretin dans l’eau et le lait par fluorescence in situ sur couches minces. Bull. Soc. Chim. France 9-10, 1755 (1974b).

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, H.: Pesticide Manual, 2 ed. Brit. Crop Protect. (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  • Mccully, K. A.: Analysis of multiple pesticide residues. Chemical identity and confirmation of results. World Rev. Pest. Control 8, 59 (1969).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mckinley, W. P.: Gas chromatography. In G. Zweig (ed.): Analytical methods for pesticides, plant growth regulators, and food additives. Vol. 1, p. 227. New York: Academic Press (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  • Meinhard, J. E., and N. F. Hall: Surface chromatography. Anal. Chem. 21, 185 (1949).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mendoza, C. E.: Analysis of pesticides by thin-layer chromatographic-enzyme inhibition technique. Residue Reviews 43, 105 (1972).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mendoza, C. E., P. J. Wales, and D. F. Bray: Consistency of RsT values of six organophosphorus pesticides resolved by thin-layer chromatography in the presence of plant extracts without elaborate clean-up. Analyst 93, 688 (1968d).

    Google Scholar 

  • Mendoza, C. E., H. A. Mcleod, and W. P. Mckinley: Sodium methylate treatment of cleaned up plant extracts in confirmation of some pesticide residues by gas liquid and thin-layer chromatography. J. Assoc. Official Anal. Chemists 51, 1095 (1968a).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mendoza, C. E. Enzymatic determination of ten organophosphorus pesticides and carbaryl on thin-layer chromatograms: An evaluation of indoxyl, substituted indoxyl and 1-naphthyl acetates as substrates of esterases. Analyst 93, 34 (1968b).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mendoza, C. E. Thin-layer chromatographic-enzyme inhibition procedure to screen for organophosphorus pesticides in plant extracts without elaborate clean-up. Analyst 93, 173 (1968c).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Neumeyer, J., D. Gibbons, and H. T. Trask: Pesticides, Part I. Chem. Week (Apr. 12 ), p. 38 (1969a).

    Google Scholar 

  • Neumeyer, J., D. Gibbons, and H. T. Trask, Pesticides, Part II. Chem. Week (Apr. 26 ), p. 38 (1969b).

    Google Scholar 

  • Parker, C. A.: Photoluminescence of solutions with applications to photochemistry and analytical chemistry. New York: American Elsevier (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  • Parker, K. G., L. E. ST-John, JR., and D. J. Lisk: Fluorescence determination of giberellic acid in cherries. J. Assoc. Official Anal. Chemists 40, 986 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  • Passwater, R. W.: Guide to fluorescence literature. Vol. II. New York: Plenum Press (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  • Pataki, G.: Techniques of thin-layer chromatography in amino acids and peptide chemistry. Ann Arbor, Michigan: Ann Arbor Science Publishers (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  • Pionke, H. B., and G. Chesters: Determination of organochlorine insecticides in soils and waters. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 32, 749 (1968).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Parrs, G. F., J. C. Coulson, A. N. Crabtree, A. Richardson, and J. Robinson: Organochlorine residues in marine organisms. Nature 214, 1307 (1967).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ragab, M. T. H.: Direct fluorescent detection of organothiophosphorus pesticides and some of their sulfur-containing breakdown products after thin-layer chro-matography. J. Assoc. Official Anal. Chemists 50, 1088 (1967a).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Parrs, G. F., J. C. CouLson, A. N. Crabtree, A. Richardson, and J. Robinson 4 (p Nitrobenzyl) pyridine as a spray reagent for organophosphorus pesticides and some of their breakdown products on thin-layer chromatograms. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 2, 279 (1967b).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ramasamy, M.: The identification and determination of organophosphorus and car-bamate insecticides by thin-layer chromatography. Analyst 94, 1075 (1969).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rebhun, M., and J. Manica: Classification of organics in secondary effluents. Environ. Sci. Technol. 5, 606 (1971).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Samual, B. L., and H. K. Hodges: Screening methods for organochlorine and organo- phosphate insecticides in foods and feeds. Residue Reviews 17, 35 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • Sawicki, E.: Fluorescence analysis in air pollution research. Talanta 16, 1231 (1969).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Siewierski, M., and K. Helrich: Separation, identification and measurement of DDT and its metabolites. J. Assoc. Official Anal. Chemists 50, 627 (1967).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Siewierski, M., and K. Helrichü Thin-layer chromatographic separation and chromogenic detection of diazinon and some of its known or suspected metabolites and/or degradation products. J. Assoc. Official Anal. Chemists 53, 514 (1970).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Siggia, S., and R. L. Edsberg: Determination of alkyl sulfides and disulfides. Anal. Chem. 20, 938 (1948).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Skuric, A.: Fluorometric determination of methyl paraoxon. Arhiv. Hig. Rada Toksikol. 16, 31 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, H. R.: Luminescence spectroscopy, a versatile analytical tool. Res./Develop. 19, 20 (1968).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stahl, E.: Thin-layer chromatography. New York: Academic Press (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  • Stenerson, J.: Thin-layer chromatography of some degradation products of organo-phosphorus pesticides. J. Chromatog. 38, 538 (1968).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stennett, G. V., and G. E. Eden: Assessment of biodegradability of synthetic sur-factants by tests simulation sewage treatment. Water Res. 5, 601 (1971).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stewart, G. H.: Stationary phase in paper chromatography. Adv. Chromatog. 1, 93 (1965).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stipes, R. J., and D. R. Oderwald: Soil thin-layer chromatography of fungicides. Phytopathol. 60, 1018 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  • Thornburg, W.: Pesticide residues. Anal. Chem. 43, 145R (1971).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tweedy, B. G., and A. A. Dehertogh: Literature of agricultural pesticides. Adv. Chem. Ser. 78, 636 (1968).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Villeneuve, D. C., A. G. Butterfield, D. L. Grant, and K. A. Mccully: The detection, separation and quantitative recovery of thirteen organophosphorus pesticides on silica gel GF,s, thin-layer chromatograms. J. Chromatog. 48, 567 (1970).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wales, P. J., C. E. Mendoza, H. A. Mcleod, and W. P. Mckinley: Procedure for semi-quantitative confirmation of some organophosphorus pesticide residues in plant extracts. Analyst 93, 691 (1968).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Watts, R. R.: Chromogenic spray reagents for the organophosphate pesticides. Residue Reviews 18, 105 (1967).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Weis, K. D., T. R. Evans, and P. A. Leermakers: Electronic spectra and photochemistry of adsorbed organic molecules. VI. Binding effects of silica as a mechanistic probe in systems of photochemical interest. J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 90, 6109 (1968).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Weissler, A.: Fluorometric analysis. Anal. Chem. 46, 500R (1974).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • West, W.: In A. Weissburger(ed.): Technique of organic chemistry, Vol. IX, Chap. VI. New York: Interscience (1956).

    Google Scholar 

  • White, C. E.: Fluorometric analysis. Anal. Chem. 21, 104 (1949).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • White, C. E., Fluorometric analysis. Anal. Chem. 22, 69 (1950).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • White, C. E., Fluorometric analysis. Anal. Chem. 24, 85 (1952).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • White, C. E., Fluorometric analysis. Anal. Chem. 26, 129 (1954).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • White, C. E., Fluorometric analysis. Anal. Chem. 28, 621 (1956).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • White, C. E., Fluorometric analysis. Anal. Chem. 30, 729 (1958).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • White, C. E., Fluorometric analysis. Anal. Chem. 32, 47R (1960).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • White, C. E.,, and R. J. Argauer: Fluorescence analysis: A practical approach. New York: Marcel Dekker (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  • White, C. E.,, and A. Weissler: Fluorometric analysis. Anal. Chem. 34, 81R (1962).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • White, C. E., Fluorometric analysis. Anal. Chem. 28, 621 (1956).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • White, C. E., Fluorometric analysis. Anal. Chem. 30, 729 (1958).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • White, C. E., Fluorometric analysis. Anal. Chem. 32, 47R (1960).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • White, C. E., Fluorometric analysis. Anal. Chem. 42, 57R (1970).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • White, C. E., Fluorometric analysis. Anal Chem. 44, 182R (1972).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Williams, R. T., and J. W. Bridges: Fluorescence of solution: A review. J. Clin. Pathol. 17, 371 (1964).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Williams, S., and J. W. Cook: Pesticide residues. Anal Chem. 39, 142R (1967).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Williams, T. R.: Fluorescence of some aromatic compounds in aqueous solution. J. Roy. Inst. Chem. 83, 611 (1959).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Winefordner, J. D., S. G. Shulman, and T. C. O’haver: Luminescence spec-trometry in analytical chemistry New York: Wiley-Interscience (1972).

    Google Scholar 

  • Wise, J. J.: Analytical methods for pesticides, plant growth regulators and food additives. In G. Zweig (ed.): Vol. V, p. 47. New York: Academic Press (1967).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, N.B., EIA 3E9, Canada

    Victorin N. Mallet

  2. Department of the Environment, Water Control Laboratories, Moncton, N.B., Canada

    Paul E. Belliveau

  3. Sandoz Ltd., Basle, Switzerland

    Roland W. Frei

Authors
  1. Victorin N. Mallet
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Paul E. Belliveau
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Roland W. Frei
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Entomology, University of California, 92502, Riverside, California, USA

    Francis A. Gunther  & Jane Davies Gunther  & 

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1975 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.

About this paper

Cite this paper

Mallet, V.N., Belliveau, P.E., Frei, R.W. (1975). In situ fluorescence spectroscopy of pesticides and other organic pollutants. In: Gunther, F.A., Gunther, J.D. (eds) Residue Reviews. Residue Reviews, vol 59. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-9863-2_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-9863-2_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-9865-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-9863-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation